View clinical trials related to Thinness.
Filter by:The regulation of human body weight and fatness is not fully understood. Although some models of regulation have been proposed (set point, dual-intervention point, others), no studies have been designed to test their predictions. In this pilot and feasibility study, the investigators will implement an experimental approach to test the predictions of models of body weight regulation in humans. Men and women with either underweight or obesity will be exposed to a 2-day fasting followed by a 2-day ad-libitum refeeding. During the entire fasting-refeeding period, energy intake and expenditure will be accurately measured within metabolic chambers. The investigators will therefore determine the compensatory responses to fasting elicited to prevent weight loss. The results will serve to design and power future studies to better understand body weight regulation.
The burden of disease experienced by underweight children is significant, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Gut dysbiosis, an imbalance in microbial composition, is thought to play a role in nutrient malabsorption leading to underweight infants and failure to thrive. Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis (B. infantis) is a commensal bacterial strain important in the breakdown of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). A decrease in abundance or absence of B. infantis could lead to inadequate HMO processing, elevating intestinal pH and increasing the risk of pathogen overgrowth. Bi-26 is a B. infantis probiotic strain that is being evaluated in this study for its impact on weight gain and other health outcomes in underweight infants.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of CKD is increasing worldwide and is assumed to also dramatically increase in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Key shortcomings of available data on CKD in SSA are as follows: (i) Available data are based on single measurements and, therefore, cannot distinguish between harmless transient deterioration in kidney function and chronic kidney damage; (ii) Accurate information regarding renal protein loss, an important and early marker of kidney disease, is lacking; (iii) Cardiovascular risk factors for CKD, such as obesity, hypertension and diabetes, are often not searched for. Likewise non-classic potential risk factors, such as endemic infectious diseases, socioeconomic status and lifestyle have not been consistently recorded; (iv) Information to interrogate linked interaction over time between risk factors and development of CKD is unavailable. With this project, situated in a region representative of semi-rural SSA, we aim to fill this knowledge gap and (i) establish guideline conform prevalence data of CKD and its major cardiovascular risk factors, as well as (ii) prospectively define the incidence of cardiovascular- and non-classic risk factors of CKD. The data from (i) and (ii) is used to develop predictive models. A prospective cohort of 1200 individuals in a primary care facility will serve as study population. The population is representing a society in transition from rural to more urban lifestyle. In the pilot study, participants will be followed for one years and undergo the clinical and biomedical testing required to capture CKD and its classic and non-classic risk factors over time.
The goal of this observational study is to build on our previous work to further characterise the phenotype of superlean individuals (BMI < 18.5) when compared to normal BMI people (BMI 21.5 to 25). This will include characterising the body composition, food intake behaviour, circulating hormone levels, genetics and characteristics of the gut microbiota. The investigators expect to recruit up to 200 healthy superlean and control volunteers respectively,
Childhood malnutrition is a global public health issue with devastating consequences on the health, well-being, and psychosocial development of children. Emerging evidence suggests that malnourished children have immature gut microbiota compared to age-matched healthy controls and it does not repair even after nutritional interventions. The present study aims to characterize how the gut microbiome develops during the first two years of life in children residing in malnutrition endemic areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the region with the highest prevalence of childhood malnutrition in Pakistan and the region.
Background: Double burden of malnutrition is an emerging public health problem among children under-five years due to the inevitable consequences of nutritional transition. Addressing these two contrasting forms of malnutrition (undernutrition and overnutrition) simultaneously brings an enormous challenge to the food and nutrition policies of developing countries like Ethiopia. Children under five ages are more vulnerable to DBM, especially during the first year of their life due to high growth and inadequate diet. Hence, there has been a paradigm shift in thinking to reduce its effect on the health of children. However, interventions that are used to address these different kinds of malnutrition are implemented through different governance and still, they are isolated and disintegrated each other. Therefore, double-duty interventions can tackle the risk of both nutritional problems simultaneously in an integrated approach through nutrition behavior change communication. Objective: Therefore, the main aim of this pilot study is to assess the effect of selected double-duty interventions on the double burden of malnutrition among children under five years in Debre Berhan City, Ethiopia.
The goal of this cluster randomized controlled trial is to determine the effect of double duty interventions on double burden of malnutrition, dietary diversity score, and frequency of morbidity among secondary school adolescents in Debre Berhan City, Ethiopia. The main aim is to answer the following questions. 1. What is the effect of double duty interventions on double burden of malnutrition among secondary school adolescents? 2. What is the effect of double duty interventions on dietary diversity score among secondary school adolescents? 3. What is the effect of double duty interventions on among secondary school adolescents?
The randomized controlled trial design with one intervention arm (nutrition education and complementary feeding) and one control (usual care) arm (1:1 ratio). Randomization of each participant to the groups will be carried out using Random Allocation Software 1.0 (https://random-allocation-oftware.software.informer.com/1.0/) to intervention or control groups in a 1:1 ratio. The sample size to be recruited is 80 participants.
Introduction: The use of a nutritional protocols provides the standardization of assessment procedures and the optimization of nutritional status recovery of pre-surgical infants with Congenital Heart Disease (CHD). However, to our knowledge there are no validated instrument for presurgical nutritional support for infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) in Brazil. Objective: Assess the clinical effectiveness of the translated and cross-culturally adapted protocol, Nutritional Pathway for Infants with Congenital Heart Disease before Surgery (Marino et al., 2018), on the weight change of infants with congenital heart disease in two specialized cardiology hospitals in Southern Brazil in partnership with the UK research group that authored the original of protocol. Methods: A randomized, pragmatic clinical trial will be carried out. The sample will consist of children with CHD, between 0-12 months of age, awaiting cardiovascular corrective surgery from the Pediatric Outpatient Clinic in the Institute of Cardiology (IC) and Children's Hospital Santo Antonio of Santa Casa de Misericordia. The previously translated pre-surgical nutritional intervention protocol for infants with congenital heart disease will be compared with current routine nutritional guidelines used in the follow-up services of children with congenital heart disease in these institutions within the national public healthcare, SUS. Intended results: It is expected that the culturally-adapted pre-surgical nutritional support protocol for children with congenital heart disease will be effective in pre-surgical infant weight gain, which will likely improve surgical prognosis and clinical outcomes. And we hope that this protocol will promote the standardization of care, and will provide an empirically-based nutritional intervention that may improve the effectiveness of nutritional recovery in the CHD infants. Furthermore, the results may be used in the formulation of Brazilian guidelines for comprehensive care of children with congenital heart disease.
This is study among children attending child welfare clinics in Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The investigators want to find out if moderately malnourished children regulate the food energy intake similarly to healthy children, using an established method to assess energy compensation.