View clinical trials related to Exercise Training.
Filter by:The current project utilizes a single-blinded, double arm, 6-month randomized controlled trial to assess the effects of a multi-domain exercise program on memory performance, as well as cortical activities during the memory tasks in cognitively intact adults (i.e., 45-70 years). In addition, the potential moderator role of apolipoprotein epsilon-4 (ApoE e4) status and the mediator role of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) will be explored.
B-alanine supplementation is highly efficient in increasing intramuscular carnosine content, leading to improved physical performance, especially in high-intensity exercises (HIIE). It seems that exercise per se can modulate carnosine content; however, it remains uncertain whether physical training or training status can influence B-alanine supplementation responses. Thus, this work aims to assess whether HIIE can increase B-alanine uptake by peripheral tissues and, more specifically, skeletal muscle and increase intramuscular carnosine synthesis. The volunteers will be evaluated in two conditions: intake of B-alanine + exercise (B-EX) and B-alanine intake only (B-Ala). This process will be divided into two blocks of six days (Thursday to Thursday - without the weekend) with a 4-6 weeks washout. In the B-EX block, a 20-minute HIIE session will be held. In the B-Ala block, the same procedures will be adopted for the B-EX block, with the replacement of the HIIE for 20 minutes of rest sitting on the cycle ergometer. We will evaluate the determination of muscle B-alanine, plasma, and urine, the gene expression of carnosine-related enzymes and transporters, the enzymes Carnosine Synthase 1 (CARNS1), carnosine dipeptidase 2 (CN2), taurine transporter (TauT), PAT1, and phosphorylated Na + / K + / ATPase. The hypotheses are: 1) acute physical exercise increases the uptake of B-alanine by the skeletal muscle; 2) this effect is mediated by the increased activity of the Na + / K + / ATPase pump; 3) this effect, when repeated over five training sessions, results in observable increases in β-alanine → carnosine conversion in skeletal muscle.
To analyze the effects of altering the time of ingestion of participants' habitual medication (i.e., metformin, statins, ARAII/IACE) and meals around the time of exercise training (exercise fasted or fed) on the improvement of metabolic syndrome factors (hypertension, insulin sensitivity, dyslipidemia, and obesity). There will be a preliminary study of the effects of training "time-of-day" on the primary study outcomes.
The purpose of this study is to determine if a virtual reality training of foot placement with or without visual cues about the location of the foot in the environment would improve locomotion-related function in persons in the chronic stage of stroke. Participants were randomly assigned to receive twice per week, for a total of 2 weeks' training with visual cues (control group) or without (experimental group). It was hypothesized that the experimental group would be able to place the foot closer to the target when stepping and have more symmetrical gait. So far, 22 stroke patients completed the experiment. Preliminary results support the hypothesis. This project is still ongoing.
In this research, a unique "Exergame" has been developed and is being tested. The Exergame consists of unique Virtual Reality Cognitive Training (VRCT) games combined with concurrent cycling on a recumbent stationary cycle. The Exergame seamlessly integrates specific cognitive tasks into a virtual environment and is synchronized with cycling to promote cognition. Cycling through an interesting virtual environment will motivate and engage the older adult to participate in the exercise, and VRCT could augment cycling's effects on cognition. A further innovation is that the Exergame has been developed as both an Apple TV and iPAD application, making it widely accessible and available. It will provide a low-cost VRCT Exergame option that currently does not exist, one that is affordable and compatible with almost any stationary cycle. This project is significant because treatment that delays the onset of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) by five years could save the U.S. economy an estimated $89 billion by 2030 and no drugs can yet prevent, cure, or even slow AD. Aerobic exercise and cognitive training are two such promising interventions. Emerging mechanistic studies further suggest that the two interventions together may have a synergistic, superior cognitive effect than either intervention alone. The purpose of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of the Exergame intervention on cognition. An RCT is planned in which subjects are randomized on a 2:1:1 allocation ratio to 3 parallel groups (exergame:cycling only:attention control). Mixed methods will be used to assess outcomes in both phases.
Although there is increasing evidence that low physical fitness is a risk factor for many non-communicable diseases, the early identification of subjects at risk remains inadequate due to the absence of clear anamnestic and clinical criteria. Defining physical fitness. For the same reason, the monitoring of subjects following lifestyle interventions remains suboptimal. The aim of this study is to develop a simple field tool to non-invasively assess global physical fitness in overweight patients participating to a physical activity program. Male and female overweight subjects referred to a physical activity intervention by their primary care physician will be included. Within this program, they will take part to 2 weekly supervised activity sessions during which participants will be instructed by a specialist in adapted physical activity, and 2-3 weekly session of unsupervised physical activity which will be performed according to detailed instructions regarding intensity and duration. In addition, participants will take part to teaching sessions in group of 4-6 patients, addressing the effects of physical activity on metabolism, contra-indications to physical activity, self-monitoring of exercise, and prevention of injuries Their physical fitness will be assessed at inclusion (ie before starting the exercise program) and at the end of the 3-month program. This will be done by calculating a Global Fitness Score (GFS) based on performances attained and cardiovascular responses observed during physical exercises (3 min step test with measurement of heart rate and blood pressure, number of time subject can stand from a chair within 1 min., handgrip strength measure, "reach-test" to assess osteo-articular mobility of back and hips, balance test). Results obtained from this GFS will be compared to maximal power output calculated from a submaximal spirometry at 25, 50, 75 and 100 W M.
Diabetes has become a widespread epidemic, primarily because of the increasing prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D is a significant cause of premature mortality and morbidity related to cardiovascular disease, blindness, kidney and nerve disease, and amputation. Physical activity improves blood glucose control and can prevent or delay T2D, along with positively affecting lipids, blood pressure, cardiovascular events, mortality, and quality of life. At present, although physical activity is a key element in the prevention and management of T2D, the most effective exercise strategy (intensity, duration, and type of exercise) for improving glucose control and reducing cardiometabolic risk in type 2 diabetes has not been defined. Studies with Light-Emitting Diode (LED) therapy have demonstrated its ability to promote pain relief, improve muscle and cardiopulmonary performance, minimize muscle fatigue, and stimulate wound healing. In relation to patients with T2D, who have prolonged conditions of hyperglycemia, studies to investigate the impact of photobiomodulation associated with physical training have not been found so far. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of different types of physical training associated with Light-Emitting Diode (LED) therapy on cardiometabolic status and quality of life in patients with T2D.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is highly prevalent in women resulting in 398,086 deaths annually. Even as women participate in traditional CR programs, data specificity and subsequent research have yet to emerge in a meaningful way so that women-centered CR can be better customized and their outcomes properly assessed. Aerobic fitness is a powerful predictor of prognosis in individuals with CVD yet there is evidence that women do not improve their peak VO2 as much as men during CR. We have designed a training program for women based upon past research with a goal of optimizing their training potential in CR. This program combines the utilization of a training technique termed high intensity interval training along with specific strength training exercises of the upper legs. We hypothesize that women, irrespective of age, would be capable of high intensity interval training to improve peak aerobic capacity in the CR setting. Furthermore, since women often have a deficit of thigh strength entering CR, and thigh strength correlates with endurance walking,strength training will also be included. The purpose of this study is to examine the value of high intensity interval training and strength training to maximize aerobic training response in CR for women. This may contribute to establishing specific protocols and training guidelines for future program design for women in CR. Since a set of comprehensive CR guidelines pertaining to women is lacking, it is hoped that the results of this study will help us develop exercise protocols and regimen to better structure and modulate CR programs for optimal benefit to women.