View clinical trials related to Lung Diseases.
Filter by:This study compares the effectiveness of two different approaches to advance care planning among older African Americans and older Whites living in the community. The two approaches are a structured approach with an advance care planning conversation led by a trained person using Respecting Choices (First Steps) and a patient-driven approach which includes a Five Wishes advance care planning form written in plain language. The study will determine which approach is more effective at increasing advance care planning within each racial group and reducing differences between the two groups in advance care planning.
The main aim of this study is to gain an in-depth knowledge of cardiopulmonary and autonomic health consequences, and related risk factors among people with long-term high-level spinal cord injury. The result of this study will form the basis for further research to improve prevention strategies and risk prediction of cardiopulmonary disorders in people with spinal cord injury.
The aim of this clinical trial is to evaluate, the effects of inspiratory muscle training program in inspiratory muscle function, functional capacity, quality of life, lung function, breathing pattern and chest wall motion in patients with advanced lung disease. Patients were evaluated before the inspiratory muscle training, after 8 weeks of training and at follow-up which was performed 3 months after the end of the intervention.
Patients suffering chronic hypercapnic respiratory insufficiency (e.g. in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity hypoventilation syndrome) benefit from home mechanical ventilation. These patients are complex; and the ventilator´s parameters should be set-up according to the underlying disease and particular patient's characteristics. The non-invasive ventilation therapy is mostly titrated while the patient is awake, hence Problems, such as Patient-Ventilator asynchrony, arising while sleeping on the ventilator therapy would remain undetected. Sleep studies, such as polysomnography or polygraphy and transcutaneous carbon dioxide monitoring could be valuable tools to fine-tune the ventilator's settings. This could foster the ventilator´s effectivity and patient satisfaction, thus therapy's adherence. Nevertheless the sleep studies are expensive, time-consuming and not widely available. The aim of this study is to learn the findings of sleep studies when they are performed on stable patients on home mechanical ventilation as part of their routine check-ups. In this context, it will be assessed whether the sleep studies' findings lead to a change (adjustment) of the ventilator´s therapy. Moreover, this study aims to investigate whether the absence of sleep studies would result in missing important events that require an adjustment of therapy. The results of this study could provide information that lead to a more standardized protocol of follow-up checks of patients on home mechanical ventilation in a cost-effective manner.
Transbronchial cryobiopsy carries a higher chance of establishing pathological diagnosis in diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD) than traditional transbronchial forceps guided biopsy. It is a novel technique capable of obtaining large, high-quality samples of lung tissue in a minimally invasive manner. This procedure may decrease the need for surgical lung biopsy in 75% of cases. However, there is an increased risk of pneumothorax and airway bleeding compared to traditional transbronchial forceps guided biopsy. Several strategies are used by practitioners of this technique to mitigate the risks of significant bleeding and pneumothorax. These include prophylactic placement of an endobronchial blocker, the use of fluoroscopy guidance, instillation of cold saline to promote vasoconstriction, and establishment of a secure airway with endotracheal tube placement or rigid bronchoscopy . Vanderbilt University Medical Center is one of the most active centers in terms of cryobiopsies performed as part of the diagnostic workup of DPLD. Currently all transbronchial cryobiopsies here are performed under fluoroscopic guidance, with endotracheal tube intubation and endobronchial blocker placement. Despite these precautions, post biopsy bleeding complications occur and can substantially lengthen the duration of the procedure and occasionally expose patients to procedural complications. Radial ultrasound has been well utilized to define anatomy of peripheral lung and localization of peripheral pulmonary nodules. We postulate that using radial ultrasound to identify peribronchial lung parenchyma with low vascularity will mitigate the risk of hemorrhage during peripheral lung cryobiopsy in patients with DPLD and hence improve patient safety.
The aim of this study is to identify whether actively induced dynamic hyperinflation can cause left-ventricular diastolic dysfunction in healthy male subjects in order to explore the mechanisms of developing cardiac dysfunctions in patients with COPD.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation. The patients are suffering dyspnea year by year, resulting in the decreased exercise tolerance and quality of life. Patients with COPD often have both inspiratory muscles and expiratory muscle dysfunction. Respiratory muscle training was one of the widely used pulmonary rehabilitation method in COPD patients. Respiratory muscle training include inspiratory training ,expiratory training and concurrent inspiratory and expiratory muscle training . Both of the training methods are effective. However, the effects of these different types of respiratory muscle training method on the respiratory physiology and neural respiratory drive of COPD are still unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the different effects of these respiratory muscle training methods on respiratory mechanics and central drive in COPD patients. Besides,the effect of the different respiratory muscle training methods was compared between patients with and without respiratory muscle weakness.
The primary objective of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy of inhaled treprostinil compared to placebo in improving exercise ability as measured by change from baseline in 6-Minute Walk Distance (6MWD) following 12 weeks of active treatment in participants with PH-COPD.
To demonstrate differences in tidal breathing patterns measured by SLP(Structured Light Plethysmography) between healthy subjects and COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). The correlation between SLP parameters and standard lung function parameters measured by body box and spirometry will also be assessed. Trends in SLP breathing patterns between the different GOLD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) stages of COPD, and between those and healthy subjects, will be investigated to assess whether SLP can detect differences between groups.
The SWIFT trial is a cluster randomised trial to determine if a patient identification, feedback and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) withdrawal intervention in primary care can result in more appropriate inhaled corticosteroid use without increasing the frequency of exacerbations. Practices in Tayside and Fife will be randomised at practice level to an intervention or control. The intervention will consist of electronic review of patients Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) data and prescribing history, followed by implementation of a medication change involving withdrawal of ICS and introduction of a Long acting beta adrenergic agonist (LABA) and Long acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) for patients without an indication for ongoing ICS treatment. Patients in control practices will not receive the intervention, but practices will be provided with local guidelines and formulary and encouraged to prescribe appropriately. Patients in the control practices may be switched to guideline compliant medications. Our hypothesis is that removal of non-evidence barriers to appropriate prescribing will result in in high rates of ICS withdrawal and that the intervention will be safe, as evidenced by no increase in the frequency of exacerbations over 12 months of follow-up.