View clinical trials related to Overweight.
Filter by:Monocentric unblinded two parallel-group randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of diet with or without Nordic Walking on weight loss, physical performance and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese population
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition of excessive hepatic lipid accumulation in subjects that consume less than 20g ethanol per day, without other known causes as drugs consumption or toxins exposure. In Western countries, the rate of this disease lies about 30% in the general adult population. The process of developing NAFLD can start from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which eventually can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in the absence of alcohol abuse. Liver biopsy is considered the "gold standard" of steatosis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. However, it is rarely performed because it is an invasive procedure and investigators are focusing in the application of non-invasive liver damage scores for diagnosis. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is multifactorial and triggered by environmental factors such as unbalanced diets and overnutrition as well as by lack of physical activity in the context of a genetic predisposition. Nowadays, the treatment of NAFLD is based on diet and lifestyle modifications. Weight loss, exercise and healthy eating habits are the main tools to fight NAFLD. Nevertheless, there is no a well characterized dietary pattern and further studies are necessary. With this background, the general aim of this project is to increase the knowledge on the influence of nutritional/lifestyle interventions in obese patients with NAFLD, as well as contribute to identify non-invasive biomarkers/scores to early diagnosis of this pathology in future obese people.
The incidence of diabetes mellitus is increasing annually in Asia. It is the leading cause of blindness, chronic renal insufficiency, and amputations, multiplying the risks of heart disease and stroke. Ninety percent of diabetic patients are type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is usually associated with overweight and obese. Single Anastomosis Duodeno-Jejunal Bypass with Sleeve Gastrectomy (SADJB-SG) is a type of bariatric surgery whereby food is bypassed into the distal jejunum, and the duodenum is excluded. Sleeve gastrectomy offers the restrictive component by reducing the capacity of the stomach. In short, this combined technique results in food restriction and malabsorption. A total of 84 patients will be recruited in this study. An equal number of patients will be allocated into two groups. There will be an intensive medical therapy group (IMT) and SADJB-SG group. The patients in IMT group will be subjected to strict adherence to diet, optimization of diabetic medications and close monitoring of blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level. The SADJB-SG group will be undergoing surgery. The variables that will be studied include body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), C- peptide, plasma insulin and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Biochemical markers are important in this research as the development of T2DM involves both multi-organ insulin resistance and inadequate insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells, leading to high blood sugar during fasting and post meal. Other mechanisms proposed in this study are leptin, adipokines, incretins, amino acids, and diabetic dyslipidaemia. The raw data will be analysed using the SPSS statistical software. At the end of the study, the investigator will evaluate and determine the role of SADJB-SG in glycaemic control and BMI in T2DM patients compared to IMT. The investigator hypothesized that there is an improvement in HbA1c level in T2DM patients in SADJB-SG group compare to IMT group.
The aims of this project are: to investigate the impact of VLCD on control of muscle protein synthesis, muscle structure and function, cardiac function (ejection fraction), vascular function (blood flow and capillary function), overall physiology status (cardiopulmonary function) and metabolic status (insulin sensitivity) in overweight and obese middle-aged male with or without exercises. There are 3 groups for the study, to which each participant will be randomly assigned into one of either: 1. VLCD only 2. VLCD with resistance exercise training (RET) 3. VLCD with high intensity interval training (HIIT) The total duration of the intervention is six weeks, with exercises taking place three times per week at the research unit under close supervision by trained staff.
The present 24-week, prospective, open-label, randomized, multicenter, parallel group trial is carried to investigate and evaluate the efficacy and safety of Liraglutide in combination with prandial insulin therapy vs insulin glargine in combination with prandial insulin therapy in overweight / obese patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes.
The investigators hypothesize that compared to the provision of population-based lifestyle advice, providing DNA-based lifestyle advice via personalized nutrigenomics testing (PNT) to two distinct patient populations (Family Health Team patients receiving a lifestyle counselling intervention and transplant recipients) will lead to greater reductions in percent body fat. In addition, it will motivate them to adopt healthier dietary and physical activity habits through changes in attitudes and/or subjective norms and/or behavioural control, lead to greater fat loss (kg), increased percent lean mass and therefore improve health and quality of life outcomes for both patient populations. In addition, it is hypothesized that dietary strategies related to the intake of one or more dietary components of interest will mitigate post-transplant weight gain associated with three SNPs of interest. This is a randomized clinical intervention trial involving a total of four groups of patients (n = 400). The two main patient groups include overweight or obese, stable transplant recipients and overweight or obese patients who are attending group counselling sessions at the East Elgin Family Health Team. Within these two main groups, there will be two sub-groups. Patients will be randomized to receive either PNT or standard nutrition intervention (SNI). Baseline data will be conducted consisting of a food frequency questionnaire and three-day food records using a validated multiple pass method. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) will be conducted to assess body composition and to derive percent body fat and lean mass. Weight and height will be measured using a weigh scale and stadiometer. Attitudes, subjective norms and behavioural control will be assessed using a Theory of Planned Behaviour Questionnaire. Those patients randomized to the PNT group will be instructed on a tailored nutrition care plan and physical activity recommendations based on their individual genetic profile. At the same time, the SNI group will be instructed on general nutrition and physical activity recommendations for weight loss, which include the use of dietary strategies from the standard tool ('Just the Basics') used by registered dietitians for transplant patients and the GLB program for patients attending the East Elgin Family Health Team sessions. Monthly email reminders or phone calls (depending on patient preference) will be sent to transplant recipients as a reminder of their nutrition and physical activity plan. Reminders of nutrition and physical activity goals for the Family Health Team participants are incorporated into the GLB program. Three months, six months and twelve months after baseline data collection and individual nutrition interventions, baseline data will be repeated. After the study is complete, participants in the SNI group will be offered a nutrigenomics report and consultation with a registered dietitian. A paired t-test or repeated measures ANOVA will be used to assess within group change from baseline to each follow-up time point for: BMI, body fat, lean mass, and dietary intake. A repeated measures ANOVA will be used to test between group differences from baseline to each follow-up time point for: BMI, body fat, lean mass, and dietary intake. If significant mean differences are detected, a Tukey's post hoc test will be used to compare differences by group. Statistical significance will be determined by P < 0.05. General linear regression models will be used to assess interactions between each genotype of interest and each dietary component of interest on BMI and body composition from baseline to each follow-up time point.
A clinical study to evaluate pharmacokinetics, metabolomics and biomarker in subjects who are overweight and have liver problems after ursodeoxycholic acid multiple administration
Nowadays, eccentric exercise can be realized in a dynamic way with an ergocycle which permits eccentric (ECC) lower limbs contractions at a defined power output. With this type of ergometer, O2 consumption (VO2) in ECC is three fold lower than in concentric (CON) for the same power output. Consequently, ECC program could be used in chronic disorders with limited capacities, such as obesity. The investigators hypothesis that an eccentric training program, as it will induce higher mechanical constraints, would improve body composition, especially by reducing fat mass. This effect could be explained by an increased rest energy expenditure and a better improvement in biological parameters (particularly lipid profile and insulin-resistance) after ECC training (versus CON training). This study aims to compare the modification of fat mass after an ECC program versus a CON program at the same VO2.. The secondary goal is to assess the physiological mechanisms involved in the modification of body composition.
For women aged between 55 and 65 years weight gain is a major health concern. Obesity is an important risk factor for multiple diseases (e.g. metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiovascular disease), and several studies have shown that the transition to menopause is associated with adverse changes in body composition. In particular, it is common to observe the accumulation of adipose tissue in the abdominal region which is believed to be an important determinant of the increase in cardiovascular risk. The first-line strategy for weight management in overweight / obese subjects is the modification of dietary habits and lifestyle in terms of physical activity. However, nowadays, there is also a growing interest in complementary therapies (i.e. herbal supplements, acupuncture, etc ...) that can be used alone or in combination to achieve more consistent results. In this context, preliminary evidence supports the potential role of some compounds of vegetal origin such as resistant starch, epigallocatechin gallate and chlorogenic acid as adjuvants of dietary therapy for overweight. These nutrients may be an important therapeutic aid for overweight subjects. However, in support of their use, the evidence from good quality trials is limited.
Behavioral lifestyle treatment for obesity produces clinically significant weight loss and corresponding improvements in disease risk and severity when delivered via in-person group and/or individual treatment sessions. Online versions have been developed in order to reduce costs. These programs typically include weekly weight loss lessons and tailored feedback on patients' weight loss progress. However, online programs often produce suboptimal outcomes compared to programs delivered in-person due to insufficient adherence to prescribed behavioral strategies, and a lack of objective methods for behavioral self-monitoring to support adherence. One approach to monitoring and improving adherence involves tracking patients' weight loss progress on a personalized nomogram (i.e., graph). The nomogram is based on a dynamic energy balance equation and depicts the expected weight loss over time if the participant is adherent to a prescribed goal for caloric intake and physical activity. A complementary approach to measuring and intervening on adherence involves the use of mobile technology to monitor eating behavior. The Bite Counter is a wrist-worn device similar to a wristwatch that measures the timing, frequency, rate, and duration of eating events by monitoring the "wrist roll" motion that occurs when food is brought to the mouth. By using mathematical models to "calibrate" the Bite Counter to the weight loss nomogram, it may be possible to identify the optimal number of bites that any given patient should take each day in order to facilitate weight loss. The purpose of the proposed study is to conduct a small randomized controlled trial to test the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of adding weight loss nomograms and the Bite Counter to an established online weight loss program. A sample of 30 participants with overweight/obesity will be randomly assigned in equal proportions to one of three 12-week weight loss programs: (a) online behavioral weight loss treatment alone (OBWL), (b) online behavioral weight loss treatment plus the provision of weight loss nomograms with weekly feedback tailored to the nomogram (OBWL+N), or (c) online behavioral weight loss treatment plus the provision of weight loss nomograms with weekly feedback tailored to the nomogram and provision of a Bite Counter that can be used to alert participants when they are approaching their maximum number of prescribed bites per day (OBWL+N&BC).