View clinical trials related to Tuberculosis.
Filter by:This double-blind, randomized controlled trial evaluates moxifloxacin versus isoniazid in daily treatment during the first two months of treatment with rifampin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol for sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis.
This study is a placebo-controlled factorial study, randomized to study drug (moxifloxacin vs. ethambutol) and treatment frequency (daily vs. thrice weekly after an initial two weeks of daily therapy) during the first two months of standard treatment (with isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide) for sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis.
The tuberculin skin test (TST) has been the gold standard for diagnosing latent tuberculosis for almost 100 years. While this test performs reasonably well in healthy, non-bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccinated populations, it is believed to perform less well in patients who do not have intact cellular immune systems (immunocompromised). The investigators hypothesize that a new test, the T-SPOT TB ELISPOT test will provide a more accurate measurement of latent infection in immunocompromised people. This study will compare the TST to the T-SPOT TB ELISPOT test, and to the results of an expert physician diagnostic panel.
There are new TB vaccines already developed that need to be tried in humans to assess their efficacy. The researchers had previously shown that production of interferon gamma by T cells in response to TB antigens is a more specific marker of TB infection. The researchers hypothesize that this can be used as a reliable early marker of TB vaccine efficacy. The researchers expect to show a significantly increased reversion of this test in household contacts of TB patients given Isoniazid prophylaxis treatment for 6 months.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infection that can affect the lungs and other parts of the body. The usual way to treat TB is to take 4 medicines by mouth every day for 2 months, then take 2 of the same medicines for 4 more months, for a total of 6 months. The purpose of this study is to see if taking 4 months of TB medicines is as effective in curing some TB patients as taking 6 months of TB medicines. Study participants will include 758 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-non-infected individuals, ages 18-60. Participants will be treated with 4 standard drugs called isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol. All individuals will take TB medicines for at least 4 months. After 4 months of treatment, if no TB germs are growing in sputum samples, participants will be assigned to either stop taking TB medicine (4 months of treatment) or to continue taking TB drugs for 2 more months (6 months of treatment). Participants will be involved in study procedures for up to 30 months.
Many studies have shown a high non-attendance rate in hospital outpatient clinics. The investigators have found a non-attendance rate of 25% in their asthma clinics and would like to investigate whether a reminder phone call will improve attendance rates. Patients will be randomised into two groups; one group will receive a reminder phone call one week prior to their hospital consultation and the other group will be managed in the standard manner (i.e. no reminder of any sort). The phone calls will be carried out on a Friday afternoon by a respiratory nurse specialist and a research officer for two asthma clinics based on a Wednesday morning and a Thursday afternoon.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether an alternative drug, (rifampin) given daily, is better at treating tuberculosis (TB) and more tolerable than the usual drug treatment, isoniazid (INH). Study participants will include 972, TB infected, San Francisco Jail inmates, aged 18 or older. One group of volunteers will take INH two times a week for 9 months, and the other group will take rifampin daily for 4 months. Medication will be administered in jail and at the San Francisco TB Clinic if the volunteer is released from jail prior to completing the study. Participants will be seen daily for 4 months (rifampin group), and 2 times a week for 9 months (INH group) for directly observed therapy. Study procedures will include 5 symptom review visits and blood samples for lab testing. Follow-up will continue for each subject for five years after enrollment into the study.
Anti-HIV treatment consisting of lamivudine/zidovudine (3TC/ZDV) and efavirenz (EFV) is the current standard of care for initial treatment of HIV in most areas of the world. The purpose of this study is to determine the best time to start this anti-HIV treatment in treatment-naive adults in Haiti.
Successful therapy of both tuberculosis and HIV disease share similar problems: pill burden, drug interaction, adherence challenge and toxicity. This study will test the efficacy and safety of a once daily antiretroviral regimen in HIV-tuberculosis coinfected patients.
The purpose of this study is to determine the best time to begin anti-HIV treatment in individuals who have HIV and tuberculosis (TB). Study hypothesis: Immediate antiretroviral therapy (ART), initiated after approximately 2 weeks of TB treatment, will reduce the frequency of other AIDS-defining illnesses and death in HIV-infected participants being treated for TB by at least 40% at week 48 when compared to deferred ART, initiated at after 8-12 weeks of TB treatment.