View clinical trials related to Oxidative Stress.
Filter by:BACKGROUND: One couple out of 6 consults for infertility during their sexual life. In 60% of cases a male factor is associated or is the main infertility factor. Inflammatory Syndrome (IS), characterized by the presence of a leukocytospermia is found in 12% of the cases. Leukocyte degranulation causes oxidative stress (OS) through the formation of free radicals attacking the sperm cell functions. HYPOTHESIS: To establish the responsibility of the IS, and OS, in chronicle inflammatory male infertility, the investigators hypothesize that its treatment (as well as its possible cause) must restore or improve the fertilizing capacity of patients sperm. METHODS: This prospective randomized study will test the response to the treatment. The investigators shall measure cellular degradation products due to the OS, thereby certifying that it does have a deleterious effect on sperm cell. Seminal biochemistry will also assess the impact of the syndrome on the genital tract glands and follow its evolution. The patients will be included in the study as soon as the leukocytospermia will be > 0,5*106/ml or as soon as the elastase will be > 500 ng/mL. The examinations will be performed using flow cytometry, CASA (Computer Assisted Semen Analysis). The analysis of sperm morphology will be centralized. Primary endpoint will be a reduction in the percentage of 8OH-dG below 35 %. We anticipate that it should arrive to 20 % of the patients included in the arm treatment by corticosteroid therapy. All in all will thus be needed 50 patients in the group placebo and 50 in the group treated. Secondary endpoint the improvement of the spermatic parameters and the reduction of the fragmentation of the DNA of sperm cells to the treated subjects. All these biological markers will be evaluated 6 month after the treatment: - Fragmentation of the spermatic DNA below 37 % during the follow-up in 6 months - Leukocytospermia and elastase - Seminal biochemistry - Other markers of the inflammatory syndrome and oxidative stress (protein carbonyl, 8OHd-Guanosine) - Possibly the radiological examinations (Ultrasound and MRI of the genital tract) In addition it would allow us to propose a policy of prevention towards acquired post-infectious male infertility.
Insulin is secreted by cells in the pancreas called beta-cells. Beta-cell dysfunction is a critical feature of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). High glucose levels can exacerbate beta-cell dysfunction with oxidative stress proposed as a major mediator of this "glucotoxic" effect. High glucose levels have also been shown to contribute to vascular dysfunction and inflammation and these adverse responses decreased with the use of antioxidants. The hypothesis is that antioxidants improve beta-cell function in individuals with elevated glucose levels by decreasing oxidative stress. In this study the investigators will specifically test whether the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) can improve beta-cell function in individuals with type 2 diabetes by decreasing oxidative stress. This study will be a dose finding study to determine the tolerability of 600 mg versus 1200 mg twice a day of NAC and the effects on beta-cell function, glucose tolerance and oxidative stress markers in persons with type 2 diabetes.
Recently, a new synthetic marker was developed, based on a molecule that is composed of Amino Acids and Linoleic Acid and Neucleic Acid, which is capable of detecting even minor changes of oxidative stress. The investigators would like to assess the usefulness of this marker during positive pressure pneumoperitoneum, during laproscopic surgery, with or without intenstinal resection (ischemia induced by intra-abdominal pressure and vascualr compromise).
The study will determine if increasing the highs and lows of blood glucose levels (glycemic variability) impairs insulin secretion in people with impaired glucose tolerance and/or impaired fasting glucose who are at risk for developing type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, the study will determine whether changes in beta-cell function are associated with glycemic variability and whether they are mediated by oxidative stress. To decrease or increase glycemic variability the study will provide subjects with special diets containing either low or high glycemic index foods respectively for 4 weeks. To determine if oxidative stress is a mediator, subjects on the high glycemic index diet will take either placebo or the anti-oxidant N-acetylcysteine. The study will address the hypothesis that increased glycemic variability results in increased oxidative stress and thereby exacerbates beta-cell dysfunction in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance and/or impaired fasting glucose. The findings may have important implications for the development of effective strategies aimed at the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. In addition, understanding the contribution of dietary glycemic index to beta-cell dysfunction in subjects with pre-diabetes may have a significant public health impact, including changes to dietary counseling and promotion of healthier eating patterns.
Introduction: Non-mechanized sugar cane harvesting preceded by burning, an important and prevalent professional activity of agribusiness segment of the Brazilian economy, exposes workers and people of neighboring towns to high concentrations of pollutants and, therefore, potentially several risks to health hazards. Objectives: Assessing cardiopulmonary impacts and inflammatory markers in sugarcane workers and volunteers from a nearby town in non-harvest and harvest periods.
The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of vildagliptin vs. pioglitazone to oxidative stress on daily blood glucose fluctuations, in patients with type 2 diabetes that was inadequately controlled by metformin.
Gut hypoperfusion - reperfusion injury is an unavoidable event at the end of laparoscopic surgery. It produces oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species). Malondialdehyde have been demonstrated to be a reliable biomarker for the evaluation of oxidative stress in vivo. Propofol (2, 6 - diisopropylphenol), a highly liposoluble anaesthetic, has a potent antioxidant activity against lipid peroxidation in both in vitron and in vivo studies. On the basis of this knowledge, the investigators hypothesized that propofol has preventive effect for gut hypoperfusion - reperfusion induced injury in robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.
Physical exercise has many benefits, although it might also have negative impact on the body, which changes in accordance with training level, length of workout, age of subject and their fitness level. These outcomes are governed by complex biological processes, from which Reactive Oxygen Substances (ROS) are considered the most prominent ones during exercise activity. These substances harm muscle activity, and might cause other health related damage by influencing other pathways that engage with free radicals. Excess of ROS, is expressed as Oxidative Stress (OS), pathogenic process activation and aging. With this in mind, it is important to remember that ROS are essential to the investigators bodies as well, especially in gene regulation. Thus they influence proteins that are important for proper muscle function and the immune system. Physical exercise induces changes in low molecular weight antioxidants, and in antioxidant enzymes. According to results that were published in the literature, no universal conclusion can be made regarding physical exercise effect on antioxidants activity. These contradictions might be attributed to the difference between the methods that were used, and their quality. Paradoxically, physical exercise has the same effect on ROS inducement in skeletal muscle fibers as does not using the muscles for a long period of time (especially as a result of handicap). It is well known that physical exercise effect oxidative stress and antioxidant. Due to the doubts that rise from the literature, the investigators think that it is important to test physical fitness effect on oxidative stress biological markers, using various high quality methods, on the same population. The investigators will test healthy men, 20-35 years of age, none smokers with 6-24% fat, who do not take vitamins or supplements. The men will run on a treadmill for 10 minutes to exhaustion, and blood will be taken before the test, 5 minutes after the test, and an hour after the test (checking recovery).
Consumption of vitamin supplements is a common practice among athletes or people participating in health promoting exercise programs. The reason for this interest in vitamin supplements is primarily because of the observation that enhanced production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) influence fundamental biological processes, such as gene expression, signal transduction and enzyme activity. In a muscle and exercise physiology context, a low level of RONS is required for normal force production, whereas marked increases in RONS can cause contractile dysfunction, resulting in muscle weakness and fatigue. On the other hand RONS are involved in signaling pathways and serve to up-regulate the expression of a number of genes and can exert favorable effects such as training adaptations. The present study will employ a valid eccentric exercise model to examine the influence of combined vitamin C and E supplementation after acute and chronic eccentric exercise on muscle damage and performance, redox status, hemolysis and lipid and lipoprotein profile.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant effect of Plantago asiatica L. extract in subjects with mild hyperlipidemia.