View clinical trials related to Tuberculosis.
Filter by:New blood tests have become available to detect either latent or active tuberculosis. These tests - which according to the CDC can replace the tuberculin skin test - measure the production of gamma-interferon (a cytokine) by peripheral lymphocytes (white cells) when exposed to antigens which are highly specific of mycobacterium tuberculosis (the bacteria responsible for tuberculosis). Our hypothesis was that the production of gamma-interferon would be much higher at the beginning of treatment than at the end, and that decline in gamma-interferon secretion could be an indicator of clinical response to treatment.
The trial will evaluate the extended bactericidal activity of 14 consecutive days of oral administration of PA-824 at 200, 600, 1000 and 1200 mg per day in adult patients with newly diagnosed, uncomplicated, smear positive tuberculosis. A control group will receive standard TB treatment.
The aim of this study is to elucidate the prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) co-infection in patients with smear positive pulmonary TB. To detect the NTM co-infection, we will perform duplex PCR targeted for mycobacterial hsp 65 gene using sputa. In addition, the clinical significance of this co-infection will be evaluated.
Tuberculosis is one of the major health problems in developing countries. Isoniazid, rifampin and pyrazinamide, the first line drugs used for tuberculosis chemotherapy, are associated with hepatotoxicity. The rate of hepatotoxicity has been reported to be much higher in developing countries compared to that in advanced countries with a similar dose schedule. Oxidative stress has proposed as one of the mechanisms responsible for anti-tuberculosis drugs induced hepatic injury. The oxidative stress is closely associated with decrease of glutathione levels. In the present study N acetylcysteine, a precursor of glutathione, was investigated for hepatoprotective effect against anti-tuberculosis drugs induced liver injury.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains as an important public health problem worldwide. Pleural tuberculosis is the most prevalent form of extrapulmonary presentation in immunocompetent patients. The volume of effusion in the pleural space of patients with pleural TB may cause complications like restrictive ventilator lung functional disturb and/or pleural thickening. The respiratory physiotherapy can be adjuvant on treatment of pleural effusion tuberculosis throughout of various treatment technique. The Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is utilized in various pathologic, this improves lung mechanics by recruiting atelectatic alveoli, improving pulmonary compliance, and reducing the work of breathing. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of CPAP on fluid absorption among patients with pleural effusion due tuberculosis.
After exposure to an active case of tuberculosis (TB), close contacts may be infected. They are then considered as having latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Detecting LTBI is the main goal of contact tracing procedures after exposure to TB. Until recently, the only test available for detecting LTBI was the tuberculin skin test (TST). More recent tests are now available (Interferon-gamma release assays: IGRA), which are more specific and sensitive than the TST. This study compares the TST and an IGRA in the routine activity of contact tracing in our area.
This study examines the early immune response to a new vaccine (MVA85A) being developed to combat tuberculosis (TB).
The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety of a new vaccine against Tuberculosis (RUTI) when administered to healthy adult volunteers, compared to placebo; and determine its safe dosage range. An initial evaluation of immune responses to the vaccine compared to placebo will also be undertaken. In the present Phase I clinical trial, four increasing doses of RUTI will be tested, the groups composed by 6 volunteers each. (Total of 24 volunteers). The escalation to a new dose to test will be done after the safety of the previous dose has been ensured. For each dose of FCMtb to test, each volunteer will be inoculated twice (at day 0 and day 28) with RUTI (4 volunteers) or placebo (2 volunteers) and will be followed-up up to 25 weeks from the first inoculation. The global length of the study will be approximately 15 months.
Background: The TB and HIV epidemics are closely linked in developing countries, where 450,000 children die from HIV annually. TB is a major cause of death in HIV-infected children and is reversing gains made in child survival. The traditional tuberculin skin test (TST) has limited diagnostic accuracy for detecting TB infection. Adult studies suggest that new blood-based diagnostic TB testing offers a quicker, more accurate way to diagnose TB infection. Such diagnostic testing may directly guide clinical management and preventive strategies in immune-suppressed HIV-infected children, who are at high risk of becoming TB diseased following infection. Data regarding the usefulness of these tests in children is currently limited. Objective(s) and Hypothesis(es): The investigators hypothesize that blood-based TB diagnostic testing can accurately identify children with TB infection. In a community with high rates of TB and HIV infection, the following specific aims will be investigated in HIV-infected and uninfected children: 1. assess the agreement between the TST and blood-based diagnostic testing, 2. compare the performance of the TST and blood-based diagnostic testing to a standardized history of TB exposure, 3. measure the impact of age, nutritional and immune status on children's response to blood-based testing, 4. describe factors that might modify children's response to testing over time, and 5) examine the effect of environmental exposures and previous vaccination on the TST, blood-based testing and other measures of immune responses to TB. Potential Impact: The benefits of an accurate, rapid diagnostic test of TB infection in children include 1) timely institution of treatment for TB infection to prevent severe disease and mortality, and 2) preclusion of over diagnosis and treatment. Treatment of childhood TB infection also prevents future contagious adult disease, thus decreasing community transmission. Blood-based diagnostic testing may also be able to identify children that are more likely to become ill following TB infection. Therefore, blood-based diagnostic testing has great potential to improve TB control and the health of HIV-infected and uninfected children, their households and communities.
Tuberculous (TB) pleurisy can cause clinical symptoms and pleural fibrosis with resultant residual pleural thickening (RPT). Therapeutic thoracentesis or initial complete drainage in addition to anti-TB drugs have been tried to rapidly relieve dyspnea caused by effusion and to decrease the occurrence of RPT. However, contradictory results are reported without clear reasons. The researchers' hypothesis is that, in addition to anti-TB medications, early effective evacuation of inflammatory exudates with or without fibrinolytic agents may hasten resolution of pleural effusion, reduce the occurrence of RPT and finally improve long-term functional outcome in patients with TB pleurisy.