View clinical trials related to Respiratory Tract Diseases.
Filter by:This is a randomised controlled experiment in the form of a web based survey study which randomly exposes participants to different forms of public health messages, after which participants will be assessed on their intent to take up the COVID-19 vaccine, recommend the vaccine, and also willingness to propagate the exposed message.
This is a Phase 1/2, open-label first-in-human study of the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics, and anti-tumor activity of BLU-451 monotherapy and BLU-451 in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy (carboplatin and pemetrexed). All participants will receive BLU-451 on a 21-day treatment cycle.
Manual airway aspiration is a task performed by a nurse or caregiver and if the nursing/care work is overloaded, it has the disadvantage that airway aspiration cannot be performed an appropriate number of times according to the needs of the patient. Therefore, an electric phlegm suction system that can compensate for the shortcomings has been developed. The purpose of this clinical trial is to compare and evaluate the efficacy and safety of the test device by applying the unmanned electric phlegm suction system procedure using an investigational device (LMECA.A1000) and the conventional manual airway aspiration procedure to the patients who received mechanical ventilation through the artificial airway in this clinical trial.
Patients receiving dialysis are one of the highest risk groups for serious illness with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In addition to the inherent risks of travel to and dialysis within indoor facilities, patients receiving dialysis are more likely to be older, non-white, from disadvantaged backgrounds, and have impaired immune responses to viral infections and vaccinations. Universal testing offered at hemodialysis facilities could shield this vulnerable population from exposure, enable early identification and treatment for those affected, and reduce transmission to other patients and family members. In this pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial as part of NIH RADx-UP Consortium, we will randomize 62 US Renal Care facilities with an estimated 2480 patients to static versus dynamic universal screening testing strategies. Static universal screening will involve offering patients SARS-CoV-2 screening tests every two weeks; the dynamic universal screening strategy will vary the frequency of testing from once every week to once every four weeks, depending on community COVID-19 case rates. We hypothesize that patients dialyzing at facilities randomized to a dynamic testing frequency responsive to community case rates will have higher test acceptability (primary outcome), experience lower rates of COVID-19 death and hospitalization, and report better experience-of-care metrics.
Rationale: COPD is increasing in prevalence among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) as widespread use of ART has increased longevity in this population. In rural Ugandan ART clinics, we report COPD prevalence of 6.22%. Currently, it's not fully known what drives chronic lung inflammation in PLWHA population despite being virologically suppressed on ART. There is need to explore factors driving chronic airway inflammation among PLWHA. Airway microbiome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of COPD. Preliminary analysis from our study revealed that, specific microbes were significantly enriched in PLWHA with COPD with more lung bacteria impacted by HIV than COPD. These findings suggest that HIV-associated changes in unique airway microbial genera may be driving COPD among PLWHA in our cohort. Currently, we don't know how such genera drive chronic airway inflammation. Study objectives: In this study, we will: (1) establish a relationship between airway microbiome and Th17/Treg cellular phenotypes among HIV-infected individuals with COPD; (2) investigate bacterial-mediated Th17 upregulation of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic genes among HIV individuals with COPD and (3) explore the role of bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) in mediating microbiome driven Th17 immune responses among HIV individuals. Methods: We will conduct a 2-year case-controlled study, leveraging on the established lung microbiome cohort in rural Nakaseke district of Uganda. We will recruit 80 HIV-infected individuals ≥35 years attending the ART clinic at Nakaseke General Hospital screened for COPD as well as 80 HIV-negative controls ≥35 years attending the pulmonary clinic at Nakaseke General Hospital screened for COPD. In both cases and controls, we will consider 40 stable COPD participants and 40 participants with no COPD. Recruited participants will undergo sputum induction protocol at our newly established negative pressure sputum induction facility at Nakaseke General Hospital following established standard operating procedures. Using induced sputum samples, we will (i) perform 16S sequencing and metagenomics analysis to determine airway bacterial communities, (ii) RNA sequencing and analysis to determine gene expression profiles, mass flow cytometry and analysis to profile immune cells in induced sputum of study participants as well as (iv) ELISA tests to compare OMV levels between participants.
The aim of our study is to compare the effectiveness of the supervized pulmonary telerehabilitation program and the cognitive telerehabilitation method, which includes pulmonary telerehabilitation methods, in patients with severe stage COPD who have difficulty exercising heavily. The effects of pulmonary and cognitive rehabilitation on dyspnea, muscle strength, functional capacity, quality of life, anxiety and depression levels in this patient group will be examined. The number of studies in the literature in which the pulmonary rehabilitation program was applied as telerehabilitation is insufficient. Considering that this patient group is not motivated and has difficulty in exercising, motor imagery and movement observation methods from cognitive rehabilitation methods may be alternative methods for these patients. Although these methods have been very popular in recent years in terms of researching and demonstrating their effectiveness in various patient groups in the literature, no study has been found in which the effects of these methods have been applied in pulmonary disease groups. This study aims to contribute to the serious gap in the literature on the application of pulmonary telerehabilitation and its effectiveness, and to be an original study by investigating the effectiveness of motor imagery and action observation, which are popular rehabilitation methods of recent years, in COPD patients in the pulmonary disease group for the first time.
The SOLIDARITY PLUS Finland Long-COVID trial aims to assess the long-term effects of imatinib and infliximab, used during acute hospitalization due to COVID-19-infection, on long-COVID symptoms and quality of life (QoL) using questionnaires at six months, one and two years post-discharge. The primary research questions are whether imatinib or infliximab lower the risk of long-COVID symptoms and leads to better QoL in the long term. Objectives include: i) Long-COVID symptoms To investigate the effect of imatinib (vs. usual care only) and infliximab (vs. usual care only) on the occurrence of symptoms that have been associated with the long-COVID syndrome. The questionnaires will take place at six months, one and two years after the hospital admission. The questionnaire will be the same that has been used in the SOLIDARITY Finland Long-COVID trial on remdesivir. The questionnaire was developed by our multidisciplinary team of physicians, including the representation of multiple specialties such as general practice, lung diseases, neurology, internal medicine, rheumatology, genetics, and clinical epidemiology, and two patient partners. The symptom questionnaire - that will be completed by patients at one and two years - measures basic patient information (age, height, weight, smoking status, major comorbidity, and working status) and a wide variety of potential long-COVID-symptoms and their bother (1. Fatigue; 2. Attention deficits; 3. Memory problems; 4. Sleeping difficulties; 5. Depressive mood; 6. Anxiety; 7. Dizziness; 8. Headache; 9. Tinnitus; 10. Paresthesias; 11. Changes in taste/smell perceptions; 12. Postexertional malaise; 13. Palpitations; 14. Chest discomfort; 15. Nausea; 16. Skin rash; 17. Joint aches; 18. Muscle pains; 19. Continuous cough; 20. Respiratory tract mucous discharges). ii) Quality of life The EQ-5D-5L questionnaire will be used to compare patients' quality of life in imatinib, infliximab, and usual care arms. EQ-5D-5L questionnaire assesses the following domains: 1. Mobility; 2. Self-care; 3. Usual activities; 4. Pain and discomfort; 5. Anxiety and depression; 6. The visual analog scale of subjective perception of overall health. Additionally (at 1 or 2 years; depending on future funding and ethical approval decisions): - The Finnish healthcare registries (such as Statistics Finland Mortality Database, the HILMO Care Register for Health Care, and/or Digital and Population Data Services Agency (Finnish Digital Agency)) will be used to estimate long-term mortality and incidence of major comorbidity in treatment arms. - Lung function will be assessed using spirometry and diffusing capacity, as well as the six-minute walk test (6 mwt) in treatment arms. - Whole-genome genotyping will be performed for a genome-wide association study to investigate genetic correlates of long-COVID-19 -symptoms in treatment arms.
Studies reveal that the Covid-19 virus can be transmitted in three ways: respiratory tract, direct contact and feces. The incubation period is estimated to be 5.2 [4.1-7.0] days for the 95% confidence interval and the virus transmission coefficient (R0) baseline growth number is 2.2 [1.4-3.9]. The main signs and symptoms described in the literature are; other atypical symptoms, particularly fever (98%), cough (76%), myalgia or fatigue (44%); sputum (28%), headache (8%), hemoptysis (5%), vomiting (5%), diarrhea (3%) and shortness of breath were detected. In addition to lymphopenia, which is detected in 63% of cases, pneumonia is also present. Widely regarded as the cornerstone of pulmonary rehabilitation, exercise training is the best way to improve muscle function in COPD and other chronic respiratory diseases. After 326 patients hospitalized in the pandemic clinical services of a public hospital were randomly divided into the experimental (n=168) and control groups (n=168), the effect of the experiment on the respiratory parameters of the experiment will be monitored without any intervention in the control group, while deep breathing and coughing exercises will be applied to the experimental group. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of deep breathing and coughing exercises on respiratory parameters in patients treated for pneumonia due to COVID-19 disease.
Few data are available on the management of critically ill pregnant women with pneumonia related to SARS-CoV-2. In the absence of clear recommendations for the management of delivery, clinicians are faced with the risk of pregnancy continuation against the risk of premature birth. In these multicenter retrospective study, the investigators want to describe clinicians attitude on delivery management in pregnant women requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory distress syndrome related to SARS-CoV-2. Two strategies will be compared on maternal, obstetric and neonatal outcomes: - Wait strategy defined by no extraction within 24 hours of invasive venting - Early strategy defined by extraction within 24 hours of invasive ventin
Pre-hospital emergency health workers, who are on the front line among healthcare workers, are at greater risk in epidemic situations, as they are the first team to come into contact with the patient and are responsible for making necessary interventions by staying in close contact with the patient during the transfer process (1, 2). Health workers need to improve their knowledge, attitudes and skills during the pandemic process; on the other hand, they experience mental and communicative problems more strikingly. It is essential to increase the continuity of development, mental resilience, and communication of healthcare professionals(3). A randomised controlled study was planned to prepare a training program to improve pre-hospital emergency health workers' knowledge, attitudes, and skills about pandemic preparations and evaluate its effectiveness. The intervention study was conducted among pre-hospital emergency health workers in Eskişehir between July 2020 and December 2021. Ethics committee approval and administrative permissions were obtained. In the study, when the type 1 (α) error was 5%, and the type 2 error (1-β) was 95%, the effect size was accepted as 0.5, and it was calculated with the G*Power 3.1 statistical program that there should be at least 47 people in the groups. The study population consists of paramedics and emergency medical technicians(EMT) (N=420) in Eskişehir city, Turkey. Each participant in the study population was given a score by propensity score matching analysis according to age, gender, occupational group (paramedic and EMT), working time (year) variables. The study list was arranged according to the initials of their surnames, and the drawing method was used while assigning those with similar scores to four groups (experimental 1, experimental 2, control 1, control 2). Four groups, two interventions and two controls, were included in the study. The work consisted of five stages: 1. Determining the needs in education, 2. Development of educational materials, 3. Making pre-training measurements, 4. Implementation of the training program, 5. Performing post-training measurements. As a result of the evaluation, the subjects that healthcare professionals need to train were determined as knowledge, attitude, skills, infection control measures, communication skills, psychological resilience and attitudes of healthcare professionals to the patient in a simulated case and pandemic. The appropriate data collection form was chosen after the training program's content was determined. Before the intervention, the first measurements were taken via the COVID-19 knowledge, attitude, skills, and perceived barriers to infection control questionnaire, the communication competence scale, the psychological resilience scale, and the data collection form, including the simulated case approach. After the training program's content was determined, training was given to the intervention group with a video screening and the control group with the classical training method. After the training program, a post-test was applied after a four-week follow-up.