View clinical trials related to Vascular Stiffness.
Filter by:To evaluate in patients with chronic kidney disease the impact of two dosages of per os vitamin D3 supplementation (cholecalciferol) on large arterial stiffness (evaluated non invasively by pulse wave velocity and high-resolution echotracking system). We will also study arterial calcification (lateral abdominal radiography and echocardiogram), arterial remodeling (high-resolution echotracking system), endothelial function (evaluated by a non-invasive finger biosensor device), and bone remodeling (evaluated by serum biomarkers and bone mineral density).
Efforts to identify individuals at a higher risk for adverse cardiovascular outcomes focus on traditional risk factors, such as age, gender, smoking status, blood pressure, and cholesterol; however, this approach does not directly assess cardiovascular function and underestimates the risk of experiencing adverse cardiovascular outcomes in women. This prospective, observational trial will examine the ability of the Assessment of Large and Small Artery Elasticity for the Early Detection of Cardiovascular Disease screening protocol, a series of non-invasive procedures to identify middle-aged and older women who are at elevated risk for experiencing an adverse cardiovascular event in the five-year period after screening. The predictive value of the Assessment of Large and Small Artery Elasticity for the Early Detection of Cardiovascular Disease protocol will also be compared to the Framingham Risk Score to determine if one method has better sensitivity for estimating risk for an adverse cardiovascular outcome.
Chronic kidney disease(CKD) patients have high incidence of coronary artery problems event after renal transplantation. And remain a major cause of mortality. The major risk marker is arterial stiffness. The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is a new index of overall stiffness and can estimated the risk of atherosclerosis. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) is a metabolic regulator that plays important role in cardiac remodeling elevated FGF-21 have been reported in coronary heart disease or carotid artery plaque and could be biomarkers for atherosclerosis disease Investigators aimed to study the association between CAVI and FGF-21 and their relations to various parameters that can contribute to cardiovascular disease eg. homocysteine Echocardiogram findings and other traditional basic factors.
The conduit arteries exhibit a viscoelastic behavior. Visco-elasticity is partially regulated by endothelium and contributes to the optimization of the heart-vessel coupling. Aging or high resting heart rate (HR) could alter visco-elastic properties leading to increase stiffness of the conduit arteries, an independent cardiovascular risk factor, and degradation of heart-vessel coupling. Lowering HR with ivabradine could reduce these effects. The objective of this study is to assess the effect of HR reduction by repeated administration of ivabradine on visco-elastic properties, vascular geometry and function of common carotid artery, and on cardiovascular hemodynamic in healthy subject. The influence of aging on ivabradine effects are studied too. 30 healthy volunteers aged between 25 and 65 years old, with a HR ≥ 70 bpm, will receive ivabradine or placebo during 8 days in a single center, randomized, cross-group, double blinded, placebo-controlled study. Each period of treatment will be separate by 12 to 16 days of wash-out. Each subject will participate in an exploration visit, including evaluation of visco-elastic properties, vascular geometry and function of common carotid artery, and cardiovascular hemodynamic, before and after ivabradine or placebo taking.
The current study proposes to investigate the effects of chronic snus use on the blood vessels. Several cardiovascular endpoints are measured using various methods in healthy daily snus users as well as in healthy matched controls.
Regular consumption of fruits and vegetables may improve human health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, certain cancers and type 2 diabetes, but the active components and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Berry fruits are abundant in anthocyanins and this study aims to test the hypothesis that ingestion of an anthocyanin-rich blackcurrant beverage will improve markers of cardiovascular health (health of blood vessels, inflammation and platelet function). Further, the study will investigate the anthocyanin bioavailability from the blackcurrant beverage.
Vitamin K is required for the activation of the inhibitor of vascular calcification: Matrix Gla Protein (MGP). In an earlier study the beneficial effect of menaquinone-7 (MK-7), a vitamin K2 form, was observed on the stiffness of the vessel wall in postmenopausal women. It decreased the circulating form of inactive MGP and improved the vascular elasticity (local) and aortic pulse wave velocity (regional). The decrease of circulating inactive MGP was observed after 2-3 months MK-7 supplementation and the effect of MK-7 on the clinical endpoints was observed within 3 years of supplementation. It is demonstrated in several studies that cardiovascular risk increases with decreasing vitamin K intake and increasing levels of inactive MGP. In this study the investigators select subjects in the highest tertile of circulating inactive MGP. This study group will consist of subjects with increased cardiovascular risk and it is expected that effects of MK-7 on clinical endpoints in this group will be measurable within 1 year of supplementation. Vascular stiffness can be determined with different techniques. The vascular characteristics determined with Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV), ultrasound of the common carotid artery and accelerated plethysmography (APG) with a fingertip device will be compared in a follow-up study.
Uncontrolled blood pressure represents the main factor in the development of target organ lesions and, consequently, cardiovascular events, which are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In most cases resistant hypertension is preceded by target organ lesions, and is strongly influenced by risk factors or associated diseases. To control this disease requires an adequate and intense therapeutic approach that includes lifestyle changes and the use of several antihypertensive drugs. However, the results are not always satisfactory despite intensive treatment. Of the different pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of resistant hypertension (RH), two, sympathetic overstimulation and therapies that block the sympathetic system, have been widely studied. But, these approaches are invasive and expensive. Another possible approach is by transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), a non-invasive method that modulates activity by inhibiting primary afferent pathways using low-frequency transcutaneous electrical stimulation. Some studies have shown that TENS reduces blood pressure in patients with hypertension. The current study will evaluate the effect of applying TENS in the cervicothoracic region of subjects with resistant hypertension, seeking to develop a new low cost and readily available therapy to treat this group of hypertensive individuals.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) accelerates vascular stiffening related to age. Arterial stiffness may be evaluated measuring the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) or more simply, as recommend by KDOQI, monitoring pulse pressure (PP). Both correlate to survival and incidence of cardiovascular disease. PWV can also be estimated on the brachial artery using a Mobil-O-Graph; a non-operator dependent automatic device. The aim was to analyse whether, in a dialysis population, PWV obtained by Mobil-O-Graph (MogPWV) is more sensitive for vascular aging than PP. A cohort of 143 patients from 4 dialysis units has been followed measuring MogPWV and PP every 3 to 6 months and compared to a control group of non-CKD patients.
Arterial Stiffness: As a recognized independent indicator of cardiovascular risk, maintaining low levels of arterial stiffening is important to cardiovascular health. Increases in arterial stiffening results in elevated systolic and mean pressure and it is correlated with various cardiovascular conditions such as left ventricular hypertrophy, ischaemic heart disease, and myocardial infarction. In contrast, decreased arterial stiffness improves ventricular-vascular coupling, ejection fraction, and cardiac output. Arterial stiffness is linked to inflammation and oxidative stress. Both inflammation and oxidative stress are elevated during DOMS (delayed onset muscle soreness), a state brought on by muscle damage often incurred during strenuous exercise. Recent studies have shown that a single bout of eccentric exercise can produce acute arterial stiffness during recovery. However, anti-oxidants/anti-inflammatories may be effective in reducing the extent of damage by decreasing oxidation and inflammation. Curcumin is a powerful antioxidant that could act as an anti-inflammatory and diminish the effects of the downhill run. In addition, eccentric damage generates a prophylactic protection lasting up to six weeks. The nature of the downhill run is primarily eccentric in nature. Therefore, repeated bouts may have diminished DOMS development. Any reduction in stress by either the prophylactic repeated bout effect or the Curcumin supplement, should attenuate the increase in arterial stiffness due to the reduction in inflammation.