View clinical trials related to Risk Reduction Behavior.
Filter by:The purpose of the study is to implement a multimodal lifestyle intervention over 3 months in individuals ≥ 60 years of age with coronary heart disease and to examine the adherence to this intervention program. The intervention focus on three main themes: physical activity, healthy nutrition and, if necessary, smoking. The framework is formed by a psychological component: views on ageing.
The purpose of this clinical trial is to evaluate and test a newly developed gender-affirming intervention that addresses the dual and interconnected risks of HIV and intimate partner victimization (IPV) among transgender women (TW). The main questions it aims to answer are: (1) will the study intervention reduce HIV risk within the context of IPV and related risk factors (e.g., substance use and PTSD); (2) will STARS improve primary prevention behaviors, such as condom use, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use, and repeat HIV testing; and (3) what are the mechanisms of change relevant to the theoretical foundations of the intervention, including gender affirmation, empowerment, and self-efficacy. The findings from this study will provide the necessary groundwork to examine the efficacy of this combined HIV-IPV intervention in a future, large-scale clinical trial. There are several components to this research study: - First, participants will be asked to complete a series of screening interviews/questionnaires to determine eligibility, including completing a HIV test. - If eligible, participants will then take part in a 2-3 hour baseline assessment consisting of both interviewer administered questionnaires as well as self-administered surveys. - Participants will then be randomly assigned to one of two treatment conditions: (1) a newly developed gender affirming intervention, known as Program STARS (Supporting Trans Affirmation, relationships, and Sex) or (2) a time-matched, attention-controlled program that offers free training in relaxation and stress reduction techniques (a.k.a., the comparison group). Both interventions offer unique components and the researchers do not yet know the impact the programs may have on participants' overall well-being. - Participants randomized to Project STARS, will be invited to complete a semi-structured exit interview (lasting 60-90 min.) after the completion of the program. - This clinical trial has three follow-up assessments: (1) post-intervention (i.e., after the peer-counseling programs are complete); (2) at 4-months follow-up; and (3) at 6-months follow-up. The follow-up assessments are structured the same way as the baseline assessment and are estimated to take around 1-2 hours. The total study involvement for this clinical trial is estimated to take approximately 10 to 12 hours over the course of six months.
The investigators will compare two brain health programs in older adults with subjective cognitive decline and lifestyle risk factors for dementia. The primary aim of the study is to determine the credibility, expectancy, feasibility, acceptability, appropriateness, fidelity, and satisfaction of the programs.
The aim of this randomized controlled trial is to improve birth outcomes and long-term outcomes in mother and child by optimizing lifestyle,nutrition and stress experience in the preconception period and early pregnancy in women and men The main research question that will be addressed is: Does an intervention focused on optimizing preconception and early pregnancy lifestyle, nutrition and stress improve the birth outcomes and long-term outcomes in mother and child? Participants will receive an individual lifestyle consultation at the start of the study. Depending on their study arm, participants will receive an additional lifestyle program focused on health during preconception and early pregnancy, coping with stress and adherence to a healthy(er) lifestyle. The given advices are based on national guidelines. Researchers will compare the intervention group and control group to see if (adherence to) this lifestyle program improve birth outcomes and long-term outcomes in mother and child.
The study will be a randomized controlled trial. The aim of the study is to determine the Breast Cancer (BC) risk and to evaluate the effect of BC risk counseling on lifestyle changes and adherence to risk-reduction practices among first-degree female relatives of BC patients in South-West Nigeria. This study's research questions are: - What are the Nigeria Breast Cancer Study (NBCS) and Gail models estimates of the BC risk of first-degree female relatives of BC patients in South-West, Nigeria? - What are the effects of BC risk assessment and counseling on adherence to breast screening recommendations among first-degree female relatives of BC patients in South-West, Nigeria? - What are the effects of BC risk assessment and counseling on adherence to lifestyle risk reduction recommendations among first-degree female relatives of BC patients in South-West, Nigeria? - What is the knowledge, attitudes, and perception of first-degree female relatives of BC patients in South-West Nigeria towards genetic testing and BC etiology? - What factors predict breast screening among first-degree female relatives of BC patients in South-West Nigeria? - What factors predict the time to first BC screening (post-intervention) among first-degree female relatives of BC patients in South-West Nigeria? Participants will be randomized into the control arm (standard care) and intervention arms of the study. The intervention arm of the study will have a BC risk assessment followed by individualized BC risk counseling. In addition, the intervention arm will receive BC awareness and MammaCare® BSE training. The control arm will receive only standard care comprising BC awareness and MammaCare® BSE training. Both study arms will receive BC screening recommendations and lifestyle modification recommendations. We hope that the BC risk counseling will improve BC screening practices and modification of risk behaviors and this hypothesis will be tested.
The goal of this observational study is to learn whether the healthy lifestyle choices made around surgery can influence an individual's long term risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Patients will be observed 1-month prior to and 3-months following surgery to assess their risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
This is a 5-year Hybrid Type 1 Effectiveness-Implementation Randomized Control Trial (RCT) that compares two models of linking and retaining individuals recently released from custody to the continuum of community-based HIV and opioid use disorder (OUD) prevention and treatment, medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) service cascades of care.
The University of Iowa in collaboration with the Cedar Rapids Community School District (CRCSD) conducted an effectiveness study to test a theory-based system, called Link, that trained school staff to provide a sustainable infrastructure of support for youth at-risk of violence. Our purpose was to prevent and intervene in violence that impacts students, and to adopt cost-effective school-based violence prevention strategies. The research team conducted a randomized intervention trial with three "clusters" of within the CRCSD using the procedures described in the following paragraph. Each cluster consisted of a middle school and three "feeder" elementary schools. Implementation of the program began in Fall 2017 at Cluster 1, Fall 2018 at Cluster 2, and Cluster 3 remained a control site and received no intervention. Program Implementation, by Cluster: A series of videos were produced by the University of Iowa team in conjunction with the CRCSD, and were offered as a training opportunity to school staff. The series of video trainings include: Trauma Informed Care (TIC) video to be viewed by all staff; and a Link Program training video for select staff. TIC video instructions was required of all staff during a workshop session. Participants were invited to complete a post-training evaluation survey following the viewing of the TIC video, for research. Concurrent with the delivery of the Trauma Informed Care video training, select staff were identified by the CRCSD research team to become Link interventionists, by participating in specialized training of the Link system using the Link Program video and in-person trainings. These interventionists had a dual role as a study participant and as a member of the research team. These interventionists were provided 4 in-person trainings throughout the school year that included training in child assent procedures, and Link Program training. These interventionists were invited to complete pre/post evaluation surveys at each training session, for research. Targeted Research Intervention: Following the Link Program Training, the CRCSD research team randomly assigned a case load of students to the Link interventionists with whom they used the Link Program skills. Following each student encounter, the interventionist completed a Link Case Management Tool for process evaluation. Link interventionists were also invited to complete a pre-evaluation survey prior to Link Program training, and post-evaluation surveys following training sessions. Data collected for the targeted student intervention included: primary data in the form of a Link Case Management Tool completed by a Link interventionist following each student encounter; secondary data in the form of existing school administrative data sources (i.e., enrollment and office referrals).
The goal of this study is to determine the most effective messages for encouraging patients with chronic conditions, who have not seen their doctor in at least one year, to return to the clinic. Study participants will receive postcards or letters encouraging them to make an appointment. Researchers will assess whether messages increase appointment scheduling (and attendance).
The most successful young adult alcohol or marijuana interventions involve the provision of accurate, nonjudgmental personalized feedback, but notably the inclusion and effectiveness of protective behavioral strategies (PBS) content is inconsistent. Moreover, active components of brief interventions are not well understood, and findings have been inconclusive regarding whether PBS mediates intervention efficacy of college student personalized feedback interventions (PFIs), with only some studies showing evidence of mediation. One possible reason for these findings is that investigators often do not know young adults' motivations for using (or not using) PBS or the quality of PBS use across individuals or across drinking occasions. The proposed study will provide an in-depth examination of which PBS young adults are motivated to use (including implementation quality) and reasons that young adults may or may not use PBS. Understanding why young adults are choosing not to use PBS on specific occasions or do not engage in effective or high-quality PBS use on certain occasions has significant clinical implications, whereby interventions may need to spend more time increasing motivations to use PBS in an effective manner or work on reducing perceived barriers (i.e., reasons individuals are not using PBS). Clinicians may then be better able to work with young adults in various settings to reduce or prevent excessive alcohol and marijuana use and related consequences. The proposed research has high potential for making a substantial impact on the field and public health (particularly as more states permit legal access to marijuana for those over 21) as it will address a problem of high importance (alcohol and marijuana use) by being the first to develop and refine a PBS intervention that specifically focuses on motivations for alcohol and marijuana PBS use and non-use as well as quality of use, which is an overlooked aspect of current PBS-related intervention approaches. The development of more efficacious interventions to reduce the proportion of young adults who engage in excessive alcohol use and who experience consequences is a key priority of the NIAAA. Related, development of more effective interventions to reduce risk from marijuana use is an area of great importance for the NIDA.