View clinical trials related to Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2.
Filter by:The objectives are to compare the results of the Gastric By-Pass (GBP) to that of optimized medical therapy in patients with obesity and poorly controlled type 2 diabetes in terms of mortality, weight loss, glycemic control, quality of life, cost, cost-effectiveness and cost utility of these two strategies.
Type 1 Diabetes is a multifactorial disease, with a strong genetic contribution of HLA genes, and minor contributions of many additional genes. The investigators hypothesis is that in addition to multifactorial inheritance, there are subtypes of diabetes that are caused by defects in single genes (monogenic diabetes). The aim of this project is to identify these genes, based on detailed clinical and characterization of patients, and to describe the corresponding genetic diabetes entities with respect to the genetic and molecular defect, clinical features and biochemistry. Based on the investigators study design, most of these diabetes entities will be caused by mutations affecting the two copies of the corresponding gene. In addition, the investigators will study the relatives of the patients, and explore if carriers of these genetic defects (i.e. only one copy of the gene being defective) may have a predisposition to common forms of diabetes, mainly type 2 diabetes.
The purpose of this study is: 1. To explore to what extent insulin sensitivity, energy metabolism and ectopic lipid storage can be improved by bariatric surgery 2. To explore to what extent hepatic and muscular disorders of energy metabolism occur in patients with obesity (degree 2-3) 3. To explore whether the steato liver occurring in patients with obesity (degree 2-3) is associated with the degree of liver inflammation
Abstract Diabetes mellitus and periodontal diseases are both chronic inflammatory disorders that have a major impact on the health and well being of millions of individuals worldwide. Periodontal diseases are among the most common diseases in humans, therefore, if the presence of periodontal diseases plays any role in overall systemic health, the public health impact may be substantial. An important factor that can be involved in the progression of the periodontal disease is the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). The imbalance between oxidative stress induced by ROS and the concentrations (or activity) of the antioxidant may result in tissue damage. The ROS induce the activity of lipid peroxidation-Tbars, myeloperoxidase (MPO), peroxidase and arginase, whose mechanisms reflect the severity of the periodontal disease and it may offer the basis for a patient specific diagnostic test for periodontitis and could have therapeutic significance. The aim of this study is to investigate quantitatively the levels of oxidative stress markers (Myeloperoxidase, Peroxidase, Lipid Peroxidation and Arginase) in saliva and in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of diabetes type 2 subjects with generalized chronic periodontitis and periodontally healthy individuals, and systematically healthy individuals with generalized chronic periodontitis and periodontally healthy individuals, before and after periodontal treatment. Unstimulated whole saliva will be collected for 5 min as well as GCF of 25 diabetes type 2 with generalized chronic periodontitis, 25 diabetes type 2 periodontally healthy individuals as controls, 25 systematically healthy individuals with generalized chronic periodontitis and 25 periodontally healthy individuals before and after treatment. The following clinical parameters will be evaluated: probing pocket depth, probing attachment level, plaque index and the gingival index. The activity of stress markers in saliva and GFC will be analyzed by spectrophotometry. Adequate statistical analysis will be carried out with a p-value set at p < 0.05.
The self-monitoring of capillary blood glucose is part of the package of interventions in diabetes mellitus and an effective therapeutic strategy for the adequate control of the disease; and the continuing education of people with DM is recognized as one of the goals to delay the complications arising from chronic disease and alleviate the symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.
Single-Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal Bypass with Sleeve Gastrectomy is a modified and simplified duodenal switch. It is performed on morbid obese patients and severe T2DM patients with obesity, and a proper weight loss is expected as well as a decrease in the cardiac risk and a remission of T2DM. A lower complication rate than for duodenal switch is expected.
Primary Objective: The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of a specific frequency of Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) on glycemic control and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes and who are in stable good glycemic control and using 1 insulin injection daily. The research question is: Does a less intensive frequency of SMBG in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes, who are in stable good glycemic control, using 1 insulin injection daily, lead to a clinically relevant increase of HbA1c (an increase of 0.5%) and what is the effect on quality of life? Secondary objectives: The secondary objectives is to investigate the effect of a specific frequency of SMBG on the number of hypo and hyper glycaemia, number of extra diabetes-related contacts with the health care provider, and the diabetes medication.
Exercise is an important part of a healthy lifestyle, and many people with Type 1 Diabetes like to take part in regular sport and exercise. The majority of people with Type 1 Diabetes are treated with a "basal bolus" insulin regimen, with background insulin provided by long-acting "basal" insulin doses, and "bolus" doses of short-acting insulin used to accompany food intake. Evidence shows that the main factor preventing people with diabetes from pursuing a more active lifestyle is fear of low blood glucose (hypoglycaemia). A previous study has shown that the type of background insulin affects the likelihood of an individual suffering hypoglycaemia during exercise and for 2 and a half hours afterwards. The aim of this study is to examine this further. The two most commonly used long-acting insulins, insulin glargine and insulin detemir, will be compared. Previous data suggests that there is a greater likelihood of hypoglycaemia with insulin glargine than insulin detemir. Exercise intensity can have an influence on the likelihood of hypoglycaemia, and in this previous study exercise intensity was measured using heart rate. This study will use a more formal definition of exercise intensity. The investigators will study blood glucose during exercise, but also metabolism as measured by hormones affecting blood glucose levels as well as markers of fat metabolism. The investigators will also use a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) to consider hypoglycaemia on thei night following exercise as this is a recognised consequence of exercise in type 1 diabetes. The null hypothesis to be tested in this study is that there is no difference between the two insulins in their effect on blood glucose levels and metabolism during exercise and rates of nocturnal hypoglycaemia after exercise.
Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) on focal edema with hard exudates secondary to diabetic retinopathy. Design: Prospective interventional case series. Participants: Ten eyes of 10 consecutive patients showing focal edema with hard exudates secondary to diabetic retinopathy which are not eligible for focal laser photocoagulation due to central location (< 500 µm from fovea).
Background: - Imaging tests, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), can provide information about heart and blood vessels. The tests let doctors can see the amount of blood vessel narrowing and vessel wall thickness. This information may help diagnose and treat heart disease and other conditions that lead to heart attacks. Better MRI methods are needed to improve heart disease diagnosis, especially by avoiding the use of radiation. Researchers are testing new techniques to improve the quality of heart MRI, compared with more complex studies like catheterization or angiography. Objectives: - To compare heart MRI techniques with other tests used to diagnose heart disease. Eligibility: - People at least 18 years of age who either have or may have heart disease, or are healthy volunteers. Design: - Participants will be screened with a physical exam, medical history, and blood tests. - They will have an angiography to study the inside of blood vessels. This test is an x-ray study of the blood vessels. It will be done either separately or as part of a set of tests to diagnose possible heart disease. - Participants will have at least one and up to five MRI scans. The scans will involve different methods of studying the heart and blood vessels. Participants may also have a computed tomography scan to confirm the findings of an MRI scan. - No treatment will be provided as part of this protocol.