View clinical trials related to Insulin Resistance.
Filter by:This is a pilot study to show that it is possible to identify the specific types of fats in blood, adipose tissue, and liver tissue. The study doctors hope to use the analysis of these fats to learn more about nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NFLD). Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the accumulation of fat in the liver of people who have minimal alcohol exposure. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is associated with obesity and insulin resistance, and predicts development of Type 2 Diabetes. The study doctors are interested in looking at the relationship between liver fat and insulin resistance.
The purpose of this protocol is to measure and compare levels of the circulating protein adiponectin and adiponectin's association with insulin sensitivity in Mexican Americans and non-Latino white subjects. The investigators also aimed to examine associations between nutritional factors and adiponectin levels.
The purpose of this study is to help understand the benefits of eating food supplemented with fiber in the form of sugarcane bagasse (the leftover fiber after cane juice is extracted) on glucose metabolism and body weight.
Genomics research is advancing rapidly, and links between genes and obesity continue to be discovered and better defined. A growing number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in multiple genes have been shown to alter an individual's response to dietary macronutrient composition. Based on prior genetic studies evaluating the body's physiological responses to dietary carbohydrates or fats, the investigators identified multi-locus genotype patterns with SNPs from three genes (FABP2, PPARG, and ADRB2): a low carbohydrate-responsive genotype (LCG) and a low fat-responsive genotype (LFG). In a preliminary, retrospective study (using the A TO Z weight loss study data), the investigators observed a 3-fold difference in 12-month weight loss for initially overweight women who were determined to have been appropriately matched vs. mismatched to a low carbohydrate (Low Carb) or low fat (Low Fat) diet based on their multi-locus genotype pattern. The primary objective of this study is to confirm and expand on the preliminary results and determine if weight loss success can be increased if the dietary approach (Low Carb vs. Low Fat) is appropriately matched to an individual' s genetic predisposition (Low Carb Genotype vs. Low Fat Genotype) toward those diets.
This study investigates fat distribution in people with acromegaly. The investigator is also investigating the change of fat distribution before and after treatment of acromegaly. The investigator will compare the results of people with acromegaly to the results of healthy volunteers.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether the postoperative insulin resistance and cytokine release would be attenuated in laparoscopic compared with open liver resection.
Background: - Rates of diabetes and heart disease in women are increasing. Early recognition of risk could help women live longer and healthier lives. Race and ethnicity may affect the best kinds of tests to use to screen for these conditions. Researchers want to compare risk factors for diabetes and heart disease in African, African-American, and white women. Doing so may help identify the most effective screening test for each group. This study will look at healthy African, African-American, and white women who are federal employees and contractors. Objectives: - To study risk factors for diabetes and heart disease in African, African-American, and white women. Eligibility: - Healthy African, African-American, and white women between 30 and 65 years of age who are federal employees or contractors. - For this study, African women must be born in Africa and have immigrated to the United States, and report that both parents are Africans. African-American women must self-identify as African-Americans, born in the United States, and have parents who both self-identify as African-American born in the United States. White women must self-identify as white and have parents who also self-identify as white. Design: - Participants will have four visits to study their risk factors for diabetes and heart disease. - The first visit is a screening visit. Participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. Blood and urine samples will be collected. They will also have an EKG test. Participants will also be shown how to fill out a 3-Day Food Record and wear an activity monitor called an accelerometer. The food record will keep track of how much participants eat for 3 consecutive days, including 1 non-working day. The accelerometer device will be worn for 3 days to monitor movement. - At the second visit, participants will have blood tests, an oral glucose tolerance test, and body fat measurements. They will also fill out questionnaires, review the food record, and have two imaging studies. - At the third visit, participants will have a longer glucose tolerance test. During the test, participants will receive both glucose and insulin and blood samples will be collected over several hours. Participants will receive lunch at the clinical center after the test. - At the fourth visit, participants will have a meal test. They will fast for 12 hours before the test. Participants will eat a specific meal and have blood samples taken during and after they eat. - Participants will discuss the results of these tests with the study doctors.
The overall objective of this project is to thoroughly investigate the effects of diet-induced weight loss in the absence of or in combination with exercise on skeletal muscle IR, energy metabolism and function. These studies will significantly improve our understanding of the fundamental biochemical and molecular factors linking intervention-induced changes in mitochondria, oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, IR, and loss of muscle function in aging humans.
To explore whether obese adolescents with insulin resistance and relative low leptin levels exhibit functional alterations of the neuronal circuits involved in the regulation of energy metabolism and food seeking behaviors. We here propose to test the hypothesis that the reward circuitry is dysregulated in obese adolescents and is related to the degree of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia.
This study aims to test the following hypothesis in healthy lean young men: - There are differences in glycemic response (GR) and insulin response (IR) between Chinese, Malay and Asian-Indian - There are differences in GI values to the same food between ethnic groups - There are ethnic differences postprandial GR and IR for high vs low GI foods - Mastication, salivary amylase activity, gastric emptying rate and gut microbiota composition influences inter-individual glycemic and insulinemic variability - Ethnic differences in mastication, salivary amylase activity, gastric emptying rate and gut microbiota composition determines the inter-ethnic glycemic and insulinemic variability