View clinical trials related to Opioid Use.
Filter by:The primary aim of this study is to evaluate whether celecoxib (CELEBREX) is equivalent to acetaminophen-codeine-caffeine (TYLENOL# 3) for the management of pain after primary elective open septorhinoplasty with osteotomies. Secondary objectives include comparison of adverse medication effects and complications (e.g., bleeding events and bruising) that occur postoperatively. Half of the study participants will receive celecoxib, and half will receive acetaminophen-codeine-caffeine. We hypothesize that both interventions will exhibit no difference in pain control or postoperative bleeding, but that participants taking CELEBREX will experience less medication-related side effects and less bruising postoperatively.
Administration of ultrasound guided peripheral nerve blocks is a procedural skill set that falls within the scope of Emergency Medicine practice. Extrapolating evidence from Anesthesia and Orthopedic literature (which shows decreased post-operative opioid use by surgical patients who receive regional anesthesia as part of their pre and perioperative pain management strategy) the investigators believe that early administration of regional anesthesia for long bone fractures by providers in the ED may have an as of yet unidentified positive impact on long term opioid use. If this is indeed found to be the case, early administration of regional anesthesia for extremity fractures would represent an area of focus for ED providers in the national effort by the medical community to combat opioid abuse.
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways are designed to optimize perioperative management, improving patient outcomes and satisfaction through multimodal techniques. Living kidney transplant donors are typically healthy individuals who undergo laparoscopic nephrectomy. The most significant hindrance to discharge to return to activities of daily living is frequently return of bowel function and postoperative pain. Through a randomized controlled trial design, we will evaluate the effectiveness of implementing an ERAS pathway. We hypothesize that preoperative patient optimization through exercise, carbohydrate loading, and counseling on expectations, in addition to multimodal pain management strategies which limit opioids would allow faster recovery, early bowel function, decreased postoperative pain, increased patient satisfaction and shorter length of stay. The study population will include a total of 42 patients (age 18-80) who are American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status (PS) 1-3, undergoing living donor nephrectomy. Our primary outcome measures will be postoperative opioid consumption. Secondary outcome measures are: postoperative pain score, time to return of bowel function, ambulation, first oral intake postoperatively, and patient satisfaction scores. Other objectives include reducing readmissions, shorter hospital length of stay and decreased operative complications, including nausea, vomiting and wound infection.
In light of the current opioid epidemic, there is an urgent need to address chronic opioid use prior to surgery before it is exacerbated by postoperative surgical pain. Our central hypothesis is that patients who taper their opioid use prior to surgery will have reduced postoperative opioid and pain medication usage, less postoperative pain, and improved patient reported outcomes relative to patients that do not taper prior to surgery. Our specific aims include: 1. Determine whether reducing patients' preoperative opioid usage through a structured tapering regimen reduces postoperative opioid and pain medication use. 2. Examine whether reducing patients' preoperative opioid usage through a structured tapering regimen reduces postoperative pain. 3. Determine whether reducing patients' preoperative opioid usage through a structured tapering regimen improves patient reported outcomes.
This study will be a prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial (RCT), investigating the influence of the number of opioid pills prescribed following primary hip arthroscopy. All patients who sign the consent form will be enrolled in the suited and randomized to one of the two treatment arms. The intervention group will receive 5 Norco pills, gabapentin (30 mg, once daily for 10 days following surgery), and Tylenol (1000 mg, three times daily for 10 days following surgery) while the control will receive the standard at our practice of 30 Norco pills.
The aim of this study is to evaluate patients who are undergoing partial mastectomy or removal of breast tissue and see if a pectoralis nerve block (PECS) can provide a meaningful improvement in postoperative pain control over standard pain medication. The hope is that this will decrease the need for postoperative narcotics. Prior studies have shown improved pain control using a PECS block in patients who undergo a mastectomy. PECS block is a procedure in which local anesthesia, similar to that used by dentists, is injected in the muscles of your chest and arm pit during your surgical procedure while you are asleep. This anesthetizes the nerves in the area which decreases pain. The local anesthetic used is called Marcaine. Marcaine is the brand name for bupivacaine hydrochloride which is an anesthetic known for its long duration in comparison to lidocaine. It is known that postoperative pain is a risk factor for chronic pain which is tied to increased narcotic use. Due to the opioid epidemic considerable time and research has gone into decreasing opioid use particularly in post-operative period. The PECS block procedure involves injecting local anesthesia between two chest muscles called pectoralis major and pectoralis minor. There is an additional injection between the pectoralis minor and serratus anterior which is another muscle of the chest. This study will be conducted at Lankenau Medical Center of Main Line Health. You have been selected since you will be undergoing a partial mastectomy (removal of a part of your breast). It is believed that PECS block has the potential to benefit your postoperative pain control. A total of 130 patients will be recruited and 65 will be placed into the treatment arm (receive intraoperative nerve block) and 65 will be placed into the non- treatment arm (no nerve block) for comparison.
The aim of this study is to determine if a standardized evidence-based opioid prescription following elective hand and forearm surgery at Toronto Western Hospital (TWH) will decrease the number of unused opioid pills consumed by patients while still maintaining adequate pain control as compared to usual treatment. Currently, no standardized prescription exists at our institution.
A growing body of research underscores the life- and cost-saving advantages of equipping people who use opioids with naloxone, but very little is known about: 1) barriers to naloxone awareness and access, and 2) the potential psychosocial and behavioral impacts of being "protected" by naloxone while engaging in overdose risk behaviors, of using naloxone on someone else, and of surviving an overdose in which naloxone is used. This research will provide insight into both of these domains to yield a richly contextualized understanding of the processes and mechanisms underlying changes in overdose risk behaviors related to naloxone access and use and will illuminate the disparities that may limit access to naloxone for some or result in compensatory behavior following naloxone exposure for others. Findings from this study will provide an empirical basis to strengthen and refine existing overdose prevention efforts and to design tailored interventions to engage opioid users who have recently survived or reversed an overdose.
This will be a pilot study utilizing Virtual Reality Analgesia (VRA) as a first line nonpharmacologic analgesic intervention on the Acute Rehabilitation Unit. In order to assess the efficacy of the intervention with a set of outcome measures will be defined: - Pain will be measured using the VAS for all subjects pre-, during and post-intervention via self-report. - Number of opioids/oral pain medication consumed will be analyzed - Patient anxiety will be measured on the Short ( State-Trait Anxiety Index) STAI anxiety scale pre- and post-intervention. - Heart rate and blood pressure will also be measured pre and post intervention.
The purpose of this study is to define common strains of cannabis that adult chronic cancer and non-cancer pain syndrome patients are using as a replacement for opioids (narcotics). Identified strains, if any, will then be tested via randomized controlled trials to support an application for a Health Canada Drug Identification Number.