View clinical trials related to Overweight.
Filter by:Background of the study: A sedentary lifestyle and obesity are well known risk factors of type 2 diabetes. The major focus of current guidelines for type 2 diabetes prevention is on energy balance. Physical activity guidelines recommend at least 30 minutes/day of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). However, no advice is given how the other 23.5 hours of the day should be spent. Several recent epidemiologic studies suggest that excessive sitting, independent of moderate to vigorous physical activity, has detrimental health effects. Another possibility to sit less is by increasing low intensity physical activities as slowly walking and standing. A recent published study of Duvivier and colleagues suggests that sitting less and replacing it by slowly walking and standing has a better effect on insulin action and cardiovascular risk factors than the combination of one hour MVPA per day and sitting the rest of the day in healthy subjects (Duvivier et al. PLOS ONE 2013). Until now this research is not performed in subjects with overweight/obesity. Objective of the study: To assess the effect of low intensity physical activity on plasma insulin levels, cognition and mood in subjects with overweight/obesity Study population: 21 subjects between 40-80 years old with overweight/obesity Intervention: 2 activity regimes of 4 days: a sitting regime and a "sit less" regime
The purpose of this present study is to determine if a daily walking program of 50 continuous minutes (long bout) or two 25-minute bouts (short bouts) in similar volume on body weight, abdominal fat mass deposition and cardiometabolic measures in overweight and obese women receiving a low calorie diet for 24 weeks.
This research aims to investigate the effectiveness of an automated Simple Message Service (SMS, also known as text messaging) advisor system relative to a proven human advisor program to promote regular, sustained physical activity among inactive, overweight Latinos. The SMS Advisor program represents a potentially lower-cost and high yield alternative to person-delivered health promotion programs that could be more rapidly disseminated with greater and faster uptake.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a serious health condition in overweight children which can lead to heart disease. This project will examine the links between liver health and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese children, and will test the effect of a long-term after-school exercise program. Provision of comprehensive evidence for the benefits of exercise on children's health may reduce barriers to vigorous physical activity programs during a childhood obesity epidemic.
In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, we aim to investigate the effects of a long-term supplementation on insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial function and substrate metabolism in healthy overweight men and women. In each group, 21 subjects consume 100mg Resveratrol (RSV) and 150mg Epigallocatechin-gallate (EGCG), respectively Placebo capsules, twice daily over a period of 12 weeks. The subjects receive the capsules after the last pre-measurement and continue to take them throughout the post-measurements. Before and after the supplementation period, we perform a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp with a glucose-tracer infusion to assess hepatic and systemic insulin sensitivity. Simultaneously, substrate oxidation is measured throughout the clamp by indirect calorimetry. Furthermore, we perform a high-fat mixed meal test, in which we collect blood and measure substrate oxidation during fasted and postprandial conditions. During the meal tests, extra plasma is collected at the start (t=-30) and the end (t=240), of which the supernatant is stored in light-protected tubes (EGCG is mixed 1:1 with an EGCG buffer) for analyzing polyphenol concentrations in the blood. In the male subgroup (21 men), we additionally place each 2 microdialysis probes in the subcutaneous adipose tissue and the gastrocnemius in order to assess local lipolysis and blood flow by means of ethanol infusion. Furthermore, a dexa-scan is performed to assess body composition and biopsies are taken under fasted conditions from the subcutaneous adipose tissue and the quadriceps femoralis muscle. These samples are stored at -80C. Part of the adipose tissue samples is collected to measure adipocyte size. Of the skeletal muscle biopsy, one part is directly buffered and used for the oxygraph to measure mitochondrial function. At last, feces samples are collected before and after the intervention in order to assess energy content, microbial composition and short-chain fatty acid content. Based on previous human studies in our and other departments, we hypothesize that after 12 weeks of the combined polyphenol supplementation, insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial function improve. Furthermore, based on results of a short-term study performed by our group, that demonstrated an increase in energy expenditure, a positive effect on the regulation of body composition might be expected.
Dietary protein is a key element of most effective weight loss regimens. This study will investigate the effects of consuming soy protein on body composition and cardiometabolic health within the context of an effective weight loss and maintenance program called the Colorado Diet.
The overall aim is to provide a detailed description of growth, development and risk factors for later disease, especially obesity and metabolic disease in infants born by obese mothers and to compare them with a group of infants born by mothers without any restriction in prepregnancy BMI (SKOT I).
Dietary calcium seems to act on glycemic control, favoring the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). It is possible that calcium modulates gut microbiota and increase the integrity of the intestinal mucosa. This study aims to evaluate the effects of dietary calcium supplementation in permeability and intestinal microbiota in overweight type 2 diabetics. This is a single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Patients (n=20) with low habitual calcium intake will be allocated in control group (CONTROL) or test group (DAIRY). Hypocaloric diets (restriction of 500 kcal / day) will be prescribed containing 800 mg of calcium from dietary sources / day. During intervention period, a beverage (shake) (CONTROL - without the addition of calcium sources or DAIRY - 700 mg of calcium as milk powder) will be ingested in the laboratory. Food intake, body composition (total body fat and fat free mass) and anthropometric measures (waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, waist-height, neck circumference and sagittal abdominal diameter) will be evaluated at baseline and at the 6th and 12th weeks. Physical activity level, gut permeability, gut microbiota, and biochemical parameters (parathyroid hormone, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D, calcium, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, fructosamine, hemoglobin, HbA1c, uric acid, triglycerides, cholesterol total and partial, lipopolysaccharide, inflammatory markers) will be evaluated at baseline and after 12 weeks. The statistical analysis will be performed with the use of SPSS software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, 2008, version 17.0). Parametric or non-parametric tests will be applied, according to the distribution of variables (level of statistical significance of 5%).
The purpose of this study is to determine the type of macronutrient (carbohydrate, lipid or protein) that most potently stimulates the endogen secretion of different gut hormones (primary outcome = Glucagon-Like peptide-1) in gastric bypass operated patients. The study also includes a comparison of the secretion of gut hormones after oral intake of lipid with or without a pancreatic lipase inhibitor.
The major goal of this project is to evaluate an innovative approach to obesity. This study will determine if behavioral treatment can be improved by 1) implementing a primary focus on PA following initial weight loss treatment, and 2) using a novel, acceptance-based approach to the promotion of PA.