View clinical trials related to Chronic Disease.
Filter by:Our long-term objective is to reduce the rates and risk of childhood obesity via school-based nutrition and physical activity policies. Using a randomized design, we propose to monitor and evaluate how Connecticut's first-ranked District Wellness Policy, in the New Haven Public School district, is implemented and determine its impact on children's obesogenic behaviors, weight outcomes, and school performance. This study is designed to significantly advance empirical research on school wellness policies and to provide important evidence to guide future interventions in schools and communities - translating science to improved health of the public.
In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the airways of the lungs are narrowed or blocked. Bronchodilators are drugs usually delivered through inhalers which help open up the airways. Tiotropium is a type of bronchodilator drug known as a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA). For a long time tiotropium was the only available LAMA. More recently, a new LAMA called aclidinium has been approved for use in COPD. There are potentially important differences between these two medications that might have an impact on the treatment of COPD patients. In this study we aim to compare the effects of tiotropium and aclidinium in people with COPD. The main comparison will be done using a very sensitive breathing test called impulse oscillometry
People living in rural areas are at increased risk for poor health outcomes due to: long distance to health care facilities, less available health care resources such as primary care and specialty services, transportation problems, higher elderly population, poverty, high uninsured rates and the lack of timely access to new technologies. Called Telehome Care (THC), in the form of equipment in the home, may provide an innovative and potentially cost-effective solution to enhancing chronic disease management services using technology and may influence the reduction in emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations in rural areas. However, telehealth research is still in its infancy, it is not well understood, and is often done without an overarching scientific framework. The provision of in home health monitoring and health education also may be a potential population based health research tool for chronically ill patients. Demonstration of the possible benefits, patient acceptance and satisfaction with THC requires a scientific approach as is used in this study.
This is an early feasibility study to investigate whether transcutaneous electrical stimulation applied to the abdominal wall muscles synchronous with voluntary exhalation can be used to support ventilation and affect hyperinflation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. As part of this study, the effect of a range of stimulation intensities and stimulation timing profiles will be explored.
The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of orally inhaled tiotropium and olodaterol as both a fixed dose combination and a free combination with respect to lung function and ECG parameters
This project addresses the important public health need to reduce ethnic disparities in depression care by pilot testing and refining a culturally tailored, low-cost intervention for improving both depression and general medical outcomes among Latinos in safety net primary care settings. Cuerpo Sano, Mente Sana is a newly developed, lay-led, group self-management intervention that educates and empowers patients in their own health care and has the potential for widespread implementation and sustainability in primary care because it is responsive to patient, provider, and system preferences and needs. After completing an assessment of study clinic sites, we will conduct a pilot test of Cuerpo Sano, Mente Sana with 30 low-income, Spanish-speaking primary care patients. After reviewing pilot findings, we will revise the intervention and study plan, and will conduct a second pilot trial. After reviewing findings from this second trial, we will finalize the intervention and study plan in preparation for larger studies to test Cuerpo Sano, Mente Sana versus other interventions for addressing depression among Latinos in safety net primary care.
Previous studies have demonstrated that resistance training (RT) is beneficial to increase muscle strength, improve functional ability and the ability to rapidly produce force, known as the contractile rate of force development (RFD) in older adults. However, much less research has focused on the effect of RT on the lower extremity muscle strength, contractile RFD and impulse in middle-aged and older people with musculoskeletal conditions, especially for osteoporosis (OP) (or osteopenia) or knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of RT on the lower extremity muscle strength, RFD and impulse in middle-aged and older people with musculoskeletal conditions, especially for OP and knee OA (KOA). The investigators hypothesized that such a training program would lead to induce not only specific muscle strength enhancement but also an increment in contractile RFD and impulse.
This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, 3-way crossover study to evaluate the lung function response to UMEC 62.5 mcg, VI 25 mcg, and UMEC/VI 62.525 mcg, administered once-daily via a novel dry powder inhaler (NDPI) over 14 days in subjects with COPD. The study consisted of Run in Phase (5 to 7 days), Treatment Phase (made up of 3 treatment periods of 14 days each separated by 10 to 14 days Washout Period) and Follow-up Phase (7 to 9 days after completion of final visit or premature discontinuation). Eligible subjects will be randomized to a sequence of UMEC 62.5 mcg, VI 25 mcg, and UMEC/VI 62.5/25 mcg such that all subjects will receive each treatment. Serial spirometry assessments will be conducted on Day 1 and Day 14 and trough spirometry will be conducted on Day 2 and Day 15 of each treatment period. On Day 1 and 14 of each treatment period vital signs will be assessed and adverse event (AE)s will be recorded throughout the total duration of the study (approximately 12 weeks).
The number of studies concerning health related quality of life (HRQL) in children with food allergy is very limited. Only one study to date has compared HRQL of a group of children with food allergy to data published on general population and other chronic diseases. This study concluded to lowest HRQL scores in food allergic children compared to type 1 diabetes mellitus with important impact on scores concerning social activities.
The research activities funded through PAR "Dissemination and Implementation Research in Health" in grant R21NR011112 "Legacy Intervention Family Enactment (LIFE)" have been varied and highly successful. The LIFE project was designed with three primary objectives. Aim 1 was to assess the efficacy of LIFE as delivered by Retired Senior Volunteers (RSVs) on palliative care patients': (a) mood and emotional experience; (b) physical symptom burden; and (c) experience of meaning. Aim 2 was to assess the efficacy of LIFE as delivered by RSVs on one primary family caregiver's: (a) caregiving stress; (b) mood and emotional experience; and (c) experience of positive aspects of caregiving. Aim 3 was to assess the ability of RSVs to deliver LIFE effectively. Although hospice and palliative care social workers frequently use reminiscence and creative activities with their patients 16, such interventions need to be more accessible to patients and families transitioning from community, hospital, and palliative care settings. If hospice or palliative care is not chosen as a treatment option, few means of delivering therapeutic reminiscence-based interventions exist. This represents a significant gap in practice and in the psychosocial palliative care intervention literature. Kazdin and Blase (2011) argue cogently that the community need for mental health services far outstrips the number of providers available to assist those in distress. They call strongly for new intervention delivery modes targeting prevention and treatment to alleviate suffering. Hence, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of retired senior volunteers (RSVs), who are available nationally through the National Senior Corp Program, to deliver a three-session reminiscence and creative activity intervention previously found effective in improving palliative care patient and caregiver outcomes (Allen, 2009; Allen, Hilgeman, Ege, Shuster, & Burgio, 2008). We hypothesized that palliative care patients and their caregivers in the RSV-delivered intervention group would demonstrate improved emotional and spiritual functioning relative to a supportive contact control group. If successful, this mode of treatment delivery (e.g., RSV intervention) would represent a significant step toward translation and greater access at earlier disease stages of therapeutic psychosocial interventions for individuals near the end of life and their family members.