There are about 11256 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Egypt. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
The clavicle is frequently fractured bone. regional anesthesia (RA) for clavicle surgery is always challenging due t complex innervation from the two plexuses (cervical and brachial). various RA techniques described for clavicle surgery include plexus blocks, fascial plane blocks,and truncal blocks.
The aim of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of using intra-radicular cryotherapy technique in the form of irrigation with cold sodium hypochlorite The main questions to answer are: 1. Does Postoperative pain is different between the three groups? 2. Does level of substance P different between the three groups ?
The digital technology is universal and has spread worldwide; thus, digital behaviour has dramatically changed peoples' lifestyles. Previous studies have reported that individuals interact with digital screens for up to 12 hours daily,1,2 and the American Optometric Association defined a combination of ocular and extraocular symptoms that affects the screen users as computer vision syndrome (CVS).3 However, our current understanding of digital technology and its harmful impact on the eye and public health,1,4,5 visual performance,6-8 sleep patterns,7,8 circadian rhythms,5,8 musculoskeletal system activities,3,4 and underlying physiological mechanisms9 remains incomplete and is associated with misconceptions.1 Therefore, educational programs that include protective measures and health campaigns are necessary.10 Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is also called with other names as digital eye strain (DES),3 occupational asthenopia, digital asthenopia,1 and video display terminal syndrome (VDTS). CVS ocular symptoms include visual blur with an underlying mechanism that is not fully understood,10 dry eye disease (DED),3 eye redness and irritation, eyestrain, fatigue, discomfort, difficulty in refocusing the eyes, and diplopia.3,4. CVS extraocular symptoms include headache, sleep disturbances, depression,7,8 musculoskeletal aches, such as neck/shoulder/back pain, difficulty in writing or holding objects, pain in thumbs, fingers, or wrists because of tendonitis and/or arthritis. Smartphones are used extensively worldwide by people of all ages, and have close-viewing distance, related high-definition resolution, thousands of time-consuming applications and games in stores, and 24/7 Internet connectivity. The decline in visual acuity observed in CVS can be attributed to the screen-induced foveal dysfunction11-13 which is a phenomenon that has been extensively documented in the literature using multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) examinations. Previous studies11-13 consistently reported the presence of this dysfunction, which has been linked to prolonged exposure to digital screens emitting blue light. Notably, recent research has demonstrated noteworthy improvements in foveal responses following a strict reduction in screen time for duration of four weeks.13 These improvements were found to correspond with enhanced visual performances, indicating a positive relationship between the reversal of screen-induced foveal dysfunction and visual outcomes. These findings highlight the reversible nature of screen-induced foveal dysfunction and its potential impact on visual acuity. They support the notion that reducing screen time can serve as an effective intervention strategy, leading to substantial improvements in both foveal responses and overall visual performance.13 The computer vision syndrome questionnaire (CVS-Q) is a self-administered scale that evaluates the frequency and intensity of 16 ocular and visual symptoms related to the use of digital devices. The scoring of the questionnaire follows the procedure of the original version. The 16 items (CVS-symptoms) are scored with two rating scales: one for frequency (never, occasionally, often, or always), and one for intensity (moderate, intense). The responses to the two rating scales for each item are combined multiplicatively into a single scale called symptom severity, and the result should be recoded as 0 = 0; 1 or 2 = 1; 4 = 2. If the total score is ≥ 6 points, the worker is considered to suffer computer vision syndrome .14 Ocular surface disease index is a quick self-assessment questionnaire of the symptoms of ocular irritation in dry eye disease (DED) and how they affect functioning related to vision. This 12-item questionnaire assesses dry eye symptoms and the effect it has on vision-related function in the past week of the patient's life.15 The questionnaire has 3 subscales: ocular symptoms, vision-related function, and environmental triggers. Patients rate their responses on a 0 to 4 scale with 0 corresponding to "none of the time" and 4 corresponding to "all of the time." A final score is calculated which ranges from 0 to 100 with scores 0 to 12 representing normal, 13 to 22 representing mild dry eye disease, 23 to 32 representing moderate dry eye disease, and greater than 33 representing severe dry eye disease.15 DED, also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca, is the condition of having dry eyes. Symptoms include dryness in the eye, irritation, redness, discharge, blurred vision, and easily fatigued eyes. Symptoms range from mild and occasional to severe and continuous. DED can lead to blurred vision, instability of the tear film, increased risk of damage to the ocular surface such as scaring of the cornea, and changes in the eye including the neurosensory system.16
This study aims to compare oral health-related quality of life and retention between digitally- fabricated temporary flexible RDPs and conventionally-fabricated temporary flexible RDPs.
BACKGROUND: Postural instability is one of the cardinal signs in Parkinson's disease (PD). It represents one of the most disabling symptoms in the advanced stages of the disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immediate and long-term effects of adding computer-based cognitive training to physical therapy interventions on postural stability, Parkinson's motor symptoms, and gait performance in Parkinson's disease patients.
BACKGROUND: Upper limb nerve root dysfunction with increased active myofascial trigger point in upper trapezius is common problem in patients with cervical radiculopathy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Extracorpeal shock wave on the myo-electric and nerve function responses in patients with cervical radiculopathy.
Although postoperative infectious endophthalmitis and toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) rarely happen, they can threaten sight and are considered complications of intraocular and cataract surgery1. Reusing surgical supplies during cataract surgery, especially in developing countries, will have a treble impact in lowering the financial costs of surgery, the emissions of greenhouse gas, and environmental waste. Nearly half the waste of cataract surgery is recyclable, as reported by a prospective Malaysian study 8. Despite the increasing evidence of reusing the operative supplies, numerous healthcare professionals may be reluctant to consider it due to worries about cross-contamination among patients2. According to the Aravind Eye Care System (AECS) in Tamil Nadu, India, endophthalmitis rated 0.02% in over a million consecutive cataract cases despite the observation that cannulas, irrigation/ aspiration tubing, gowns, surgical gloves, irrigating bottles, as well as topical and intraocular drugs are normally recycled to cut cost and waste3,4. On the other hand, health care plays a key role in climate change, as well as financial and environmental waste2. Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness and visual impairment worldwide, making cataract surgery one of the most performed surgical procedures5. The carbon footprint of cataract surgery, especially phacoemulsification, is a significant research field6-8. In the United Kingdom, cataract surgery releases 180 kg of CO2- equivalents per eye, causing over half of the emissions due to obtaining large disposable medical equipment9. In ACES, phacoemulsification generated 5.9 kg of carbon emissions4. In comparison to the United Kingdom and the United States of America, the cataract surgery's low rates of infection in AECS were accomplished with 1/10 supply costs and 1/20 global warming emissions6. Being the most performed operation, cataract surgery and ophthalmology, in general, can meaningfully influence lowering environmental and economic waste in their surgical services1. The aim of this work is to show if reusing the operative supplies to reduce financial costs, especially in developing countries, and to lower global warming and climate change will affect the rate of postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery
Most common cause of acute abdomen is acute appendicitis delay dignosis of acute appendicitis lead to complications as perforation this study examined efficacy of hyperbilirubinemia&hyponatremia as indicator of complicated appendicitis
This study will be conducted to estimate readmission rate and reasons for readmission after all modalities of endoscopic transurethral surgeries for treatment of BOO secondary to BPH in the last 20 years.
This study will be conducted to compare early (one week) versus delayed (2-4 weeks) definitive ureteroscopic lithotripsy after initial drainage for obstructing ureteral or renal stones associated with infection.