View clinical trials related to Vomiting.
Filter by:This study evaluates the addition of transcatheter mitral valve repair with the MitraClip device to medical treatment in patients with heart failure and moderate functional mitral regurgitation to determine the impact of left ventricular remodelling and patients' functional capacity.
Oral olanzapine showed superior antiemetic efficacy to metoclopramide as rescue treatment to control breakthrough emesis induced by chemotherapy. This study aims to evaluate safety and efficacy of olanzapine for nausea and vomiting in advanced cancer patients.
This is a multicentre, single-arm, phase II study to investigate the safety and antiemetic efficacy of Akynzeo (a fixed dose combination of palonosetron and netupitant) plus dexamethasone in patients receiving concomitant chemo-radiotherapy with weekly cisplatin for at least five weeks.
This is a pragmatic randomized, multi-center, open-label randomized clinical trial, aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of thalidomide in improving prevention of chemotherapy-induced delayed nausea and vomiting (CINV) in chemotherapy-naive patients after multi-cycle cisplatin-containing highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) .
Cholelithiasis (presence of gallbladder stones) is prevalent in 10 to 15% of the world population. This disease can lead to serious complications such as cholecystitis, cholangitis and pancreatitis. Video-laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CVL) is considered the gold standard treatment of this condition. Despite ongoing research and development of new drugs and techniques, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are frequent, lead to unexpected hospitalizations, delay hospital discharge, increase hospital costs, and cause patient dissatisfaction. Video-laparoscopic surgeries are cited in the literature as a risk factor for PONV, with an incidence of up to 75% in cases where prophylactic drugs are not used.Through the simplified Apfel score, it is possible to determine the risk for PONV. This risk classification is based on four risk factors: female gender, non-smoking, postoperative use of opioids and previous history of PONV. The incidence of PONV would be 10%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%, respectively, if none, one, two, three or four risk factors are present. Antiemetics recommended for prophylaxis of PONV in adults include 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT3) receptor antagonists (ondansetron, dolasetron, granisetron, tropisetron, ramosetron and palonosetron), neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor antagonists (aprepitant), (dendrohydrin and haloperidol), antihistamines (dimenhydrin and meclizine), and anticholinergics (scopolamine).
Chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a common adverse effect in treatment of cancer, which influences the quality of life and adherence to treatment of patients and leads to dehydration, malnutrition and even death. Prevention and relieving the CINV is an important step to ensure the conduction of chemotherapy. Mechanism of CINV remains to be obscure, while most studies showed that it is mainly related to the following respects: ⑴ Chemotherapeutic agents stimulate gastrointestinal tract, which induces the release of neurotransmitters by chromaffin cells. Neurotransmitters bind to corresponding receptors, and then results in vomiting by stimulating the vomiting center; ⑵ Chemotherapeutic agents and the metabolites of them activate chemoreceptors directly, which causes vomiting. ⑶ Feeling and mental factors irritate cerebral cortex pathway directly. There are studies suggested that 5- hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) was related to acute nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy, which means 5-HT receptor antagonist would be a effective medicine for acute CINV. In addition, there are researches proclaimed that neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor antagonist, aprepitant, is a potent agent to relieve CINV. Thus, correlative guidelines recommend regimens with 5-HT receptor antagonist, NK-1 receptor antagonist and glucocorticoid as the standard treatment for strongly emetic chemotherapy regimens. But the prevention of moderately emetic chemotherapy regimens remains to be a problem in clinical practice. Besides, there is no study to demonstrate differences of mechanisms between acute CINV and delayed CINV. Olanzapine inhibits kinds of neurotransmitters which cause CINV, it is why this medicine is effective in both acute and delayed CINV. It can also alleviate anxiety, improve sleep quality and relieve pain in patients with cancer. The most common adverse effects of olanzapine are lethargy, body mass increase, fatigue, dry mouth, constipation, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. Among them, the most common one is lethargy, which can oppose insomnia and excitation caused by dexamethasone. In a word, olanzapine is an agent with mild adverse effects, it is worth to be generalized. But there are still problems to be resolved in the application of olanzapine in CINV: ⑴ Aprepitant is expensive and not covered in medical care in China, which limits the application in patients. ⑵There is no large clinical trial to confirm the efficacy and safety of olanzapine in Chinese populations. To explore these issues better, investigators intend to compare the regimen with olanzapine, dexamethasone and 5-HT receptor antagonists with the regimen with placebo, dexamethasone and 5-HT receptor antagonists about the efficacy and adverse events in treatment of CINV. Investigators aim to provide an available therapeutic options for CINV, improve the quality of life and prolong the survival of patients with lung cancer.
Olanzapine-containing regimens for CINV prophylaxis may provide even better protection than aprepitant-containing regimens.
We aimed to evaluate the different ETCO2 levels (with the help of ultrasonographic optic nerve sheath diameter) in preventing gynecological laparoscopic surgeons' postoperative nausea induced by intracranial pressure change due to pneumoperitoneum and trandelenburg position.
The aim of this randomized trial is to assess the efficacy of preventive analgesia using different peribulbar blocks (PBB) under SPI-guided anaesthesia for vitreoretinal surgery (VRS), presence of PONV (postoperative nausea and vomiting) and oculocardiac reflex (OCR) and compare Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) with Surgical Pleth Index (SPI) for monitoring pain perception postoperatively. Patients will receive general anaesthesia combined with either preventive PBB using either lidocaine with bupivacaine or bupivacaine or ropivacaine
Nausea and vomiting after general anesthesia is one of the common anesthetic complications. If the patient is discharged from the hospital after surgery, proper treatment may be delayed or impossible if nausea or vomiting occurs. Thus, It is necessary to prevent these symptoms beforehand. Patients who underwent gynecologic surgery will be treated with prophylactic ramosetron to determine whether the frequency of nausea and vomiting is decreased when the patient returned home after discharge.