View clinical trials related to Insulin Sensitivity.
Filter by:The objective of our study is to determine the effects of fish protein on insulin sensitivity in PCOS women with insulin resistance, and its mechanism of action on glucose and endocrine metabolism. Our working hypothesis is that dietary fish protein improves insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and related plasma endocrine and lipid abnormalities in PCOS women by restoring secretory β-cell function and insulin signaling to the PI 3-kinase activity/Akt pathway. We further hypothesize that fish protein will improve cycle regularity and ovarian function.
The purpose of this study was to assess the acute effects of increasing doses of pinitol on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity and to evaluate the absorption of pinitol after consumption of an oral nutritive pinitol-enriched beverage in healthy subjects.
The development of type 2 diabetes is based on a combination of insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction. In the last years, elevated FFA were recognized as a key players in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The study compares the acute effects of an oral lipid bolus on insulin sensitivity and hepatic glucose metabolism in healthy humans.
Rationale: It is well established that increased intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) is associated with incidence of cardiovascular heart disease (CHD). This effect is mediated by dietary saturated fat's impact on fasting plasma cholesterol levels. Research is needed to clarify the association between dietary fatty acids and metabolic risk markers beyond lipid profile. World Health Organisation (WHO) has recommended reduced intake of SFA with energy replacement from monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) or carbohydrates (CARB). However, limited evidence is available on the effects of dietary fatty acids on insulin sensitivity and secretion. The current study is designed to investigate the effects of SFA versus MUFA versus CARB on insulinemic response and lipid metabolism in healthy individuals with central obesity. Study design: A randomized, crossover, single blind design study was carried out. The subjects consumed controlled diets for 6 weeks each. They were provided 3 meals per day during weekdays in which SFA, MUFA and CARB diet was assigned to them randomly. Protein content was standardised at 14% energy. The SFA and MUFA diets each provided 31.5% energy intake from fat, with 69% of the total fats replaced by test fats (approximately 49 g/d based on a 2000 kcal basic diet). Each individual fatty acid provided approximately 7% of the total energy intake. The CARB diet provided approximately 34 g/day experimental fat based on a 2000 kcal basic diet. The CARB diet replaced 7 % energy of carbohydrate from total fat with the exchange from oleic acid (C18:1). Hypothesis: Changing energy from dietary fat (SFA and MUFA) to carbohydrate will influence insulin sensitivity, endothelial and vascular function, pro-inflammatory markers and lipid metabolism differently in individuals with metabolic syndrome. SFA (palm olein) may be comparable with MUFA (high oleic sunflower oil) with regards to its effects on insulin sensitivity, endothelial and vascular function and inflammation
The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of endurance on PSA doubling time in prostate cancer patients with an elevation in PSA following radical prostatectomy for localized cancer. Furthermore, underlying mechanisms such as reduction in inflammatory markers and improvement in insulin sensitivity and body composition are investigated.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of lowered physical activity (resulting in decreased muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity) alone and together with increased plasma free fatty acid availability (by infusion of a clinically widely used lipid emulsion (Intralipid)) on insulin sensitivity and glucose and lipid metabolism. To this end, we will compare skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity and glucose and lipid metabolism (within one subject) after 9 days of immobilization of one leg (unilateral lower limb suspension(ULLS))(decreased muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity) versus an active control leg (unchanged muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity). Further, changes in IMCL and fatty acid intermediates will be investigated in the immobilized vs the control leg, and this will be related to insulin sensitivity. The effectiveness of the ULLS intervention will be tested by measuring muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity in both the immobilized and the control leg. All measurements will be performed both in the immobilized and control leg after 9 days of ULLS.
This study is designed to determine whether the sensitivity of a participant's insulin varies from the morning to the evening.
The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects about 10% of reproductive-age women. Women with PCOS are at a higher risk of gestational diabetes, which may lead to more pregnancy complications. It is unknown if there are factors that may predict which women are more at risk. The goal of this study is to evaluate the risk factors of gestational diabetes, such as dietary and physical activity factors, race, and how the body handles its own hormones during pregnancy. Our long term goal is to contribute in finding ways to successfully prevent gestational diabetes.
Birth control pills are the most commonly used method of birth control. The purpose of this research study is to examine whether birth control pills change heart disease risk and how the body handles blood sugar when given to different women.
This study aims at assessing the effect of standardized dietary fat load and short-term aerobic exercise on systemic lipolysis, flexibility and partitioning of ectopic fat stores (intramyocellular = IMCL, intrahepatocellular = IHCL, intramyocardial lipids = IMCaL) in relation to FFA in endurance trained athletes and hypopituitary patients compared to sedentary healthy control subjects. Exercise is a powerful stimulation for growth hormone (GH) secretion in health. A standardised exercise test can, therefore, be discriminative for the diagnosis of GH-deficiency in adults. This will be assessed. Hypothesis (ectopic fat stores) 1. Ectopic fats stores are flexible fuel stores and are influenced by diet and physical activity.FFA availability may play an important regulatory role. 2. There is a tissue specific partitioning of triglycerides and/or FFA among non-adipose organs after fat load and physical exercise 3. The flexibility of ectopic fat stores is related to insulin sensitivity 4. Lipolytic and anti-lipolytic hormones are critical for regulating FFA availability (at rest or during exercise) and therefore also for the regulation of ectopic fat stores. 5. GH is a lipolytica hormone. Lack of GH in adulthood is related to decreased FFA availability thereby influencing ectopic lipid stores Hypothesis diagnosis of GHD 6. A short intensive physical exercise shows a good discriminative power to diagnose GHD.