Study of Vascular Healing With the Combo Stent Versus the Everolimus Eluting Stent in ACS Patients by Means of OCT

Coronary Artery Disease Clinical Trial

— REMEDEE-OCT  

Official title:

A Prospective Randomized Study to Compare Vascular Healing After Deployment of the Abluminal Sirolimus Coated Bio-Engineered (Combo) Stent Versus the Everolimus Eluting Stent in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome by Means of OCT

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT01405287
• Other study ID #: VP-0509
• Secondary ID: 36383
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 2
• First received: July 26, 2011
• Last updated: March 21, 2014
• Start date: October 2011
• Est. completion date: January 2014

Study information

• Verified date: March 2014
• Source: OrbusNeich
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Health authority: Switzerland: SwissmedicSwitzerland: EthikkommissionBelgium: Ethics CommitteeBelgium: Federal Agency for Medicinal Products and Health ProductsNetherlands: Medical Ethics Review Committee (METC)Netherlands: The Central Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects (CCMO)Netherlands: Dutch Health Care InspectorateUnited Kingdom: Research Ethics CommitteeUnited Kingdom: National Health ServiceFinland: Ethics CommitteeFinland: Ministry of Social Affairs and Health
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

OBJECTIVE It is the objective of the REMEDEE OCT study to assess vascular healing after deployment of the Abluminal Sirolimus Coated Bio-Engineered Stent (Combo Bio-Engineered Sirolimus Eluting Stent) in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) with single de novo native coronary artery lesions ranging in diameter from ≥2.5 mm to ≤3.5 mm and ≤ 20 mm in length.

STUDY DESIGN The REMEDEE OCT study is a prospective, multicenter, randomized study designed to enroll 60 patients with ACS who will be randomized 1:1 to be treated with the Combo stent versus the commercially available everolimus eluting stent (Xience V or Promus). Patients will receive Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and Quatitative Coronary Angiography (QCA) follow-up imaging at 60 days post procedure. Clinical follow-up is scheduled at 30, 60, 180, 360 and 540 days. Furthermore, QCA and OCT will also be performed at baseline in all participants of the study.

Description:

BACKGROUND The implantation of bare-metal stents (BMS) has significantly reduced clinical and angiographic restenosis compared to balloon angioplasty alone after PCI due to eliminating elastic recoil and reducing arterial remodeling. However, in-stent restenosis still occurred frequently after BMS implantation in 20% to 40% of patients due to neointimal proliferation. The development, clinical validation and widespread use of drug-eluting stents (DES) have revolutionized the treatment of patients with coronary artery disease. Large-scale, prospective, multicenter double-blind randomized trials have provided strong evidence that drug-eluting stents significantly reduce angiographic restenosis and enhance event-free survival compared with BMS after implantation in native coronary arteries (3-6).However, despite an improved efficacy in the prevention of restenosis and target vessel failure safety concerns have been raised for DES, focusing on a small but clinically important increase in stent thrombosis occurring greater than one year after the index procedure.

In patients receiving drug-eluting stents, the acute coronary syndrome has been identified as one of the major risk factors of stent thrombosis (10). Therefore, concerns about the long-term outcome and safety after drug-eluting stent implantation due to late stent thrombosis and late stent malapposition have been raised.

Stent thrombosis, in particular late stent thrombosis, has been related to an impaired stent healing, most of all to a reduced endothelial repair, i.e. reduced stent strut coverage, after implantation of drug-eluting stents. This has resulted in the recommendation of a prolonged 12-month double antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel after drug-eluting stent implantation, however, how long double antiplatelet therapy is needed is unknown at present. These observations have resulted in an intense search for alternative strategies to promote stent healing and endothelial repair, rather than to inhibit the endothelialisation of the stent, that is common to the substances used to prevent neointima formation.

Notably, endothelial repair can be substantially stimulated by CD34+ endothelial progenitor cells. The Combo stent is therefore covered with a CD34+ antibody to attract endothelial progenitor cells to promote endothelial and stent healing, and on the abluminal side releases sirolimus to prevent neointima formation and restenosis. Several preclinical studies in the porcine coronary artery model have shown, that endothelialisation and stent healing are accelerated in the Combo stent. The present study has therefore been designed to compare stent healing of the Combo stent with the everolimus-eluting stent by optical coherence tomography analysis (optical frequency domain imaging; OFDI), a high resolution intracoronary imaging technique allowing accurate evaluation of stent coverage and healing, in patients with an acute coronary syndrome. Previous studies have indicated, that coronary stent healing after DES implantation is particularly impaired in patients with ACS, and therefore this patient population is in a particular need of improved "pro-healing" stent concepts with a high efficacy.

RATIONALE An important limitation of stents eluting only growth-inhibiting substances is, that also the desirable endothelial cell growth over the stent struts is prevented, that is thought to represent a major cause of "late-stent-thrombosis". The rationale for the design of the "combo-stent" is therefore to combine a growth inhibiting substance with abluminal release with an endothelial progenitor cell attracting design to promote endothelial repair. In the pre-clinical studies, the "Combo Stent" demonstrated significantly lower neointimal hyperplasia, while also showing improved endothelial coverage relative to other commercially available DES. There was also a noticeably lower presence of inflammation and foreign body reaction.

OCT- Examination of Vessel Healing Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a novel intravascular imaging modality based on infrared light emission that has a 10-20 fold higher resolution (10-20 µM) as compared to current intravascular ultrasound systems, and allows a detailed examination of stent healing. Strut coverage, strut apposition and neointima can be quantified at a micron-scale level with a resolution 10-20 times higher than conventional intravascular ultrasound. The quantification of stent healing by intravascular OCT analysis has recently been validated against histology, demonstrating an excellent accuracy of the OCT examination. Moreover, the safety and feasibility of OCT examination in a multicenter study has been demonstrated. Newer modalities of OCT image acquisition, as used in this study, have been reported to further simplify the technique and reduce procedural time.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 60
• Est. completion date: January 2014
• Est. primary completion date: August 2012
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Both
• Age group: 18 Years to 80 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria

1. age =18 and = 80 years

2. ST or Non-ST-segment elevation MI (assumed to be a type 1)

3. Acceptable CABG candidate

4. Patient willing to comply with specified follow-up

5. Patient or legally authorized representative has been informed of the nature of the study, agrees to its provisions and has been provided written informed consent

6. Single de novo or non-stented restenotic lesion in a native coronary artery

7. Patients with 2-vessel coronary disease, may have undergone successful treatment (<20% diameter stenosis by visual estimate) of the non-target vessel with approved devices up to and including the index procedure but must be prior to the index target vessel treatment. Any non-target vessel or lesion intended to be treated during the index procedure or follow-up, cannot be an unprotected left main, ostial lesion, chronic total occlusion, heavily calcified, bifurcation, vein grafts, be anything requiring atherectomy, thrombectomy, or pre-treatment with anything other than balloon angioplasty; 8. Target lesion (maximum length is 20 mm by visual estimate) to be covered by a single stent of max 23 mm (stent coverage incl at least 3 mm of healthy vessel is recommended). The lesion length to be measured after pre-dilation

9. Reference vessel diameter =2.5 to = 3.5 mm by visual estimate 10. The vessel diameter should be measured after pre-dilation procedure and after intra-coronary nitroglycerin if spasm is suspected 11. Target lesion =50% and <100% stenosed by visual estimate

Exclusion Criteria

1. Pregnant or nursing patients and those who plan pregnancy in the period up to 1 year following index procedure. Female patients of childbearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test done within 7 days prior to the index procedure per site standard test

2. Impaired renal function or on dialysis

3. Platelet count <100,000 cells/mm3 or >700,000 cells/mm3 or a WBC<3,000 cells/mm3

4. Patient has a history of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy or patients in whom anti-platelet and/or anticoagulant therapy is contraindicated

5. Patient requires low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) treatment postprocedure or has received a dose of LMWH =8 hours prior to index procedure

6. Patient has received any organ transplant or is on a waiting list for any organ transplant;

7. Patient has other medical illness or known history of substance abuse that may cause non-compliance with the protocol, confound the data interpretation or is associated with a limited life expectancy (<1 year)

8. Patient has a known hypersensitivity or contraindication to aspirin, heparin/bivalirudin, clopidogrel/ticlopidine, prasugrel, stainless steel alloy, sirolimus and/or contrast sensitivity that cannot be adequately pre-medicated

9. Patient has previously received murine therapeutic antibodies and exhibited sensitization through the production of Human Anti-Murine Antibodies

10. Patient presents with cardiogenic shock

11. Patient has extensive peripheral vascular disease that precludes safe 6 French sheath insertion;

12. Any significant medical condition which in the Investigator's opinion may interfere with the patient's optimal participation in the study

13. Currently participating in another investigational drug or device study or patient in inclusion in another investigational drug or device study during follow-up

14. Unprotected left main coronary artery disease with =50% stenosis

15. Ostial target lesion(s)

16. Totally occluded target vessel (TIMI flow 0)

17. Calcified target lesion(s) which cannot be successfully predilated

18. Target lesion has excessive tortuosity unsuitable for stent delivery and deployment;

19. Target lesion involving bifurcation with a side branch =2.0 mm in diameter (either stenosis of both main vessel and major side branch or stenosis of just major side branch) that would require intervention of diseased side branch

20. A significant (>50%) stenosis proximal or distal to the target lesion that cannot be covered by same single stent

21. Diffuse distal disease to target lesion with impaired runoff

22. Pre-treatment with devices other than balloon angioplasty

23. Prior stent within 10 mm of target lesion

24. Intervention (PCI or bypass) of any lesion in the target vessel performed within the previous 6 months

25. Intervention (PCI or bypass) of another lesion in a non-target vessel performed within 30 days prior to the index

26. Planned intervention of another lesion (target vessel or non-target vessel) within 30 days.

Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Single Blind (Subject), Primary Purpose: Treatment

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Acute Coronary Syndrome
• Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
• Atherosclerosis
• Coronary Artery Disease
• Coronary Disease
• Myocardial Infarction
• Myocardial Infarction (MI)
• Myocardial Ischemia

Intervention

Device:
• PTCA with stent placement
PTCA with stent placement (Drug Eluting Stent)

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Belgium	OLV Ziekenhuis Aalst	Aalst
Belgium	AZ Middelheim	Antwerp
Finland	Satakunta Central Hospital	Pori
Netherlands	Academisch Medisch Centrum	Amsterdam
Switzerland	University Hospital Zurich	Zurich
United Kingdom	King's College Hospital	London

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
OrbusNeich	Genae associates

Countries where clinical trial is conducted

Belgium,  Finland,  Netherlands,  Switzerland,  United Kingdom, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Percentage of uncovered stent struts per stent at follow-up (OCT)		60 days	Yes
Secondary	Secondary Clinical Endpoint: Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACE)	Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACE)defined as a composite of death, Myocardial Infarction (MI) (Q wave or non-Q wave), emergent coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), or justified target lesion revascularization (TLR) by repeat Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) or Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) at hospital discharge	30, 60, 180, 360, 540 days	Yes
Secondary	Secondary Clinical Endpoint: components of MACE: cardiac death	cardiac death	30, 60, 180, 360, 540 days	Yes
Secondary	Secondary Clinical Endpoints: components of MACE: MI	MI (Q wave or non-Q wave)	30, 60, 180, 360, 540 days	Yes
Secondary	Secondary Clinical Endpoints: components of MACE: CABG or re-PTCA of target lesion	emergent coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), or clinically justified target lesion revascularization (TLR) by repeat PTCA or CABG at hospital discharge	30, 60, 180, 360, 540 days	Yes
Secondary	Secondary Clinical Endpoints: Stent thrombosis	Target vessel stent thrombosis per Academic Research Consortium (ARC) definition	30, 60, 180, 360, 540 days	Yes
Secondary	Secondary OCT Endpoints (1/12)	Percentage of stent strut malapposition	60 days	No
Secondary	Secondary OCT Endpoints (2/12)	Maximum length of segments (mm) with uncovered struts	60 days	No
Secondary	Secondary OCT Endpoints (3/12)	Maximum length of segments (mm) with malapposed struts	60 days	No
Secondary	Secondary OCT Endpoints (4/12)	Maximum malapposition distance (mm)	60 days	No
Secondary	Secondary OCT Endpoints (5/12)	Total malapposition volume	60 days	No
Secondary	Secondary OCT Endpoints (6/12)	Maximal malapposition volume	60 days	No
Secondary	Secondary OCT Endpoints (7/12)	Mean neointimal thickness (NIT)(strut level)	60 days	No
Secondary	Secondary OCT Endpoints (8/12)	Percentage of protruding struts per stent	60 days	No
Secondary	Secondary OCT Endpoints (9/12)	Frequency of Abnormal Intrastent Tissue (AIST)	60 days	No
Secondary	Secondary OCT Endpoints (10/12)	Stent Volume	60 days	No
Secondary	Secondary OCT Endpoints (11/12)	Lumen Volume	60 days	No
Secondary	Secondary OCT Endpoints (12/12)	Neointimal Hyperplasia (NIH) Volume	60 days	No