View clinical trials related to Insulin Resistance.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to test the effect of increasing the body pH acutely with an alkaline medication (sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3, sodibic) on glucose metabolism post meal in non diabetic subjects with normal renal function. The investigators aim to determine whether there is an acute reduction in venous blood pH following a typical Western-style (high acid load) breakfast in healthy men and women, and whether this effect is attenuated by the concurrent administration of an alkaline medication. The effect on glucose metabolism, hunger/satiety and arterial stiffness post meal will be assessed.
Background: Calorie restriction increases longevity in many species and attenuate the development of chronic disorders including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. In mice reduced activity of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and/or insulin is associated with extended longevity. Growth hormone (GH) is the main regulator of IGF-I production, but the molecular mechanism whereby GH switches from IGF-I stimulation (protein anabolism) to fatty acid oxidation (fatty acid catabolism) as well as induction of insulin resistance during fasting remains enigmatic. Hypotheses: The changes of the global set of metabolites, induction of insulin resistance, and the shift in metabolism from protein anabolism to lipolysis together with the potentially favorable effect of calorie restriction during fasting depend on preserved fasting-induced GH secretion. Aim: The investigators wish to provide knowledge on changes in metabolites and shift in signaling pathways that take place at the transition to the fasting state among healthy overweight and obese subjects. Furthermore the investigators wish to determine the effect of GH on the adaption of the metabolism to a fasting state.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of dietary exposure to artificial sweeteners on taste sensitivity, preference and brain response in adolescents using fMRI, psychophysical measures, and questionnaires. The investigators hypothesize that dietary exposure to artificial sweeteners (sucralose) will decrease sensitivity to taste, shift preference of sweet and savory taste to a higher dose, and reduce brain response in amygdala to sweet taste compared to sucrose.
The objectives of this randomized controlled trial are to compare insulin sensitivity following true acupuncture + placebo metformin (Group 1) vs sham acupuncture + placebo metformin (Group 2) vs sham acupuncture + metformin (Group 3) in women with PCOS and IR.
The aim of the study is to investigate whether preoperative interventions such as carbohydrate drinks, Dichloroacetate and exercise would inhibit or reverse the changes in molecular mechanisms regulating muscle carbohydrate oxidation and postoperative muscle insulin resistance in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery.
Research in animals and first experiments in humans indicate that insulin action in the brain regulates peripheral insulin sensitivity. One major organ might be the liver. Previous studies in humans showed that the human brain is an insulin sensitive organ in lean but not in overweight/obese persons. Therefore, this study will include lean versus overweight/obese persons. In this study, insulin action will be introduced by intranasal insulin administration in lean and overweight humans. As a control, placebo spray will be administered. To mimick the known spill over of small amounts of intranasal insulin into circulation, a small bolus of insulin will be administered over 15 minutes following placebo spray application. Peripheral insulin sensitivity will be assessed by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic glucose clamp and glucose uptake and endogenous glucose production will be assessed by tracer dilution technique. Autonomous nervous system activity will be addressed by heart rate variability. Involved brain areas will be addressed by fMRI before and after nasal insulin application.
The aim of this study is to evaluate plasma adiponectin level, insulin resistance, cardiovascular risk and their correlation (if any) in patients with hypothyroidism and also to investigate the effect of levothyroxine on these parameters. The study may explore the lacunae in present treatment protocol and can suggest the possibilities of add-on therapies for a better management.
This study compares the effects of a one-month diet high in saturated fat (SF), glycemic index (GI), and salt (Na+) to a diet low in these nutritional parameters on memory and other cognitive functions, on MRI measures of brain structure, function, and perfusion, as well as on blood and cerebrospinal fluid levels of amyloid-beta (Aβ), insulin, lipids (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, oxidized LDL, and triglycerides), cytokines, apolipoprotein E (ApoE), apolipoprotein J, cortisol, soluble low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (sLRP), and glucose in middle-aged adults (45-65 years of age) with normal cognition or mild cognitive impairment.
Background: - Insulin removes sugar from the blood to use for energy. Insulin resistance means that cells may not respond to insulin normally. It can lead to serious diseases. Researchers want to see how diet affects insulin resistance, weight, and brain chemicals related to Alzheimer s disease. Objectives: - To compare two forms of diet and their effects on insulin resistance and the brain. Eligibility: - Women ages 55 70 with insulin resistance. Design: - This study requires 6 clinic visits over 9 12 weeks. Participants must fast before visits. - Visit 1, screening: - Medical history, physical exam, and blood and urine tests. - Participants will get a wrist device to wear for 4 days. - Visit 2: - Weight and waist measurement. - Blood drawn. - Questionnaires and thinking tests. - Lumbar puncture. Skin will be numbed and a needle inserted between bones in the back will remove <TAB>fluid. - Participants will drink a nutrition shake. Blood will be taken 12 times over 4 <TAB>hours through a thin tube in <TAB>the arm. - Brain MRI. Participants will lie on a table that slides in and out of a cylinder in a strong magnetic field. <TAB>They will have a coil on their head and may do tasks. - Participants will get advice about healthy eating and be randomly put in one of 2 groups. One group will get <TAB>nutrition shakes to drink. - Visits 3 5: - Weight and waist measurements, vital signs, blood draw, and questionnaires. - Between visits, participants will get a call or email to check how they are doing. - Visit 6: Repeat of visit 1. - Participants will wear the wrist device for 4 more days, have a follow-up contact, then the study is finished.
The purpose of the study is to develop a culturally adapted intervention (CAI) program to improve weight and physical activity in overweight or obese adult Latinos at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to rigorously evaluate the effectiveness and implementation potential of the CAI program.