View clinical trials related to Insulin Resistance.
Filter by:This is a randomized controlled trial studying the effects of time-restricted eating (TRE) on weight loss in obese humans. Obesity is the number one risk factor for type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), and numerous studies demonstrate that weight loss is an effective strategy to prevent T2DM and improve the metabolic health of people diagnosed with T2DM. Unfortunately, classical calorie restriction diets often fail to produce long-term weight loss due to low compliance, reduced resting metabolic rate (RMR), and other factors. Therefore, novel dieting techniques must be explored in order to successfully treat obesity and prevent T2DM. Studies in mice provide compelling evidence that feeding/fasting cycles can be altered to produce beneficial effects on weight loss and metabolic health markers in the absence of calorie restriction. Limited research in human subjects suggests that this feeding paradigm may translate to human health as well, however, more research needs to be done in order to confirm this hypothesis. This study will determine if TRE can lead to weight loss in obese human subjects. Secondary outcomes include changes in body composition, HOMA-IR, hormonal and biochemical serum markers, RMR, and total energy expenditure (TEE).
This will be a validation study of Quantose IR and Quantose IGT to predict insulin resistance and identify patients with prediabetes. This is a pilot study of 100 subjects. Based on the results of this initial trial, investigators plan to perform a larger trial at UTMB. Quantose IR is a fasting blood test for insulin resistance and prediabetes, and is clinically validated in non-pregnant individuals. The Quantose IR Score is based on three novel nonglycemic biomarkers, as well as insulin, and provides a comprehensive measure of insulin resistance. These analytes include: - α-HB (α-hydroxybutyrate): positively correlated with insulin resistance and indicative of early β-cell dysfunction. - L-GPC (linoleoyl-glycerophosphocholine): negatively correlated with insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance. - Oleic Acid: positively correlated with increasing lipolysis and insulin resistance. - Insulin: increased insulin is characteristic of insulin resistance and is an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Quantose IGT is designed to estimate the risk of being IGT. It is calculated from a multiple logistic regression model based on the fasting plasma levels of: - Glucose. - α−HB. - β−HB. - 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid. - LGPC. - Oleic acid. - Serine. - Vitamin B5. Participants in the study will be consenting to data collection and two visits for lab draw. The investigators will then evaluate the performance of the Quantose IR and Quantose IGT in the study population.
It is well known that the hormone insulin lowers blood glucose in part by acting directly on the liver and reducing hepatic glucose production. Animal studies have shown that the hormone insulin can act on the brain to indirectly lower glucose production by the liver. It has previously been shown that a nasal spray can deliver insulin directly to the brain without affecting circulating insulin concentration in humans. Intranasal spray of insulin suppressed hepatic glucose production in lean subjects. It is unknown whether this effects is blunted in subjects with insulin resistance.
To investigate whether targeted lifestyle intervention (exercise), induces a change in intestinal fecal microbiota related to improved glycemic control and systemic inflammation in patients with DM type 2.
This study examines the effects of iloprost - a stable prostacyclin analogue - on insulin-mediated muscle capillary recruitment and whole-body glucose uptake in a cross-over design.
The present study will investigate the effect of high-fat overfeeding on a group of liver-secreted proteins linked to worsened blood sugar control, as well as proteins involved in appetite control. Participants will consume both a high-fat diet, consisting of 50% extra calories above their daily required intake, and a control diet, consisting of their normal 'habitual' diet, with each diet lasting seven days. The diets will be undertaken in a randomised order, with a period of three weeks separating the two diets. Blood samples will be taken before and after each diet to measure blood sugar control. Further blood samples will also be taken 24 hours and 72 hours into each diet to see how levels of the liver and appetite-regulating proteins change over the course of the seven days. It is expected that blood sugar control will be worsened by the high-fat diet and this will be accompanied by increases in levels of the liver-secreted proteins and an impaired release of the appetite-regulating proteins into the blood.
The order in which the different components of a meal are eaten may have impact on the postprandial metabolic responses to carbohydrates, fat and proteins. This study will compare blood lipids and glycemia regulation following lunches of identical composition but varying the order of intake of the different meal components.
The aime of this study is to envsitigate if ethanol has an incretin effect. This is done by administration of ethanol orally vs. an isoethanolaemic i.v. infusion of ethanol.
Determine the effects of reducing whole-body iron stores in overweight/obese subjects (via one-time blood donation) on adipose tissue iron content, factors regulating iron homeostasis and lipolytic rate in adipose tissue, as well as measures of adipose tissue and whole-body insulin resistance. After a screening visit to determine eligibility, subjects will undergo a battery of tests for the determination of primary outcome measures at baseline. They will then donate 1 unit (~500 mL) of blood (at a local blood donation center) and return for a follow-up testing 4 weeks after blood donation. During the 4-week period between study trials, subjects will be required to maintain a stable body mass and not alter their dietary or physical activity habits.
In 2012, a cross-sectional survey sampling 1,966 community-dwelling old people was conducted. Structurized questionnaires were interviewed face-to-face by well-trained staffs. An overnight fasting blood were obtained for biochemistry parameters.