There are about 189 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Mali. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
Main objective The main objective of the study is to assess the virological efficacy of a Dolutegravir-based first-line ART in use under real-life conditions in national programs in resource-limited settings in patients infected with HIV-1 and initially under a NNRTI-based first-line, and determine the impact of NRTI resistance on the success of the new strategy. Secondary objectives - Determine the level of virological suppression (HIV-1 RNA <200 copies/ml) at 6, 12 and 24 months after transition from an NNRTI first-line to a DTG first-line. - Determine the level of virological suppression at the WHO threshold (HIV-1 RNA <1000 copies/ml). - To determine the frequency of development of resistance and the profiles of mutations in patients with virological failure (HIV-1 RNA ≥200 copies/ml) and the potential impact on the 2nd line strategies combining DTG and currently recommended by the WHO. - To determine the impact of pre-transition resistance to NRTIs on the virological suppression under DTG first-line and on the development of resistance to integrase inhibitors. - Study pre-transition resistance acquired under DTG first-lines at the thresholds of 20% and 5% of the viral population, respectively using Sanger and Ultra-deep Sequencing (UDS) approaches. Identify program factors associated with virological failure and/or the development of drug resistance.
The main objective of this research is to identify and characterize the different molecular variants of SARS-CoV-2, emerging and / or circulating in several countries of Sub-Saharan Africa (Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Gabon, Mali, Chad and Republic of Congo) and determine their role in the evolution of the pandemic.
Globally, the female mosquitoes to be effective at transmitting malaria parasites, must have a number of characteristics including: abundance, longevity (individual mosquitoes must survive long enough after feeding on infected blood to allow the parasite time to develop and travel to the mosquito's salivary glands), capacity (each female mosquito must be both susceptible to infection with Plasmodium and able to carry enough malaria parasites in the salivary glands), contact with humans (frequently feed on humans). Vectors in SSA are often anthropophagic and anthropophilic, and exhibit indoor biting and indoor resting behavior. Highly effective interventions against vectors have been developed and implemented at scale (e.g., indoor Residual Spraying of Insecticides [IRS] and Long Lasting Insecticide-treated Nets [LLINs]). While these interventions have contributed importantly to the reduction of malaria transmission and disease (68% and 11% respectively), none of them target outdoor-biting g and outdoor-resting mosquitoes. Given the increase in resistance to current generation of insecticides and the behavioral plasticity of vectors that results in continued malaria transmission despite high coverage of LLINs or IRS, there is a need for interventions that can supplement and complement LLINs and IRS by killing mosquitoes outside houses using other biologic mechanisms (e.g., targeting sugar feeding behavior). Finally, insecticides with novel modes of action that may be capable of restoring sensitivity to pyrethroids by killing both pyrethroid resistant and sensitive mosquitoes are required. Attractive Target Sugar Baits (ATSBs) that kill mosquitoes through the ingestion of the toxicant dinotefuran (and possibly by other ingestion toxicants that are effective when ingested) potentially fill the need for outdoor interventions with novel killing effects. This study aims to establish the efficacy and contribution of the ATSBs for controlling malaria transmission where An. gambiae s.l. and An. Funestus are the major vectors for malaria.