View clinical trials related to Hyperglycemia.
Filter by:This study will see if HbA1C, the usual blood test for monitoring blood sugar control in diabetic patients, is as accurate in diabetic patients who also have HIV and will evaluate if alternative methods for monitoring blood sugar are preferred for HIV infected patients. HIV-infected patients 18 years of age and older with type 2 diabetes or high blood sugar may be eligible for this study. Participants have two clinic visits (1 to 4 weeks apart) at the NIH Clinical Center. At the first visit they provide a detailed medical, social and family history and have blood and urine samples collected. Previous blood sugar values are also recorded. At the second visit, scheduled for 1 to 4 weeks after the first visit, blood and urine samples are collected. Some of the urine and blood samples are stored for future research on diabetes, HIV or related conditions.
Over 50% of obese African-Americans (AA) presenting with newly diagnosed, severe hyperglycemia and/or unprovoked diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) display clinical, metabolic, and immunogenetic features of type 2 diabetes. Prior studies indicate that these patients a) have markedly decreased insulin secretion and impaired insulin action at presentation, b) absent or low prevalence of beta-cell autoantibodies and c) are able to discontinue aggressive insulin therapy in ~70% of cases within 3 months of follow-up. These patients have been referred to as having ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes (KPDM). Most patients with KPDM, however, experience a hyperglycemic relapse within a year of insulin discontinuation. Consequently, patients with "KPDM" are an ideal model to follow throughout their clinical course. The specific aims of this proposal are to 1) identify clinical, metabolic, and immunogenetic markers that alone, or in combination, are predictive of short- and long-term near-normoglycemic remission and 2) determine whether pioglitazone or sitagliptin therapy will delay an insulin-deficient relapse once insulin is discontinued. The Principal Investigator hypothesizes that measures of beta-cell function at presentation, alone or in combination with measures of insulin sensitivity, will correlate with the ability of a patient to achieve and remain in near-normoglycemic remission. She also hypothesizes that intervention compared to placebo will preserve beta-cell function, improve insulin sensitivity, and prevent an insulin-deficient relapse. This prospective, cohort study with a RCT arm would better characterize the natural history of KPDM, facilitate the direction of long-term therapy, and likely decrease the recurrence of DKA which is associated with increased mortality and morbidity.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether a paleolithic diet improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in people with coronary heart disease and impaired glucose tolerance.
Increasing evidence from clinical studies in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) settings indicates that insulin infusion can improve outcome measures for patients with hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) independent of a previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. This improvement in health could also apply to patients that have high blood sugars in various other non-critical care areas of the hospital as well. However, the data that shows improvement in health outcomes has been collected from wards that have a lower patient to provider and patient to nurse ratio, resulting in the ability for a much tighter control of the insulin infusion. We hypothesize that tight blood glucose control will provide the same benefits for patients in non-intensive care units settings but that these protocols may lead to a higher incidence of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and potentially to adverse outcomes in patients. This study aims to determine the clinical outcome of patients treated with insulin infusion as well as the rate of hypoglycemic episodes in non-intensive areas. We will conduct a chart review of patients treated with insulin infusions in non-critical wards at Emory University Hospital during the period of 7/1/04 to 6/30/05. Medical records of all patients treated with intravenous insulin infusion protocols will be analyzed. Data on demographics, laboratory values, mortality rate, rate of hypoglycemic events, length of stay, as well as disposition at discharge will be analyzed.
To determine whether intraoperative hyperglycemia potentiates renal injury in the setting of cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass.
The study is a multicenter, prospective, open-label randomized study to compare the safety and efficacy of continuous insulin infusion (CII) via a computer-guided(Glucommander) and a standard paper form protocol among the patients hospitalized in a medical intensive care unit (ICU).
High blood glucose levels in hospitalized patients with diabetes are associated with increased risk of medical complications. Improved glucose control with insulin injections may improve clinical outcome and prevent some of the hospital complications. It is not known; however, what is the best insulin regimen in hospitalized patients. The use of repeated injections of regular insulin (known as sliding scale regimen) is one of the most commonly used insulin regimen for glucose control in hospitalized patients with diabetes. Recently, the combination of basal and rapid acting insulins has been shown to improve glucose control with lower rate of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar).
The purpose of this study is to determine the dose of the GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin(9-39) which blocks the insulinotropic action of synthetic GLP-1 by at least 95%.
Between twenty and fifty percent of people who have acute stroke have hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) with it. Research has shown an association between hyperglycemia and poor recovery from stroke. However, it is not known if treating the hyperglycemia—bringing the blood sugar back to normal range—will improve the patient's recovery from stroke. This purpose of this study is to see if giving Insulin to normalize the blood sugar will decrease the size of the stroke in the brain and improve the patient's neurologic recovery. We hypothesize that early insulin administration to normalize blood glucose levels may be beneficial in cerebral ischemia and stroke.
The purpose of the study is to seek if there is difference to state glucose level in 80-120mg/dl or 200mg/dl in patients submitted to open heart surgery