View clinical trials related to Tuberculosis.
Filter by:A5406 hypothesizes that dolutegravir (DTG) 50 mg taken twice daily will provide adequate exposures to maintain viral suppression when dosed with rifapentine (RPT) 1200 mg for HIV-associated TB.
The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy and sensitivity of slow-pull capillary technique, traditional suction aspiration and non negative pressure puncture in the diagnosis of mediastinal and/or hilar lymph node enlargement by ultrasound bronchoscopic lymph node biopsy.
Current diagnostic tools such as interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) and purified protein derivative (PPD) can not distinguish patients with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and persistence of live mycobacteria. This inability to rule out living mycobacteria in patients investigated for LTBI leads to unnecessary and potentially harmful treatment regimes all around the globe. The goal of this observational study is to identify candidate biomarkers for viable bacilli in latent tuberculosis in order to decrease the use of unnecessary and ineffective antibiotic treatment.
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top ten causes of death worldwide with approximately 10 million cases globally and 1.2 million deaths. Sub-Saharan Africa carries the highest burden of TB. South Africa has one of the highest HIV and TB rates worldwide with an HIV prevalence rate in adults of 19% and a TB case notification rate of 615/100,000 in 2019. Over many years, focus has been paid to pulmonary TB and extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) has received only little attention even though it accounts for almost a quatre of all TB cases. The diagnosis of EPTB remains challenging simply because sample collection requires invasive procedures in the absence of a blood-based diagnostic test. Spinal TB (spondylitis or spondylodiscitis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis) - often known as Pott's disease - accounts for up to 10% of EPTB and affects young children, people with HIV-coinfection and elderly, and often leads to lifelong debilitating disease due to devastating deformation of the spine and compression of neural structures. Little is known with regards to the extent of disease and isolated TB spine as well as a disseminated form of TB spine have been described. The latter presents with a spinal manifestation plus disseminations to other organs such as the lungs, pleura, lymph nodes, the GIT or urinary tract or even the brain. In the Spinal TB X cohort, the investigators aim to describe the clinical phenotype of spinal TB using whole body PET/CT and identify a specific gene expression profile for the different stages of dissemination and compare findings to previously described signatures for latent and active pulmonary TB. A blood-based test for spinal TB would lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment in all settings globally and improve treatment outcome of this devastating disease.
This is an observational study that will examine the pretomanid pharmacokinetics (PK) in tuberculosis (TB) patients. Dynamic 18F-pretomanid PET/CT will be performed after intravenous injection of 18F-pretomanid to determine multi-compartment, noninvasive determination of pretomanid PK in TB patients.
Randomized phase II clinical trial which aims to assess the impact on 3-month mortality and safety of adding adalimumab to standard treatment (anti-tuberculosis drugs and corticosteroids) in HIV patients with tuberculosis meningitis in 3 countries (Brazil, Mozambique, and Zambia).
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading infectious disease worldwide and kidney transplant recipients (KTR) is high risk population needing prevention from reactivation, which cause high mortality. In fact, its latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is increasing after transplantation and has been identified as a risk factor for TB. However, the suitable regimen for LTBI treatment in KTRs remains unclear. Currently, three-month rifamycin-containing regimens, such as weekly rifapentine and isoniazid (3HP) or daily rifampicin and isoniazid (3HP), are common because its non-inferiority to nine-month of daily isoniazid (9H) and high completion rate by its short course in TB contacts. However, KTRs have many differences from general population, like use of immune-suppressants and possible residual renal insufficiency, so that to prescribe rifamycin-containing LTBI treatment regimens may have many concerns. One biggest concern is that drug-drug interaction between rifamycin and immunosuppressants. In addition, there is no study before in investigating the use of rifamycin-containing regimen in the population of KTRs (only study for kidney transplant candidates).
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety, tolerability, and acceptability of a single dose of pretomanid, added to an optimized background tuberculosis treatment regimen (OBR), in children with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) with or without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global public health problem, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in Africa, Asia, and Eastern Europe. Approximately 10 million people fall sick with TB, causing up to 2 million deaths, worldwide per year. Considerable progress was made in TB control from 1990-2015, motivating the World Health Organization (WHO) to launch an ambitious EndTB strategy. However, the effect of the ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has been devastating and the last two years have seen the first year-on-year increases (of 5.6%) in TB mortality since 2005 . In order to regain lost ground, and re-establish progress towards elimination of TB, innovation is needed in all aspects of TB control, including development of shorter treatment regimens for drug susceptible (DS) and multi-drug resistant / rifampicin resistant (MDR/RR) forms of the disease. This protocol seeks to conduct the TB clinical trial combining the 8-methoxyfluroquinolone and optimised dose of rifamycing to address two questions. The first is to confirm the non-inferiority of a four-month optimised dose rifamycin and moxifloxacin-based regimen amongst African TB patient populations with high rates of co-incident HIV. Secondly, we seek to establish that the rifamycin of choice in potent 4-month anti-TB treatments could be rifampicin as this will be more rapidly up-scalable for public health impact.
The PRESCIENT trial is a Phase IIc, open-label, randomized trial that will compare a 12-week regimen of bedaquiline (BDQ), clofazimine (CFZ), pyrazinamide (PZA), and delamanid (DLM) with standard treatment for drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis. Eligible participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to BDQ, CFZ, PZA, and DLM (BCZD) or standard anti-TB therapy. Participants in the experimental arm with evidence of poor clinical response at the end of therapy will be re-treated with standard TB therapy. The primary analysis is a superiority efficacy comparison of time to liquid culture conversion through 8 weeks in the experimental (BCZD) arm vs. the standard therapy arm. The other key secondary outcome is safety.