There are about 3576 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in South Africa. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
The purpose of the main study is to describe the incidence of influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in adults hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) during the influenza/RSV season, and the purpose of the substudy is to describe the clinical and economic burden in adults hospitalized with confirmed influenza/RSV infection.
This study will evaluate the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of the anti-tuberculosis (TB) drug delamanid (DLM) in combination with an optimized multidrug background regimen (OBR) for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children with MDR-TB.
Adult patients > 18 years with fresh (within 2 weeks of injury), closed and open, tibia and femur fractures who undergo IM nailing for fracture fixation will be eligible for the study. Participants will be recruited over 24 months. Participants will undergo a baseline questionnaire, HIV testing and assessment of their BMD. They will be followed up at 6 weeks, and 3, 6 and 12 months. All adult patients who develop delayed bone union at 6 month follow up will be considered cases. Adult patients who show evidence of radiological union at 6 months or less will be considered controls.
The purpose of this prospective, non-randomized, single-arm, research study is to evaluate the accuracy of acutely extracting respiratory rate and tidal volume from implanted cardiac device impedance in subjects with heart failure. In addition, to assess the feasibility of extracting respiratory rate from device EGM under various conditions.
Pulmonary function testing is the most widely used tool for the diagnosis, severity assessment, management, risk factor categorization and follow-up of individuals with chronic lung disease. Africa has a high burden of infectious respiratory diseases which include tuberculosis, asthma and human immunodeficiency virus-related lung disease. Coupled with this is an increasing burden of non-communicable respiratory diseases; which include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema, bronchiectasis and asthma. A proviso to the use of lung function testing is the determination of "normal" values; which are determined for age, gender, height and ethnicity for the relevant population. It is well recognised that the comparison of an individual patients' results to an ethnically inappropriate population may lead to the under or -over diagnosis of disease, inappropriate treatments and result in increased burden on individuals, their families and the healthcare system. The investigators therefore propose to conduct a prospective well-designed study to include a representative sample of both adults and children (4000); to verify the validity of the retrospective pilot data, in a South African population.
This will be a prospective, multicentre study conducted to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of two TB breath-based technologies independently of the manufacturers. Assay error and failure rates and device operational characteristics will also be assessed during this study. Participants will be enrolled in this study in line with FIND sample banking activities. Results from index tests will not be used to make clinical decisions. Participation in this study will not alter the standard of care.
Post market surveillance registry
The purpose of this study is to collect long term safety data in subjects who are continuing to derive clinical benefit from treatment with Enzalutamide from the subjects participation in an enzalutamide clinical study sponsored by Astellas or Medivation (i.e., parent study) which has completed, at a minimum, the primary analysis or the study specified evaluation period.
Nearly 8 000 new cervical cancer cases are diagnosed in South Africa per year; many are still undiagnosed and about 50% of diagnosed cases succumb per year. Although the current prevalence of pre-cancer cervical disease is largely unknown, data from local studies suggest regional differences and an increase in the prevalence of cytological abnormalities when compared with historical data. Low frequency in cytology screening is the primary factor attributable to development of invasive cervical cancer and almost one-third of all cervical cancer patients had previous negative cytology. Due to the low sensitivity of cytology it can be assumed that the true prevalence of pre-cancer disease is underestimated by all available data. One round of optimal cervical cytology will detect around 50% of existing pre-cancer cervical disease as identified and proven using colposcopy and directed biopsy. It is now widely accepted that primary screening with a human papilloma virus (HPV) test can improve the sensitivity of screening and that even a single round of HPV screening can rapidly reduce the incidence of invasive cervical cancer and related mortality within a few years. South Africa has a high prevalence of HIV infection and a delay in or failure to initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART). These facts, together with the largely unscreened status of the female population and the high incidence of cervical cancer all suggest that HPV infection and precursors to cervical cancer are both unusually common among South African women. Accurate current knowledge of the performance of newer generation HPV based screening tests in HIV-infected and general female population are essential for cost-analysis and planning for national prevention and screening programs. This study will aim to demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of new generation HPV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) based screening assays in a South African setting. The investigators hypothesize that HPV testing followed by normal and special cytology tests will be a successful screening model for a South African population.
This study will correlate MA-abstinence outcomes from an 8-week contingency management (CM) program of voucher- based incentives using an escalating schedule that has been successfully implemented as an adjunct to MA treatment by the investigators collaborators in the United States. Pre- and post- treatment neuroimaging and neurocognitive assessments will assist in identifying structures and/or processes that may represent targets for development of novel behavioral and/or medication therapies.