iCorMicA - Stratified Medicine in Angina

Coronary Artery Disease Clinical Trial

— iCorMicA  

Official title:

International Study of Coronary Microvascular Angina (iCorMicA): a Randomised, Controlled, Multicentre Trial and Registry

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT04674449
• Other study ID #: GN19CA435
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: December 30, 2020
• Est. completion date: December 30, 2030

Study information

• Verified date: December 2020
• Source: NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde
• Contact: Colin Berry, MBChB, PhD
• Phone: +44 141 330 3325
• Email: colin.berry[@]glasgow.ac.uk
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The iCorMicA study is a multicentre, prospective, randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled, parallel-group, end-point trial and registry. The investigators seek to determine whether stratified medical therapy guided by an adjunctive interventional diagnostic procedure (IDP) during the invasive management of patients with known or suspected angina but no obstructive coronary artery disease improves symptoms, wellbeing, cardiovascular risk and clinical outcomes.

Description:

Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) includes coronary artery disease (or 'coronary heart disease 'CHD') and ischaemic with no obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA). Coronary angiography is standard care for the evaluation of symptomatic patients and known or suspected coronary artery disease. A considerable proportion e.g. >1 in 3, of patients undergoing invasive coronary angiography for known or suspected angina do not have obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease.

The CorMicA pilot study involved prospective enrolment of patients referred for clinically indicated coronary angiography during a 12-month period (2016-2017) in the West of Scotland). 391 patients were enrolled, 185 (47%) had no obstructive coronary disease and 151 were randomised in a clinical trial of stratified medicine based on invasive tests of coronary vascular function. A high proportion (~4 in 5) of these patients had a diagnosis of INOCA due to a disorder of coronary vasomotion including microvascular- and/or vasospastic angina. The trial provided preliminary evidence that stratified medicine, as an adjunct to standard angiography-guided management, has potential to improve symptoms and quality of life. The mechanisms involved changes in diagnosis, treatment and lifestyle measures.

The CorMicA investigators were the first group to introduce stratified medicine for the management of ischaemic heart disease. Limitations of the CorMicA study included the setting (mainly single centre), partial blinding, short-term follow-up (primary outcome at 6 months) and the sample size. Acetylcholine reactivity testing was used to assess the susceptibility to coronary spasm (microvascular and/or macrovascular). Although acetylcholine is a naturally occurring substance, current formulations are not licensed for parenteral administration. Further, clinicians should have training and experience before implementing acetylcholine coronary reactivity testing. These considerations present a barrier to adoption in daily practice, which becomes all the more relevant given INOCA is generally under-recognised. A diagnostic coronary guidewire is already widely used in standard care and, unlike reactivity testing using acetylcholine, a guidewire has transferable potential to support stratified medicine during routine practice. This is especially the case for ad-hoc follow-on testing when obstructive coronary artery disease is excluded.

The vasoactive responses to acetylcholine reflect endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell effects, which may overlap with the vasoactive responses to adenosine (non-endothelial dependent). Calcium channel blocker therapy is indicated for the functional endotypes associated with impaired vasodilatation and/or vasoconstriction. This raises the possibility that acetylcholine testing may not be routinely required as an adjunctive test to coronary angiography and instead could be reserved for selected cases, or in specialist centres. Instead, the diagnostic guidewire approach may be sufficient as a routine, first line test for the evaluation of INOCA during daily practice.

Anatomical imaging using coronary angiography is the standard of care and clinicians may determine any diagnosis based on all of the available information and their clinical judgement. This approach avoids the need for additional tests. With this approach, the patient's symptoms in response to empirical therapy can be assessed during follow-up and the treatment can be revised as clinically appropriate. In daily practice, adoption of adjunctive tests of coronary function is very low and, in the absence of large, multicentre trials, coronary angiography with or without adjunctive tests of coronary vascular function may be considered reasonable, reflecting equipoise.

iCorMicA is a multicentre, prospective, randomised, double-blind, sham-controlled, parallel-group, end-point (patient reported outcome measures (PROMS), health outcomes, health economics) trial and registry. The investigators aim to determine whether stratified medical therapy, guided by a guidewire-based interventional diagnostic procedure (IDP) at the time of invasive coronary angiography (i.e. functional angiography), improves outcomes in patients with known or suspected angina but no obstructive coronary artery disease. Symptoms of angina or angina-equivalent are determined according to the Rose and/or Seattle Angina questionnaires. The IDP utilises principles of thermodilution to measure coronary vascular function (IMR, CFR, RRR), which aid clinicians in establishing a diagnosis of microvascular angina, vasospastic angina, mixed (both), or none, as per Coronary Vasomotion Disorders International Study Group (COVADIS) criteria. The feasibility, safety, efficacy and effect on healthcare resource utilisation of stratified medicine will be tested in multiple hospitals in different countries in Europe.

Participants with no obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease (coronary stenosis <50% and/or FFR >0.80) are eligible for randomisation (1:1) to either the intervention (IDP-guided, results disclosed) or blinded control (IDP undertaken but results not disclosed, standard of care) group. Medical therapy will be informed according to the clinical diagnosis (endotype). Patients in the intervention group with abnormal coronary vascular function may undergo repeated evaluations to assess the response to intracoronary therapy e.g. calcium channel blocker, enabling a personalised treatment plan. Patients who are ineligible for randomisation (e.g. obstructive coronary artery disease) may be entered into a prospective clinical registry, with individuals from each site invited to undergo similar follow-up assessments as the randomised participants.

Trial participants will be blinded to treatment group. The clinicians responsible for on-going care will also be blinded. Following invasive management, patients and clinicians will be advised of the diagnosis (endotype) but not the randomised group. The endotype will be informed by the IDP in the intervention group but not in the control group (sham procedure). Medical therapy and lifestyle measures are linked to the endotype and informed by contemporary practice guidelines. Therefore, optimal guideline-directed medical care according to the endotype is intended to be the same, regardless of the group allocation.

The sample size is 1500 randomised participants. The minimum follow-up duration is 12 months from the last participant recruitment. Follow-up will continued in the longer term including, where feasible, electronic case record linkage. The primary outcome measure is the Summary Score of the Seattle Angina Questionnaire at 12 months. Secondary outcomes include other Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS) to describe other aspects of health and wellbeing. These include EQ-5D-5L, Illness perception (Brief IPQ), Treatment satisfaction (TSQM), Duke Activity Status Index (DASI), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF) short-form and a pain questionnaire.

Additional objectives include the wider evaluation of the safety and diagnostic utility of the IDP in a multicentre, multinational setting, and the effects of stratified medicine on the rates of major adverse cardiovascular events by randomised group. The registry will represent a parallel control group. Scientific analyses of circulating biomarkers will be performed to better understand the pathophysiology of INOCA.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 1500
• Est. completion date: December 30, 2030
• Est. primary completion date: December 30, 2025
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age =18 years.

2. A clinical plan for invasive coronary angiography.

3. Symptoms of angina (typical or atypical) according to the Rose- and/or Seattle Angina questionnaires.

4. Able to comply with study procedures.

5. Able to provide informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. A non-coronary primary indication for invasive angiography (e.g. valve disease, heart failure).

2. History of coronary artery bypass surgery.

3. Presence of obstructive disease evident in a main coronary artery (diameter >2.5 mm), i.e. a coronary stenosis >50% and/or a fractional flow reserve (FFR) =0.80*.

4. Logistical reason*. *These patients will enter a follow-up registry.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Angina Attacks
• Angina Pectoris
• Angina Pectoris, Variant
• Angina, Stable
• Atherosclerosis
• Coronary Artery Disease
• Coronary Disease
• Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction (CMD)
• Coronary; Ischemic
• Heart Diseases
• Ischaemic Heart Disease
• Ischemia
• Ischemia With No Obstructive Coronary Arteries (INOCA)
• Microvascular Angina
• Myocardial Ischemia
• Non-Obstructive Coronary Atherosclerosis
• Vasospastic Angina

Intervention

Diagnostic Test:
• Disclosure of IDP results
The results of the adjunctive IDP performed at time of invasive coronary angiography are made available to the catheter laboratory clinician, to aid in the diagnostic process.

Other:
• IDP performed but results not disclosed
The results of the IDP performed at the time of invasive coronary angiography are concealed from the catheter laboratory clinician who will be blinded. The patient is managed according to standard of care.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United Kingdom	Golden Jubilee National Hospital	Clydebank	Scotland
United Kingdom	NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde	Glasgow

Sponsors (3)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde	Abbott Medical Devices, University of Glasgow

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United Kingdom, 

References & Publications (9)

Bairey Merz CN, Pepine CJ, Walsh MN, Fleg JL. Ischemia and No Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease (INOCA): Developing Evidence-Based Therapies and Research Agenda for the Next Decade. Circulation. 2017 Mar 14;135(11):1075-1092. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.024534. Review. — View Citation

Ford TJ, Stanley B, Good R, Rocchiccioli P, McEntegart M, Watkins S, Eteiba H, Shaukat A, Lindsay M, Robertson K, Hood S, McGeoch R, McDade R, Yii E, Sidik N, McCartney P, Corcoran D, Collison D, Rush C, McConnachie A, Touyz RM, Oldroyd KG, Berry C. Stratified Medical Therapy Using Invasive Coronary Function Testing in Angina: The CorMicA Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 Dec 11;72(23 Pt A):2841-2855. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.09.006. Epub 2018 Sep 25. — View Citation

Ford TJ, Stanley B, Sidik N, Good R, Rocchiccioli P, McEntegart M, Watkins S, Eteiba H, Shaukat A, Lindsay M, Robertson K, Hood S, McGeoch R, McDade R, Yii E, McCartney P, Corcoran D, Collison D, Rush C, Sattar N, McConnachie A, Touyz RM, Oldroyd KG, Berry C. 1-Year Outcomes of Angina Management Guided by Invasive Coronary Function Testing (CorMicA). JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2020 Jan 13;13(1):33-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2019.11.001. Epub 2019 Nov 11. — View Citation

Ford TJ, Yii E, Sidik N, Good R, Rocchiccioli P, McEntegart M, Watkins S, Eteiba H, Shaukat A, Lindsay M, Robertson K, Hood S, McGeoch R, McDade R, McCartney P, Corcoran D, Collison D, Rush C, Stanley B, McConnachie A, Sattar N, Touyz RM, Oldroyd KG, Berry C. Ischemia and No Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease: Prevalence and Correlates of Coronary Vasomotion Disorders. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2019 Dec;12(12):e008126. doi: 10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.119.008126. Epub 2019 Dec 13. — View Citation

Jespersen L, Hvelplund A, Abildstrøm SZ, Pedersen F, Galatius S, Madsen JK, Jørgensen E, Kelbæk H, Prescott E. Stable angina pectoris with no obstructive coronary artery disease is associated with increased risks of major adverse cardiovascular events. Eur Heart J. 2012 Mar;33(6):734-44. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr331. Epub 2011 Sep 11. — View Citation

Knuuti J, Wijns W, Saraste A, Capodanno D, Barbato E, Funck-Brentano C, Prescott E, Storey RF, Deaton C, Cuisset T, Agewall S, Dickstein K, Edvardsen T, Escaned J, Gersh BJ, Svitil P, Gilard M, Hasdai D, Hatala R, Mahfoud F, Masip J, Muneretto C, Valgimigli M, Achenbach S, Bax JJ; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J. 2020 Jan 14;41(3):407-477. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz425. — View Citation

Kunadian V, Chieffo A, Camici PG, Berry C, Escaned J, Maas AHEM, Prescott E, Karam N, Appelman Y, Fraccaro C, Louise Buchanan G, Manzo-Silberman S, Al-Lamee R, Regar E, Lansky A, Abbott JD, Badimon L, Duncker DJ, Mehran R, Capodanno D, Baumbach A. An EAPCI Expert Consensus Document on Ischaemia with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries in Collaboration with European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Coronary Pathophysiology & Microcirculation Endorsed by Coronary Vasomotor Disorders International Study Group. Eur Heart J. 2020 Oct 1;41(37):3504-3520. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa503. — View Citation

Ong P, Camici PG, Beltrame JF, Crea F, Shimokawa H, Sechtem U, Kaski JC, Bairey Merz CN; Coronary Vasomotion Disorders International Study Group (COVADIS). International standardization of diagnostic criteria for microvascular angina. Int J Cardiol. 2018 Jan 1;250:16-20. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.08.068. Epub 2017 Sep 8. Review. — View Citation

Sara JD, Widmer RJ, Matsuzawa Y, Lennon RJ, Lerman LO, Lerman A. Prevalence of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction Among Patients With Chest Pain and Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2015 Sep;8(11):1445-53. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2015.06.017. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Other	Cardiovascular biomarkers	Hypothesis: Compared with standard care, stratified medicine improves circulating biomarkers of cardiovascular risk	0 months - 10 years
Other	Sex differences	To assess for similarities and differences in presenting characteristics, socio-economic status, treatment, health status and clinical outcomes between males and females.	0 months - 10 years
Other	Ischaemic heart disease	To assess for similarities and differences in presenting characteristics, socio-economic status, treatment, health status and clinical outcomes between patient with obstructive coronary artery disease and no obstructive CAD (including by endotype).	0 months - 10 years
Primary	Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) Summary Score	The 7-item version of the SAQ reflects the frequency of angina (SAQ Angina Frequency score) and the disease-specific effect of angina on patients' physical function (SAQ Physical Limitation score) and quality of life (Quality of Life score) over the previous 4 weeks; these scores are averaged to obtain the SAQ Summary score, which is an overall measure of patients' stable ischaemic heart disease-specific health status. SAQ scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating less frequent angina, improved function, and better quality of life.	12 months
Secondary	Feasibility of stratified medicine	Rates of enrolment, drop-out, completion of diagnostic protocol, integrity of blinding in the catheter laboratory and blinding at 1 year, loss to follow-up.	0-60 months
Secondary	Safety of the interventional diagnostic procedure (IDP)	As reflected by SAEs related to the procedure, and those arising during longer term follow-up.	0-60 months
Secondary	Diagnostic utility of the interventional diagnostic procedure (IDP)	To assess impact of disclosure of the coronary function test results on the diagnosis and certainty of the diagnosis. A missed diagnosis of microvascular angina is defined as a physician diagnosis of non-cardiac chest pain in the presence of objective abnormalities of coronary artery function.	0-60 months
Secondary	Clinical utility	To assess the impact of disclosure of coronary function test results on clinical management (including treatment medication, investigations and healthcare resource utilisation).	0-60 months
Secondary	Health status	To assess quality of life, symptoms and health status using validated, patient-administered questionnaires. The EQ5D, SAQ, angina diary, EQ-5D-5L, Brief IPQ, TSQM, DASI, IPAQ-SF, FSQ and MOCA questionnaires will be completed.	0-60 months
Secondary	Cardiovascular risk	To assess attainment of guideline targets for measured cardiovascular risk factors, and adherence.	0-60 months
Secondary	Health outcomes	MACE including death, re-hospitalisation for cardiovascular events including myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke/ TIA, unstable angina and coronary revascularisation. Unscheduled hospital visits for chest pain that have not led to hospital admission will also be documented.	0 months - 10 years
Secondary	Health economics	Health resource utilisation will also be assessed by identifying inpatient visits, procedures and medication use.	0 months - 10 years