View clinical trials related to Pneumonia.
Filter by:This project will address rare immune mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) involving the lungs, i.e. interstitial pneumonitis (IP). The main objective of this study is to assess the effects of rituximab (RTX) as a rescue therapy for progressive IMID-IP patients. The primary study parameter is pulmonary function. The secondary objectives are to explore the application of imaging with radiolabeled RTX as early predictor for efficacy of RTX, to study the effects of RTX treatment on quality of life, and to further elucidate the pathophysiology of IMID-IP by analyzing biochemical markers.
The purpose of this "before-after" prospective multicenter study is to assess the impact of six Patient Information Leaflets (PILs) on Doctor Patient Communication scale (DPC) and adherence scale for common acute illnesses in emergency ward.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common nosocomial infection acquired by mechanically-ventilated patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). It has significant clinical and economic consequences, as it is associated with considerable morbidity, increased mortality, and excess health care costs. Appropriate antibiotic therapy for patients with VAP significantly improves outcomes, making rapid identification of patients with VAP an important clinical goal. This application is for support of a prospective, multi-centered study to evaluate the diagnostic value of lung ultrasound for VAP. The primary hypothesis is that the association of the Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) to specific lung ultrasound signs could allow for early and reliable diagnosis of bacterial VAP. Objective 1: To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of lung ultrasound alone and in association with the CPIS. Objective 2: To determine the frequency of specific lung ultrasound signs (subpleural consolidation, irregular B-lines) in VAP. Objective 3: To promote development of a diagnostic pathway for VAP incorporating CPIS, lung ultrasound, and unprotected tracheal aspirate (UTA).
DelAgua Health Rwanda (Implementation) Ltd. together with Rwanda Ministry of Health (MoH) are delivering an intervention, consisting on the free distribution of one advance water filter and one improved cookstove to all household classified as ubudehe 1 and 2 according to government approved registers (poorest tertile), in Western Province. The aim of this intervention is to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with diarrhoeal diseases and pneumonia in Rwanda. The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) will be undertaking an independent evaluation of this large-scale intervention to assess its impact on health. The trial will evaluate whether the provision of improved cookstoves and advance water filters can reduce pneumonia and diarrhoea disease in children under 5 years of age. A cluster randomized controlled trial (CRCT) with two arms of unequal size (3:1 ratio) will be use to answer this question. The 96 sectors in Western Province, Rwanda, will be randomised to either receive the intervention or the control. Each eligible household in intervention sectors will receive one EcoZoom™ Spartan and one Vestergaard Frandsen Lifestraw Family™ 2.1 water filter free of charge. Eligible households in control sectors will continue with their traditional cooking and drinking practices. Health data on children under 5 years of age will be collected from community health worker (CHW) and health facility records all across Western Province to evaluate the health impact of the intervention. The study will encompass 12 months of follow-up. After this time the control sectors will receive the intervention. This independent evaluation will also include a nested village-level study within the larger sector-level study, with the aim to evaluate uptake, consistent use and acceptability of the intervention, as well as to assess the impact on environmental exposures and health outcomes. 174 villages (74 controls and 74 intervention) will be selected for participation. Household surveys will be used to collect data on intervention use and acceptability as well as on self-reported health data. Water samples will be collected and monitoring of exposure to Households Air Pollution (HAP) will be undertaken. Measurements of blood pressure, expirated Carbon monoxide (CO) and pulse CO-oximetry will be undertake in primary cooks and or children under 5 years of age. Additionally, as part of this nested study, two exploratory studies will also be conducted. One will be focused on assessing the potential of biomarkers as indicators of environmental exposures (mainly HAP and water quality) and health status, while the other exploratory sub-study will assess the reactivity of participants to the use of remotely reporting electronic sensors to measure target behaviours.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a serious complication and carries increased risks of morbidity and mortality for patients who require mechanical ventilation. VAP is associated with the contamination and colonization of bacteria in the lower airway. These bacteria may be present in the lower airway by the aspiration of oropharyngeal secretions. Therefore limiting the amount of secretions that pass the glottis and enter the airway is paramount. Patients who require prolonged mechanical ventilation may have a tracheostomy tube placed to manage breathing. These tubes may have a distal cuff which sits within the trachea. When the cuff is inflated, oropharyngeal secretions will pool above the cuff of the tracheostomy tube thereby limiting the amount of secretions entering the lower airway. These secretions may leak around the cuff and cause tracheobronchial colonization. It has been shown that removal of secretions that pool above the cuff via dorsal lumen suction leads to a decreased incidence of VAP. The purpose of this study is to measure the effect of suction above the cuff tracheostomy tubes related to VAP incidence
Severe pneumonia has a high in-hospital mortality. There are few studies which investigate the long-term mortality in patients that are discharged alive from the hospital. In this study we want to investigate the 5 years mortality after treatment of severe pneumonia in an ICU. We will also investigate the cause of death after discharge from the hospital.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of intravenous nemonoxacin compared with intravenous moxifloxacin in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
Mild therapeutic hypothermia is currently recommended in management of cardiac arrests with shockable rhythm. In mechanically ventilated patients who were resuscitated after out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, mild therapeutic hypothermia side effects are conductive for infectious complications and especially for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Despite high incidence of VAP and other infectious complications, it is not currently recommended to use antibiotic prophylaxis on the responsible germs. Yet VAP incidence could be decreased if an antibiotic therapy was systematically given to patient treated with mild therapeutic hypothermia after a cardiac arrest. Several retrospective studies showed less infectious complications but also decreased morbidity and mortality related to these complications when antibiotic therapy was given early to patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest.
Pneumonia is the second common infection and its risk increases for elderly. In this population, it is the first cause of mortality by infections, and source of many complications. Geriatric studies had shown the high prevalence of ascorbic acid 's deficiency, especially in older hospitalized people. It is well known that vitamin C is one of the key of the immune system, it has a scavenger's role in case of aggression like sepsis. A Cochrane database published in 2013 analyzed the impact of vitamin C for preventing and treating pneumonia. Two randomized studies showed a benefit on respiratory symptoms for patients treated by vitamin C, and for one of those studies it was noted a significant reduction of mortality. The main objective of our study is first to determine the impact on respiratory symptoms of an adjuvant treatment by vitamin C for the management of pneumonia in older people hospitalized, and then evaluate its impact on functional status.
Background: - Burden: Pneumonia is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in under-five children, particularly in developing countries. - Knowledge gap: Although many studies have reported an association between vitamin D deficiency and pneumonia, there is lack in information on its therapeutic impact, i.e. the impact of vitamin D supplementation in the management of childhood pneumonia. - Relevance: Vitamin D plays an important role in modulating the innate immune response against infections. We, therefore, propose to conduct this study to assess the impact of vitamin D supplementation, in addition to standard antibiotic and supportive therapy, on the outcome of severe childhood pneumonia. Hypothesis: The investigators hypothesise that in the management of hospitalized severe pneumonia in under-five children, vitamin D3 supplementation, as an adjunct to the standard antibiotic and other supportive therapy, will hasten recover from severe pneumonia and may thereby shorten duration of severe pneumonia and also reduce the risk of new episode of pneumonia. Objectives: The objective of the investigators study is to assess the clinical benefit of oral supplementation of vitamin D3, in addition to standard antibiotic and other supportive therapy, to hospitalised, under-five children with severe pneumonia. Methods: This would be a randomised, double blind, controlled clinical trial (RCT). Children of either sex, aged 3-59 months, attending the Dhaka Hospital of icddr,b, with clinically diagnosed severe pneumonia will comprise the study population. Eligible children will be allotted a sequential study number, which will have been previously assigned to vitamin D or placebo in accordance with the randomisation. The study staff and mothers/ caregivers of the children will be blinded as to whether vitamin D3 or placebo has been added to their child's diet. Infants aged 3-5 months will receive breast milk and/or infant formula, and those 6 months or older will receive "Milk Suji" as a complementary food. Vitamin D3 supplementation will be given on five consecutive days, from the day of enrolment in addition to standard antibiotic and other supportive therapy. Outcome measures/variables: Primary outcome measure will be time to resolution of severe pneumonia. Secondary outcome measures will be duration of hospitalization, fever, tachypnoea, chest in drawing, hypoxia, lethargy and inability to feed during hospital stay and as well as new episode of pneumonia after discharge.