View clinical trials related to Cardiovascular Diseases.
Filter by:1. The number and function of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are inversely associated with coronary risk factors and atherosclerotic diseases. 2. This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the effects of cilostazol on human early EPCs and endothelial function as well as the potential mechanisms of action in patients with high risk for cardiovascular disease.
We will use a retrospective data analysis to evaluate the association of the two vitamin D metabolites 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D with clinical outcome in cardiac surgical patients. The occurrence of several postoperative adverse events such as myocardial infarction, low cardiac output syndrome, stroke and in-hospital death will be assessed from cardiac surgery to discharge. In addition, we will assess the association of the two vitamin D metaboolites with the duration of mechanical ventilatory support and intensive care unit stay from cardiac surgery to discharge. Moreover, in-hospital stay will be assessed according to vitamin D metabolite levels.
The investigators hypothesized that there will be a significant difference between the effects of trans-free palm-, interesterified palm- and interesterified soybean oil blend on cardiovascular disease, inflammation, insulin resistance and obesity.
Patients with severe mental illness (SMI) die younger than persons in the general population. Much of the excess mortality for SMI patients is attributable to cardiovascular disease, and is exacerbated by treatment with second-generation antipsychotics (2GAs). Although the cardiovascular risks are well-known, and safe, efficacious therapy exists, few SMI patients receive cardiovascular prevention drugs. Care delivery fragmentation and poor patient adherence are central problems to reducing cardiovascular risks for patients with SMI. To address these problems, we propose to conduct a multi-site, open-label, randomized controlled trial comparing an initial treatment strategy of free, fixed-doses of two generic, cardiovascular prevention drugs (statins and angiotensin drugs) delivered within mental health clinics versus usual treatment. The study will include adult patients (18+ years old) with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, or psychosis not otherwise specified (NOS) who have received 2GAs treatment within the past six months from within four mental health clinics in the Boston area. We have three aims: 1) to compare the proportions of subjects in each arm who are receiving cardiovascular drug treatment and are adherent to therapy during 12-months of follow-up; 2) to compare changes in composite (e.g., Framingham scores) and individual (e.g., lipid levels) cardiovascular risk factor levels using an intent-to-treat (ITT) approach; and 3) to compare risk factor levels, accounting for variation in adherence over time, using causal inference techniques to estimate the per-protocol effect of the intervention. Our three aims examine whether this low cost, streamlined treatment strategy increases the numbers of subjects receiving cardiovascular prevention therapy and improves cardiovascular risk levels. We will follow subjects for 12 months, and collect interview and biometric data at baseline and over the following 12 months. Subjects will have the option to continue for another 12 months, during which we will continue to collect interview and biometric data, but will not prescribe cardiovascular medications. This population-based initial treatment strategy could be an effective and efficient approach for overcoming traditional barriers to cardiovascular disease prevention within the SMI population. Findings from this study will inform efforts to improve care and outcomes, and to enhance survival for patients with severe mental illness.
The VIP-U Study is a clinical trial designed to investigate the effect of ustekinumab (Stelara) and placebo on reducing vascular inflammation and cardiometabolic risk biomarkers in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. This study will look for systemic vascular inflammation in study participants with a test called FDG PET/CT (fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography). The study will also look for cardiometabolic identifiers (heart disease and metabolic factors) in blood samples, including markers of high cholesterol, cholesterol efflux function (the ability of cholesterol to move in the body), metabolic factors, and inflammation. The study will also examine the effects of ustekinumab compared to placebo on psoriasis activity, severity and safety.
The purpose of the proposed pilot study is to evaluate the effects of a soy protein isolate with naturally occurring isoflavones on the properties of HDL-C (total HDL-C, HDL particle size and HDL function), central blood pressure, and indices of arterial stiffness.
Cardiovascular disease which includes coronary artery disease and peripheral artery disease remains the leading cause of death among women in the United States. The impact of cardiovascular in women was not recognized by clinicians for a long time. It is now evident that, women suffer the consequences of cardiovascular at rates at least as high as those observed in men but there are still major gaps in our understanding this disease in women. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous mediator plays an important role in the cardiovascular system. Research has demonstrated it's critical role in animal ischemia reperfusion models. Hydrogen sulfide exists in distinct biological pools in blood. Recently, the Kevil lab has pioneered the development of new analytical techniques for accurate measurement of all biological pools of H2S. By measuring these distinct pools of H2S in women with and without cardiovascular disease the investigators hope to further understanding of role of H2S in pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. This research will help to assess the ability of H2S and its distinct biological pools to potentially be a diagnostic marker or a therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease.
The purpose of this study is to improve the health status of people living with HIV in Australia. The overall goal is to rigorously evaluate the impact of interactive health plans and self-management support on chronic condition outcomes in people with HIV. The specific aims are to: Aim 1: Using a doctor-level cluster randomised trial, evaluate the effect of interactive health plans and self-management support on coronary heart disease risk and other chronic condition outcomes in people living with HIV. Aim 2: Evaluate patient and health care provider experiences and acceptability of interactive health plans and self-management support. Aim 3: Evaluate intervention cost-effectiveness and effect on health service utilisation.
The major source of mortality and morbidity of diabetic patients is cardiovascular disease (CVD). Moreover, in CVD patients the presence of diabetes is associated with the increased risk of major adverse cardiac events as compared to patients without diabetes. The pathophysiology of macrovascular complications in T2D is not fully understood and involves: 1/ induction of oxidative stress, 2/ the formation of advanced glycation end products, 3/ activation of blood coagulation and platelet aggregation, 4/ increased inflammation, 5/ altered secretion of adipokines in obese subjects and 6/ endothelial dysfunction. All those mechanisms in T2D patients could potentially be a subject of new therapeutic interventions. A therapy that continues to show promise in T2D patients with CVD is supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Clinical studies have indicated that omega-3 PUFA decrease the risk of major cardiovascular events, although the mechanism of action is not completely understood. Moreover, there were no trials exploring the mechanisms and outcomes of omega-3 treatment in T2D patients with CVD. Despite that fact, Polish Diabetes Association guidelines recommend the use of omega-3 PUFA in patients with diabetes in the prevention of macrovascular complications. Moreover, it is unclear whether the benefits of modifying the pathophysiological processes during supplementation with omega-3 PUFA occur only in patients with their deficiency or in all patients with type 2 diabetes. Potential benefits of omega-3 PUFA in such patients are: 1/ decreased oxidative stress, 2/ decreased platelet aggregation and reduction of hypercoagulable state, 3/ anti-inflammatory effects, 4/ improvement in endothelial function. All those effects were explored previously with inconsistent findings. There is very limited information from clinical studies on the mechanisms and benefits of omega-3 PUFA in T2D patients with CVD. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the effects of omega-3 PUFA administered on top of optimal therapy of atherosclerotic vascular disease and T2D on endothelial function, platelet aggregation and thrombotic, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers.
The prevalence of cardiovascular disease is rising; new methods must be created to assess the cardiovascular status of patients. If cardiovascular disease can be predicted, it may facilitate prevention. An association between periodontal disease and cardiovascular has been established, but a definitive mechanism is not understood. A good first step in finding that mechanism is to look at the correlation between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease, both of which have an inflammatory component. This study observes the level of cardiovascular disease in patients and correlates it with the presence and degree of periodontal pathogens.