View clinical trials related to Substance-Related Disorders.
Filter by:80 young adult men will complete an initial survey and receive 1 of 2 types of alcohol and sexual health education and information to encourage prevention of alcohol-related problems, HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Participants will then take pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention and complete a daily 5-minute, telephone-based interactive voice response (IVR) assessment of alcohol/substance use, sexual behavior and PrEP taking for 30 days. Medication will all be active PrEP. There is no placebo control in this study. Follow-up will occur after 30-days and 6-months later.
Stress is important for health. As emergency departments (EDs) are often stressful places, a better understanding of the human stress response is important for understanding how and why patients respond as they do when they come to the ED. Since the investigators cannot take up space in the ED for research, the investigators will instead recruit 20 methamphetamine-using participants who are not currently in treatment and 10 healthy adult matched participants to a simulated ED room in the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) Simulation Center. The investigators will have participants perform a stressor task involving public speaking and a simple arithmetic task. The investigators will see if this experiment can be made to be like being in an actual ED by varying what participants speak about in the task. By doing this, the investigators hope to find out several important things: 1) Is a stressor task feasible and acceptable to participants? 2) What does the stress response -- as measured by cortisol and alpha-amylase -- look like in these participants? 3) Does varying what participants talk about make the experiment seem more like an actual ED? 4) Do participants under stress show even mild symptoms of agitation as measured by clinical scales? If so, how often?
In the current study, the investigators aim to understand the role of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in improving executive function across neuropsychiatric populations known to have deficits in this cognitive domain.
The current context of the Covid-19 health crisis leads to an over-solicitation of health systems, with hospital staff in the front line. These personnel are undergoing high levels of stress, an alteration of their life rhythm, but also of their health status and quality of life at work. In addition, night work, through the disruption of circadian rhythms, has consequences on physical and mental health. The more frequent worsening of the condition of certain patients at night increases the burden and responsibilities of night staff. Increasing the use of psychoactive substances (SPAs) can become a solution for managing stress, work rhythms, sleep disorders and their consequences. This self-medication behaviour is not without risks, neither for staff nor for patients. The ALADDIN study is a project made up of 2 waves of questionnaires - one during and the other after the Covid "hospital" crisis - filled in by the hospital night staff of AP-HP. This project will assess the impact of the Covid-19 epidemic on the quality of work life, mental health disorders, post-traumatic stress and substance use of hospital night staff. The main objectives of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of psychoactive substance consumption among the night shift healthcare workers of the AP-HP and to describe the participants' quality of working life. Methods The study is prospective study using an online self-completed questionnaire. The questionnaire was elaborated on the basis of the validated scales ASSIST (Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test), AUDIT-C (Alcohol Use Disorder Test, shortened version) and HAD (for anxiety and depression) and on qualitative interviews conducted among care staff working the night shift. The questionnaire will be completed at t0 (baseline) and 18 months after. This study will provide data on the consumption psychoactive substances by night hospital workers adn their quality of working life. It will also allow us to compare their consumption with the general population, and to describe the risk factors influencing the consumption.
This study is designed to elucidate the role of the orexin neurotransmitter system in sleep disturbance and circadian rhythms of stress that might in turn influence relapse behaviors in persons on medication-assisted treatments (MAT) who are in early recovery from opioid use disorder (OUD). Briefly, the study will enroll recently abstinent OUD patients (N=200) maintained on either extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX), buprenorphine, or methadone. Within each MAT group, participants will be randomized to either suvorexant or placebo. The study is expected to have a 20% treatment attrition rate which will result in N=160 completers in the entire study. Patients will be recruited from and treated at Ashley Addiction Treatment, Addiction Treatment Services at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Man Alive, or community providers.
The investigators will enroll 100 participants using a randomized control trial design to implement and evaluate an individualized opioid taper program supporting rural Primary Care Physicians (PCPs) caring for patients with moderate to severe trauma discharged on opioids. This study will link a trauma center Physician Assistant (PA) with rural PCPs to facilitate pain care and the individualized opioid taper. The investigators seek to improve patient's pain and opioid outcomes and support the PCPs who assume care for these complex patients after hospital discharge. Our long term goal is to provide a service that will help trauma patients as they go back into primary care and into pain- and opioid-free living.
Summary of Study Protocol. This project is designed to test neurobehavioral mechanisms underlying effects of the dual orexin-1/2 receptor antagonist suvorexant on sleep efficiency and opioid abstinence, and whether these outcomes are independent of one another. This will be the first study to investigate whether suvorexant improves outpatient opioid abstinence and sleep efficiency; and whether improving sleep mediates the improved opioid abstinence outcome. 120 participants with opioid use disorder (OUD) will complete this intent-to-treat study.
Current clinical guidelines for medication assisted treatment (MAT) of opioid use disorder (OUD) recommend that treatment include a psychosocial component to help address psychological factors related to addiction. However, a knowledge gap exists regarding the most effective forms of psychosocial intervention and what interventions are most effective for different types of patients. This gap represents a significant barrier to the widespread implementation of effective office-based opioid treatment (OBOT) with buprenorphine, which is important to improving opioid treatment and responding to the critical needs of individuals living with OUD. The overarching goal of this patient-centered research is to address the diverse needs and preferences of OUD patients in regards to psychosocial approaches and to overcome the "one-size-fits-all" strategies that are typically used to treat OUD. Importantly, investigators arrived at this goal, in part, through collaboration and consultation with former patients who have received different types of treatments for OUD. In this manner, patients provided important insight to inform the selection of interventions to be evaluated, patient characteristics that may differentially impact the effects of the interventions, and the patient outcomes to be examined.
The study design is cross-sectional using a self-completion questionnaire in an English speaking multi-ethic population within Leicester and Leicestershire. The study will adopt a convenient and purposive sampling recruitment strategy across a variety of settings within Leicestershire to facilitate recruitment of a wide range of participants.
Substance use and drug related disorders are important public health problems. Alcohol and illicit drug use account for 5.4% of the total burden of disease and the peak has been found in early adulthood (between ages 20 and 30 years). Substance use is one of the leading problems among Chilean adolescents. One out of four 8 th to 12 th graders have smoked cigarettes in the last month. A 35.6% of students (37%, girls; 34.2%, boys) between Year 8 and Year 12 have reported any alcohol use during the last month. It is worrying that a third of 14 years old students report using alcohol in the last month in Chile. Furthermore, two out of three who are using alcohol, report regularly using 5 or more drinks in a row during the last month. Cannabis use among young Chileans has increased in recent years. Today, one out of five students between Year 8 and Year 12 referred cannabis use during the last 30 days. Almost a 20% of students in Year 8 have used cannabis in the last year. Therefore, is urgent to provide evidence-based drug preventive interventions to the Chilean population, specifically to school students, to tackle this problem and reduce the risk for a more dramatic future health scenario. The aim of this study is to develop a culturally appropriate version of the Unplugged program to the Chilean culture, and to test its effectiveness among early adolescents in low-income primary schools in Santiago, Chile. This project involves two stages: first, formative work, where the research team will review, adapt and pilot the Spanish version of the program to Chile; and second, the culturally adapted version of Unplugged program will be tested in a single-blind two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial. At the end of the intervention, investigators expect that students in schools receiving the Chilean version of Unplugged will have a lower proportion of substance use and a lower proportion of students passing from experimental use to regular use of tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis, than in control schools.