View clinical trials related to Risk Reduction.
Filter by:This is an open-label, non-randomized study. Volunteers will be vaccinated with the typhoid oral vaccine, Vivotif. Vivotif has been licensed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for travelers to developing countries. Volunteers will also be asked to provide blood, saliva, and stool specimens over a follow-up time period of up to eight years. The specimens obtained in this clinical research study will be used to further the investigator's understanding of the protective immunological mechanisms that can be elicited systemically and may be applicable to other enteric pathogens.
A randomized three arm control trial to examine the efficacy of two distinct apps (LYNX and MyChoices) developed for young men who have sex with men (YMSM) compared to standard of care (SOC) information about HIV testing and PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis).
Worldwide expansion of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) will be critical to ending the HIV epidemic. However, maintaining daily adherence to PrEP can be difficult and the accuracy of self-reported adherence is often limited by social desirability bias. Pharmacologic adherence monitoring (measuring drug levels in a biomatrix) has been critical to the interpretation of the PrEP trials, but testing usually requires expensive equipment and skilled personnel. We have recently developed a point-of-care (POC) immunoassay to measure tenofovir in urine, allowing real-time adherence monitoring for the first time. We now want to test the acceptability, feasibility and preliminary impact of monitoring adherence in real-time using this novel POC assay with adherence feedback provided to the patient with supportive messaging (versus standard of care adherence counseling).
The purpose of this research study is to provide help and support for mental health and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk reduction among Romanian gay and bisexual men. GBM will participate in this study using mobile device (phones, tablets, or laptops) and will complete several confidential surveys and 8 confidential one-hour sessions, either with a trained counselor via chat or by reading about health information. This study also involves testing for HIV, syphilis, chlamydia, and gonorrhea.
The purpose of this study is to examine (1) how the causal structure of a disease influences people's disease prevention decisions; and (2) how the causal structure of a disease interacts with people's regret anticipation in determining their disease prevention decisions.
The BRAHMS study is a prospective observational cohort study aiming to investigate how often people that are at risk to get infected with HIV contract HIV and how long people stay in the study. The University Hospital Essen is interested in finding out how often participants contact other sexually transmitted infections (STI) and hepatitis as well as in the development of HIV vaccines to test in the future. The University Hospital Essen will therefore also ask participants to fill out a questionnaire asking their general willingness to participate in such a trial (i.e., where the vaccine might be targeted to an HIV subtype not as common in Europe) to understand whether such testing would be possible in the future in Germany.
The University Hospital Essen is sponsoring the Multicenter human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted infections Prevention Network Study (STIPnet) which is funded by Janssen, Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson. STIPnet study is a prospective observational cohort study aiming to determine the incidence and point prevalence of HIV infection and the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in individuals with sexual risk behavior. In addition, the University Hospital Essen will examine whether individuals at risk for HIV and STI infections would retain in such a study (retention rate) and would be willing to participate in potential HIV and STI prevention trials (willingness to participate).
The "Safe Vehicle Engagement (SaVE)" trials are 3 parallel randomized clinical trials that aim to determine the impact of text messaging (SMS) vehicle safety interventions vs. weekly SMS vehicle safety self-monitoring alone on seat belt use, distracted driving and drink driving among young adults identified in the emergency department (ED) with risky vehicle behaviors.
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Qatar and nations worldwide has increased in recent decades into epidemic proportions. Cardiovascular (CVD) disease is the leading cause of death in T2DM patients. Approximately 80% of T2DM patients will die because of CV cause. Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a major cause of CV death in T2DM, and it also is responsible for significant morbidity and health care expenditure due to high rate of hospitalization for heart failure.
The purpose of this study is to compare conventional balance training to reactive training and to a novel, high intensity, harnessed training program. This study examines the impact of these interventions on fall risk and on a range of important aspects of balance including overall mobility, quality of life, and health. Participants will be 60-69 adults who had a stroke more than 6 months ago and who ambulate independently. Each participant will complete 14 sessions consisting of 4 (2 pre-, 2 post-) testing sessions and 10 intervention sessions. The pre and post testing will be the same and will consist of clinical and survey based balance and quality of life assessments and treadmill based perturbed gait testing. The pretest will be sessions 1 and 2 will be followed by 10 intervention sessions. There will be 3 treatment groups: a conventional balance training group (PT), a reactive slip training group (Slip), and a multidirectional harness group (MHG). Participants will be randomly assigned to a group following screening and consent. The conventional balance training group (PT) will receive 10 sessions of individualized standard of care physical therapy with the goal of improving balance and mobility. The only instructions to the PT are that the focus of the course of care should be on "balance and mobility" and that there should be 10 sessions. The reactive slip training group (Slip) will complete a standing slip session using the current protocol of scaling slip distance and force to each individual and modulating the slip intensity across the session based on subject responses. The remaining nine intervention sessions will consist of accompanied walking for up to 45 minutes. Participants will walk at a comfortable pace while accompanied by a researcher. The multidirectional harness group (MHG) will use a harness that allows movement in all directions, playing selected Kinect™ active video games with varied balance demands, on multiple balance training surfaces (e.g., rocker board, foam, slider platform). Participants will wear the fall-arresting harness for all game play. Motion data will be collected during Sessions 2, 6, and 10. For all groups, two-post-test sessions will follow the intervention sessions and will be the same as the two-pretest session. The final session will also include reviewing the participants' falls diaries and setting up procedures for contacting participants weekly or biweekly about falls.