View clinical trials related to Cardiovascular Risk Factor.
Filter by:Previous Icelandic studies regarding prevalence of diabetes have mostly used data from the capital area. Information on the proportion of people at risk at developing T2DM or having undiagnosed T2DM among people living in rural Northern Iceland is unknown. Clinical guidelines recommend that patients with prediabetes (diabetes warning signs) should be referred to a counselling program. The study will evaluate effectiveness of nurse-coordinated Guided Self-Determination (GSD) follow up program toward health promotion, for people at risk of T2DM.
The purpose of this study is to gather information to develop a heart failure screening and prevention program.
Examining the effects of 4 weeks of Citrulline alone or in combination with glutathione on the arterial function of postmenopausal women.
The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) is involved in blood pressure regulation and electrolyte balance. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is a critical regulator of RAAS by cleaving angiotensin (Ang1) to Angiotensin2 (Ang2), which is the most powerful biologically active product of RAAS [1]. In the same context, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) converts Ang2 to Ang (1-7), which is a vasodilator, antithrombotic, and antihypertrophic peptide [2]. ACE2 which is found in many tissues [3] has opposite effects to ACE on the heart, kidneys, and lungs [4]. Many pathological conditions, in particular cardiovascular disease (CVD), have shown a link between a disturbance in ACE/ACE2 ratio and the downregulation of ACE2 levels [5]. Also, ACE/ACE2 has been reported to be higher in moderate to severe chronic heart failure [6] as well as systolic blood pressure [7]. Recently, an elevated ACE/ACE2 ratio is linked to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-COV2 enters target cells by binding of the spike protein to ACE2 and a specific transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) for the spike (S) protein priming, which also leads to downregulation of ACE2 [8]. Down-regulation of ACE2 caused by Coronavirus may have a potential role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 infection. Accordingly, people with a higher ACE/ACE2 ratio may be more at increased risk of worse Covid-19 consequences [9]. On the other hand, omega-3 fatty acids could decrease CVD risk by their anti-inflammatory anti-thrombotic function [10]. A meta-analysis comprising 15,806 patients, showed that omega-3 fatty acids associated with a 30% reduction in fatal myocardial infarction and sudden death, in addition to a 20% reduction in overall mortality [11]. To the best of our knowledge, no clinical trials have evaluated the effect of omega-3 supplementation on serum ACE/ACE2 ratio which is recently ascribed as a potential key in 2019 Covid-19 as well as CVD [5,9].
Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at 2- to 4-fold higher risk of cardiovascular mortality compared with non-diabetic subjects. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death in almost half of diabetic population in Spain. Female patients with T2DM have up to 40% excess risk of CVD compared with men and the causes are still unknown. It is argued that a tight control of cardiovascular risk factors could improve the situation. Hypothesis: The cardiovascular risk factors management in women with T2DM is different than in men with T2DM. Aims: To assess the therapeutic approach of cardiovascular risk factors and the occurrence of cardiovascular events among women in comparison to men with T2DM. Methodology: Observational study based on clinical records of primary health care from T2DM patients in Catalonia (2007-2013). Source: SIDIAP database. Analysis: The two study groups (women and men) will be matched to ensure balance in terms of basal comorbidities and previous cardiovascular disease in order to describe the study group characteristics and to perform a multivariate modeling approach. Applicability and Relevance: This study is intended to serve to identify the points of improvement of the cardiovascular risk factors therapeutic approach in women.
A retrospective observational study was conducted on a cohort of 213 patients referred to the Cardiac Rehabilitation programme of Santa "Caterina" Hospital ("Girona", Spain) following acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We evaluated the long-term control of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in a 3-year period of follow-up.
Individuals who are overweight/obese are more vulnerable to type 2 diabetes (T2D). Current evidence suggests that PA, even without dietary prescription, can be efficacious in preventing T2D. Yet most Americans, especially those who are overweight/obese, are not physically active. Socioenvironmental barriers to physical activity (PA) such as body image concerns and limited access to fitness facilities contribute to the low levels of PA observed in overweight/obese adults. Web-based PA programs have been developed to address these barriers, but the outcomes have been marginal. Qualitative studies suggest that individuals who are overweight/obese prefer PA programs that feature people they can relate to especially in body size, fitness status and age. Previously, the investigators have included these preferences in a technology-based Physical Activity for The Heart (PATH) intervention that leverages open source platforms, such as YouTube, to promote PA in any setting. In this application, the investigators propose to test the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of PATH in promoting PA and reducing cardiometabolic risk in adults who are overweight/obese and at high risk of diabetes. In Aim 1 the investigators will conduct a 12-week randomized clinical trial including 52 adults who are overweight/obese and at high risk of diabetes to assess the feasibility and acceptability of PATH. In Aim 2 investigators will examine the trend in PA and cardiometabolic risk change from baseline to post-intervention. This approach is innovative because it leverages open source technologies to provide low-cost, action-oriented PA resources that match the preferences of adults who are overweight/obese. This contribution will be significant because PATH could offer a convenient, enjoyable and scalable program that features "similar others" to promote PA in overweight/obese adults at high risk of diabetes.
To determine the impact of overcuffing (using a too-large cuff) and undercuffing (using a too-small cuff) on initial BP and average BP measurements when using an automated BP device, overall and stratified by appropriate cuff size To determine if the impact over- or under-cuffing differs based on the following patient characteristics: 1. Hypertensive (≥140/90 based on triplicate measures using appropriately sized cuff) vs. non-hypertensive. 2. Arm circumference (continuous) 3. Obesity status
One of the most common presentations to ED is chest pain, with the rapid rule out of heart attacks in the emergency department being common place. This moves a new onus of responsibility to the ED; the care of long term heart disease. A study conducted locally demonstrated that patient's with a heart attack ruled out felt the 'what next' question is not answered sufficiently at present. The strength of this opportunity is re-enforced by studies suggesting that chest pain presents a teachable moment where patients are more accepting of advice. The study's overarching goal is to improve heart disease care (cardiovascular disease).The early warning signs for heart disease can be detected and treated enabling patients to live longer and healthier lives. This is where it is believed that the Emergency Department (ED) can improve, EDs already collect the vast majority of data required to detect these early warning signs. In the United Kingdom more than 23.8 million attendances were registered last year, and ED is currently underusing a large amount of patient data of potentially great value to the population. The study aims to explore the best way to use this long term heart disease prediction; how to communicate it to patients, who prescribes the necessary medication, who issues lifestyle advice, and who follows it up. The investigators intend to answer these questions with a series of semi-structured interviews. The study will comprise of initial semistructured interviews made up of emergency medicine consultants, general practitioners, nurses, and patients. Then building on the knowledge gained from the initial interviews it is planned to build a prototype care pathway that will be explored in the second set of interviews. Funded by The Royal College of Emergency Medicine Ethical approval by the UK's HRA REC - 19/WA/0312
Patient education in lifestyle changes has a positive effect on health in individuals with cardiovascular (CV) risk. Despite current positive evidence about lifestyle and dietary change in the prevention of CVD, the recommendations are still not consistently and optimally applied to women. The aim of the study was to analyze the effect of an intervention in the form of Cochrane abstract letters on women between 45 to 65 years.