View clinical trials related to Obesity, Childhood.
Filter by:This project will continue to follow two birth cohorts of mother-infant Latino dyads through a series of new assessments at age 6y, with an emphasis on examining the the role early nutritional exposures, exposures to environmental toxins, and social determinants of health have on adiposity, eating behaviors, brain structure and function, cognitive outcomes, and chronic disease risk.
The Mobile-based intervention intended to stop obesity in preschoolers (MINISTOP) program has been developed to be a comprehensive digital support program for all children irrespective of weight status. However, a one size fits all approach may not be sufficient as some families may require extra support through in-person activities to achieve the required lifestyle behaviour change in order to attain and maintain a healthy weight. Therefore, the aims of this pilot randomized controlled trial are to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of the MINISTOP Plus Program in pre-school children with overweight and obesity on: (i) children's BMI z-scores; (ii) intake of fruit and vegetables, sweet and savoury snacks, and sweet drinks; (iii) time spent in different physical activity intensities; (iv) screen time; and (v) parental self-efficacy.
Obesity is a significant cause of cancer and cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality, and diabetes incidence among rural communities. Arkansas has the sixth-highest proportion of rural population (~41%),and has the third-highest obesity prevalence (37.4%) in the nation. Arkansas has the third-highest prevalence of obesity for high school students (22.1%) and the fifth-highest prevalence for children ages 10-17 (20.2%). In Arkansas, children in rural areas have very high rates of both food insecurity (26%) and free and reduced lunch eligibility (72.9%). In the study's 6 participating school districts, free and reduced lunch eligibility ranges from 51.4% to 79.3%. School meals are an important opportunity to influence students' nutritional intake and long-term food preferences, which can reduce obesity. A multidisciplinary team has partnered with 6 rural Arkansas school districts which have agreed to participate in a study to evaluate the effects of an evidence-based population-level policy intervention designed to improve the nutritional quality of food served in schools. The study team will conduct a matched-pairs cluster-randomized trial with pre-test and repeated post-tests in 6 rural Arkansas school districts, 3 implementing CSNEI, and 3 matched comparison school districts following their existing nutritional practices. Baseline data collection will take place prior to implementation (Year 1), and follow-up data will be collected annually thereafter (Years 2-5). The study will compare individual-level change in relative body mass index (adjusted for age and sex) and district-level changes in the nutritional quality of food served, amount of food consumed per diner, and fruit and vegetable intake in school districts implementing the intervention compared to matched comparison districts.
NuRISH is a suite of clinical trials for children from low-income families which will determine whether primary healthcare prescription for: 1) Optimal breastfeeding with support from a mobile lactation consultant vs. usual care and 2) High-quality childcare starting at 1 year vs. usual care can prevent childhood obesity, and improve cardiovascular, developmental and mental health at 2 years of age.
There is a gap between research and clinical practice, leading to variability in decision-making. Clinical audits are an effective strategy for improving implementation of best practices. Quasi-experimental, multicentre, before and after. Primary care, hospital units and nursing homes, and the patients attended at both. Implementation of evidence-based recommendations by application of a continuous quality improvement cycle model (process of improvement by reference to a prior baseline clinical audit. Data will be collected at baseline and, during the first year of follow up, at months (3, 6, 12)
In Denmark, 15% of children are overweight and 5% obese. Obese children and adolescents have several metabolic complications, such as pre-diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and excess fat deposition in liver, already at a young age. In addition, obese children suffer from psychological issues such as low quality of life and anxiety. These findings underline the need for effective treatment strategies to eliminate the development of obesity-related complications. We will conduct a two-study project in order to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and lifestyle intervention in obese children and adolescents on several metabolic risk factors and psychological problems. Study 1 is a randomized controlled study including 150 obese children and adolescents recruited from the municipal obesity clinics in Northern Jutland. Study 1 will examine the value of a group based HIIT intervention in the children's local environment and investigate the association between HIIT and psychosocial wellbeing. Study 2 is a randomized controlled study including 60 severe obese children and adolescents recruited from Videnscenter for Børn og Unge med Overvægt (VIBUO) at Aalborg University Hospital. Study 2 investigates the effect of HIIT and lifestyle intervention on metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors. In both studies, the children and adolescents are 9-16 years old and will be randomized to lifestyle guidance or a combination of HIIT and lifestyle guidance for 3 months, both followed by 9 months of lifestyle guidance only. Our primary goal is to show the efficacy of HIIT and facilitate the establishment of permanent targeted training propositions for obese children and adolescents with local anchoring in the municipalities.
Children from rural communities are at greater risk for obesity than children from more urban communities. However, some children are resilient to obesity despite greater exposure to obesogenic influences in rural communities (e.g., fewer community-level physical activity or healthy eating resources). Identifying factors that promote this resiliency could inform obesity prevention. Eating habits are learned through reinforcement (e.g., hedonic, familial environment), the process through which environmental food cues become valued and influence behavior. Therefore, understanding individual differences in reinforcement learning is essential to uncovering the causes of obesity. Preclinical models have identified two reinforcement learning phenotypes that may have translational importance for understanding excess consumption in humans: 1) goal-tracking-environmental cues have predictive value; and 2) sign-tracking-environmental cues have predictive and hedonic value (i.e., incentive salience). Sign-tracking is associated with poorer attentional control, greater impulsivity, and lower prefrontal cortex (PFC) engagement in response to reward cues. This parallels neurocognitive deficits observed in pediatric obesity (i.e., worse impulsivity, lower PFC food cue reactivity). The proposed research aims to determine if reinforcement learning phenotype (i.e., sign- and goal-tracking) is 1) associated with adiposity due to its influence on neural food cue reactivity and 2) associated with reward-driven overconsumption and meal intake due to its influence on eating behaviors. The investigators hypothesize that goal-tracking will promote resiliency to obesity due to: 1) reduced attribution of incentive salience and greater PFC engagement to food cues; and 2) reduced reward-driven overconsumption. Finally, the investigators hypothesize reinforcement learning phenotype will be associated due to its influence on eating behaviors associated with overconsumption (e.g., larger bites, faster bite rat and eating sped). To test this hypothesis, the investigators will enroll 76, 8-9-year-old children, half with healthy weight and half with obesity based on Centers for Disease Control definitions. Methods will include computer tasks to assess reinforcement learning, dual x-ray absorptiometry to assess adiposity, and neural food cue reactivity from functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).
The primary aim of the present study is to record changes in the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of children/adolescents participating in the multi-professional group programme 'kinderleicht' in 2022 over the course of the eleven-month active phase. In addition, these data will be examined for correlation with changes in BMI, waist and hip circumference, and motor performance. Secondarily, the study addresses the questions of whether the recording of HROoL by means of the KINDL questionnaire is practicable for the programme leaders and what benefit can be gained from the analysed data for future cohorts.
This study will randomize children who have difficulty maintaining a healthy weight to one of two treatment groups: lifestyle therapy plus lisdexamfetamine or lifestyle therapy plus placebo.
The aim of this study is to look at changes in diabetes-related risk factors in Black adolescent girls who are at risk for type 2 diabetes after participating in a 12-wk telehealth lifestyle program.