View clinical trials related to Plaque, Atherosclerotic.
Filter by:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravascular high-pressure cut balloon catheter compared to cut balloon catheter during PCI, and to support product registration and clinical application.
Air pollution, microplastics and climate change pose serious public health risks. In recent years, air pollution has been associated with an increased risk of morbidity, all-cause mortality, cardio-respiratory-related mortality, and cancer. A growing body of evidence has recently confirmed a direct association between particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 mm (PM2.5), Ozone (O3) and aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons with all-cause mortality irrespective of social context and geographic or economic disparities, suggesting a causal relationship between the two factors. The effects of air and environmental pollutants on public health have been observed also for short-term exposure to rapid increases in particulate matter. High PM 2.5 values have also been associated with a higher rate of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease expressed by high calcium score values, with the elderly, male and diabetic patients being at greater risk. To date, however, the pathophysiological basis of the relationship between air pollutants, and long-term events remains speculative, and there is no evidence that can correlate the concentration of environmental pollutants directly with anatomical-pathological and/or biomolecular alterations. In this study the investigators will assess the presence and the burden of pollutants within the carotid plaques from patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy with pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and electronic microscopy. Plaque stability will be explored trough molecular markers. Participants will be followed up for a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, and all-cause mortality to evaluate whether the presence and the abundance of pollutants are associated with the development of the outcome through adjusted Cox regressions.
The goal of this observational study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of peripheral whole blood transcriptomes analyzed by an artificial intelligence algorithm to detect the presence and extent of coronary calcification in individuals without a history of known cardiovascular disease. The main question it aims to answer is: 1. Will the proposed method predict the presence and extent of coronary artery calcification from the peripheral whole-blood transcriptomes?
The purpose of this study was to compare the results of directional atherectomy with antirestenotic therapy (DAART technique) and angioplasty/Supera stenting for the treatment of popliteal atherectomy lesions.
Patients will undergo intracoronary imaging using combined optical coherence tomography-fluorescence lifetime imaging (OCT-FLIm) during percutaneous coronary intervention, and the obtained imaging data will be used to assess the efficacy of this dual-modal catheter imaging strategy in characterizing high-risk plaque.
The presence of chronic blockage of coronary arteries, which we may accept as the terminal point of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, is closely associated with a poor prognosis. The Discovery of markers that may distinguish patients with a high risk of chronic total occlusion development among patients monitored with the diagnosis of stable coronary artery disease may be important for being able to reduce the increased mortality and morbidity rates. Oxidative stress status may be one of the markers that play a role in and/or show the development of chronic total occlusion. It was reported that it has a role in the progression, erosion, and instability of atherosclerotic plaques in coronary arteries. To the best of our knowledge, the relationship between chronic total occlusion development and oxidative stress status in stable coronary artery disease has not been studied. This study investigated the relationships in the oxidative stress status evaluated over TAS, TOS, OSI, Thiol/Disulfide Homeostasis, and antioxidative vitamin levels and possible differences in patients with noncritical coronary artery disease and those with chronic total occlusion.
Plaque erosion is associated with myocardial infarction (MI) in about 30% of cases and may require a different management approach to plaque rupture. The investigators hypothesise that plaque erosion leads to higher levels of apoptotic circulating endothelial cells (CECs) compared to plaque rupture. Aims: To compare associations between plaque erosion and plaque rupture with numbers and types of apoptotic CECs in patients with non-ST elevation MI (NSTEMI) and stable coronary artery disease controls (CAD). Additional aims are to explore signals of cellular stress (mitochondrial dsDNA), sub-populations of activated neutrophils, circulating endothelial progenitor cells and erosion-specific plasma biomarkers. Methods: Prospective observational study of 80 patients with NSTEMI and 40 patients with stable CAD. Plaque erosion or rupture will be identified by intracoronary Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). CECs and neutrophils will be quantified and characterised using flow cytometry looking at markers of cell death and neutrophil activation. Plasma will be analysed by proteomic methods (Olink) and for mitochondrial dsDNA. Potential importance of findings: This study will provide evidence for the hypothesised mechanism of plaque erosion and clarify if biomarker analysis in NSTEMI patients provides a basis for non-invasive diagnosis of plaque erosion versus rupture.
The aim of the study is to test the effectiveness and safety of the use of lidocaine infusion in multimodal analgesic management. A group of patients undergoing vascular surgery performed with the classic technique on the aorta - with the opening of the abdominal cavity will be enrolled. The population of patients qualified for this type of vascular surgery is usually burdened with multiple diseases, mainly risk factors or cardiovascular diseases, which, combined with hemodynamic fluctuations, large fluid shifts (including bleeding) and stress for the body, affects the risk of serious cardiological complications, which in this group exceeds 5% and is the highest, according to the ESC / ESA (European Society of Cardiology / European Society of Anesthesiology) classification from 2014. Proper postoperative pain control is therefore becoming one of the key pillars of postoperative care in this group of patients. Due to the numerous disease burden of patients and the operational specifics, the use of multimodal therapy in the management of pain is of particular importance, as the use of high doses of opioids improves hemodynamic stability, but at the same time affects the occurrence of side effects - mainly excessive sedation, respiratory disorders, hypoventilation and, consequently, for hypoxia of the heart muscle. The risk of myocardial injury in non-cardiac surgery (MINS) is significant in the light of the available literature. Lidocaine used in intravenous infusion is one of the recommended components of multidirectional analgesia. Its adjuvant properties make it possible to reduce the amount of opioid drugs used, and thus - to reduce the frequency of their side effects. The high effectiveness of such a procedure has been proven in numerous experimental and epidemiological studies. Due to the low frequency of side effects associated with its use, the therapy has a strong recommendation for use in relieving perioperative pain. The analysis of the literature on the subject shows that there is little data assessing effectiveness of lidocaine infusion in relation to the group of patients after surgery on the abdominal aorta.
In this study, investigators plan to test whether Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) treatment leads to an accelerated progression of atherosclerosis in patients with lung cancer. Atherosclerosis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease and these same checkpoints being targeted for cancer are critical negative regulators of atherosclerosis in animal and cellular models. Aortic plaque progression will be compared between cases (on ICI) and controls from pre-ICI to post-ICI among patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Groups will be matched for age, cancer type and stage and cardiovascular risk factors. Traditional markers of cardiovascular (CVD) risk and cancer-specific factors (ICI mono- and combination therapy, number of cycles, occurrence of immune-related adverse events, chest radiation, steroid use) will be associated with the change in aortic plaque volume.
Combination therapy of ezetimibe with a low-dose statin is occasionally used to avoid statin-related side effects in clinical practice among patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. This approach is equivalent to high-dose statin therapy to decrease LDL cholesterol level by >50%, allowing such patients to achieve LDL cholesterol target. However, it remains uncertain whether combination therapy with ezetimibe and low-dose statin verse high-dose statin monotherapy similarily suppress atherosclerotic plaque inflammation. This study is to compare high-dose rosuvastatin versus low-dose rosuvastatin plus ezetimibe on carotid plaque inflammation in patients with acute coronary syndrome using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.