View clinical trials related to Insulin Resistance.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the longitudinal test performance of an array of conventional biomarkers of glycemia, including Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and novel metabolomic biomarkers for identifying progression of glucose tolerance (normal to prediabetes or prediabetes to diabetes) in an overweight and obese pediatric cohort.
Oleanolic acid (OA), a triterpene that is highly present in olive leaves, has been proposed as component of functional foods in the prevention of metabolic syndrome due to its anti-inflammatory activity. In this research project we will study the presence of OA in postprandial TRL in healthy adolescents and in normal weight. Moreover, THP-1 macrophages will be incubated with LPS for 48h after pretreatment with OA at different concentrations. Also, TRL will be isolated from healthy adolescents before and 2 and 5h postprandially after the intake of a meal containing the functional olive oil or common olive oil and incubated with THP-1 macrophages.
General integrated goal of the coordinated project: To elucidate the role of succinate and other metabolites derived from the intestinal microbiota such as Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs), as energy sensing metabolites in the context of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Specific objectives of Subproject 1 (SP1): 1a. - To investigate whether intermittent fasting (IF) is better than Continued Daily Caloric Restriction (DCR) in terms of metabolic improvement through the study of: 1) the dynamics of gastrointestinal hormones and energy sensing metabolites, 2) the intestinal microbiome, 3) variability on succinate and SCFAs, MCFAs and Biliary Acid after weight loss; Methodology: clinical study: randomized, cross-over design, study participants (n=15) will consume either lifestyle recommendations for a healthy Mediterranean diet under a continued caloric restriction diet (DCR) or will undertake an intermittent (IF) protocol. Clinical, anthropometrical and functional studies. Metabolomics for gut derived metabolites in plasma. Enteroendocrine gastrointestinal dynamics. Metagenomic analysis.
The study aimed at assessing the effect of a decaffeinated green coffee extract, rich in hydroxycinnamates, oat beta-glucans or the combination of both bioactive compounds on overweight/obese subjects with hyperglycemia.
This study aims to explore the dose effects of three weekly volumes of high-intensity functional training (HIFT) on apolipoprotein B (ApoB), triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (CHOL) content of low-density lipoproteins (LDL), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) particles, fasting insulin and glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and endothelial function after a 12-week training program. Secondarily, this study aims to also explore the subjective dose-responses of "exercise enjoyment" and "intention to continue" after this 12-week training program.
Insulin resistance is defined as a decrease in the ability of insulin to lower blood glucose levels. Various pathological conditions can cause an increase in insulin resistance, such as sepsis, administration of certain medications, various stressful situations, surgery or significant injuries, etc. Sepsis can cause extreme stress, which causes significant changes in metabolism, disruption of blood glucose regulation and increased insulin resistance. In sepsis there is an extreme activation of inflammatory mediators and of counter-regulatory hormones, such as cortisol, glucagon and catecholamines, which increase hepatic gluconeogenesis on the one hand, and increase the peripheral resistance to insulin on the other hand. Disorder in the regulation of blood glucose level causes increased mortality and morbidity among intensive care unit patients with sepsis, as well as an increase in the duration of hospitalization and its financial expenses. There are a number of parameters used in the intensive care unit to diagnose the development of sepsis within the unit, such as an increase or decrease in body temperature, an increase in CRP level, white blood cell count, pro-calcitonin level, etc It is possible that an increase in insulin resistance can also be used as a predictor of sepsis. It should be noted that almost all patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit are treated with a continuous infusion of insulin to balance their blood glucose level, including patients who are not diagnosed with diabetes prior to their hospitalization in the unit. This is in light of the increase in insulin resistance for the reasons listed above among patients in critical condition, and also due to the need to maintain blood glucose values in the range of 140-180 mg/dl, since high blood glucose values among patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We would therefore like to investigate whether an increase in insulin resistance, as expressed in an increase in the patient's insulin intake, can predict the development of sepsis secondary to bacteremia in the intensive care unit.
Surgery induces insulin resistance lasting for 2-3 weeks. We wanted to elucidate if stress-metabolic, medical conditions carry the same effect.
Being overweight or obese has been associated with insulin resistance contributing to an increased risk for the development of type II diabetes. Food intake, metabolic rate, and blood glucose levels are regulated by the autonomic nervous system, including the vagus nerve. This study evaluates the hypothesis that non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) affects hormones that regulate food intake and blood glucose levels in a way that is consistent with reduced food intake and lower blood glucose levels. The investigators further hypothesize that these effects of taVNS depend on body weight. In a cross-over design generally healthy study participants will receive either taVNS or a sham intervention for 30 minutes on two separate study days. The order of the intervention on the two study days will be randomized and the two study days are at least one week apart. Based on body mass index (BMI) study participants are assigned to either a normal weight (BMI<25), overweight (BMI<30), or obese (BMI>30) group. Capillary blood samples taken by finger prick before and after the intervention on each study day will be analyzed for blood glucose concentration and hormones that are linked to food intake and blood glucose levels. In addition, autonomic function will be assessed by heart rate variability analysis of ECG recordings obtained before, during, and after the intervention on each study day.
The study will be carried out at the hospital of the medical school of sao paulo (HC-FMUSP) and the goal is to compare the effects of the administration of myo-inositol in relation to the effects of metformin in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and insulin resistance or glucose intolerance. Menstrual cycle, hyperandrogenism, chronic inflammatory process, carbohydrate metabolism, hepatic steatosis will be evaluated. In total, 60 women in the reproductive period, with a variable age between 18 and 36 years old will be recruited and randomized in two groups: intervention- myo-inositol for 6 months, control group will use metformin also for 6 months.
It has been observed that subjects with obesity and insulin resistance have higher concentrations of branched chain amino acids in plasma or serum. However, this association has been established under fasting conditions, so they only give information about a metabolic state and do not reflect the dynamics and flexibility of the metabolism of these amino acids in the absence or presence of insulin resistance. The main aim of this study is to compare the catabolism of branched chain amino acids and their keto acids in subjects with and without insulin resistance, after the infusion of an amino acid solution with high concentration of the branched chain amino acids, leucine, valine, and isoleucine. The results of this project will allow the investigators to understand the dynamics of the branched chain amino acids and their derivatives, and its relationship with insulin resistance, which could eventually be used to design nutritional strategies to treat insulin resistance and thus, delay the development of type 2 diabetes.