Effectiveness of Directly Observed Therapy in Combined HIV and Tuberculosis Treatment in Resource-limited Settings

HIV Infections Clinical Trial

Official title:

Implementing Anti-Retroviral Therapy in Resource-Constrained Settings: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Effect of Integrated Tuberculosis and HIV Care on the Incidence of AIDS-Defining Conditions or Mortality in Subjects Co-Infected With Tuberculosis and HIV

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT00091936
• Other study ID #: CAPRISA START
• Secondary ID: CAPRISA 001START
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• First received: September 20, 2004
• Last updated: March 26, 2010
• Start date: August 2009

Study information

• Verified date: January 2007
• Source: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Health authority: United States: Federal Government
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Tuberculosis (TB), a bacterial infection common in HIV infected people, is a major problem in developing countries. The purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of a combined treatment strategy using directly observed therapy (DOT) for HIV infected patients with TB. Participants will be recruited from resource-poor communities in Durban, South Africa.

Description:

TB is the most common serious infectious complication associated with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa and is also the most common cause of death among HIV infected patients in developing countries. Furthermore, TB in an HIV infected person accelerates the progression of HIV disease and hastens death. This study will evaluate a combined TB and antiretroviral treatment (ART) strategy utilizing DOT in HIV infected people coinfected with TB. This study will compare two treatment strategies: TB and HIV medications given concurrently (integrated arm) and TB treatment completed first, followed by HIV treatment (sequential arm).

This study has two parts. The entire study will last 24 months after participants have been randomly assigned to one of two arms. Arm 1 (integrated arm) participants will receive didanosine (ddI), efavirenz (EFV), and lamivudine (3TC) once daily concurrent with standard TB therapy. ART and TB medications will be provided through DOT on weekdays; participants will take their medications without DOT on weekends. Arm 1 participants will also attend four 15- to 20-minute sessions of an adherence study program at study start, Week 2, Month 2, and 1 to 3 weeks prior to the end of TB therapy.

Arm 2 (sequential arm) participants will first receive DOT-provided TB treatment alone. After completion of TB treatment, participants will receive ddI, EFV, and 3TC once daily without DOT.

Study visits in the first part of the study will occur at screening, study start, Weeks 1, 2, and 3, and every month until the end of the first part of the study at Month 12. Study visits will include blood collection, medical and medication history assessment, a physical exam, and pill counts. Patients will be asked to complete an adherence questionnaire at every study visit and a sexual behavior survey and quality of life questionnaire at study start and Month 6.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 592
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Both
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria for First Part of Study:

• HIV infected

• TB infected

• Currently receiving standard anti-TB therapy (isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide)

• Currently participating in the Prince Cyril Zulu CDC Directly Observed Therapy (DOT) program and receiving treatment daily either there or in the community with a supervised community nurse or trained health worker

• Intending to stay in the area for the duration of the study

• Willing to participate in all follow-up visits

• Willing to use acceptable forms of contraception

• Female participants must be willing to have regular pregnancy tests during ART

Exclusion Criteria for First Part of Study:

• Have had 28 days or more of cumulative ART prior to study entry. Participants who have taken mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) and postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) prevention treatments are not excluded.

• Less than 10 days or greater than 28 days since starting current TB treatment

• Body temperature greater than 38.5 C (101.3 F)

• Rash, nausea, or vomiting of Grade 3 or higher

• Hospitalized or referred for hospitalization for care and treatment of opportunistic infections, TB, or other causes at screening or enrollment

• CD4 count less than 50 cells/microL within 28 days of study entry

• TB meningitis or TB that has spread to the blood and organs other than the lungs

• History of prior TB treatment or previous active TB episode unresponsive to a standard anti-TB regimen

• History of or current AIDS-defining condition as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO)

• History of or current pancreatitis

• Peripheral neuropathy of Grade 2 or higher

• Currently taking certain medications

• Suspected multidrug resistant (MDR) TB

• Any condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with the study

• Participation in any other study that may interfere with this study

• Pregnancy

Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Treatment

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• HIV Infections
• Tuberculosis

Intervention

Drug:
• Didanosine

• Efavirenz

• Lamivudine

• Standard TB treatment

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
South Africa	King Edward VIII Hospital	Congella	Durban
South Africa	Prince Cyril Zulu CDC	Congella	Durban

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Country where clinical trial is conducted

South Africa, 

References & Publications (5)

Cahn P, Perez H, Ben G, Ochoa C. Tuberculosis and HIV: a partnership against the most vulnerable. J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care (Chic). 2003 Jul-Sep;2(3):106-23. Review. — View Citation

Corbett EL, Watt CJ, Walker N, Maher D, Williams BG, Raviglione MC, Dye C. The growing burden of tuberculosis: global trends and interactions with the HIV epidemic. Arch Intern Med. 2003 May 12;163(9):1009-21. Review. — View Citation

de Jong BC, Israelski DM, Corbett EL, Small PM. Clinical management of tuberculosis in the context of HIV infection. Annu Rev Med. 2004;55:283-301. Review. — View Citation

Girardi E, Antonucci G, Vanacore P, Palmieri F, Matteelli A, Iemoli E, Carradori S, Salassa B, Pasticci MB, Raviglione MC, Ippolito G; GISTA-SIMIT Study Group. Tuberculosis in HIV-infected persons in the context of wide availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Eur Respir J. 2004 Jul;24(1):11-7. — View Citation

Girardi E, Goletti D, Antonucci G, Ippolito G. Tuberculosis and HIV: a deadly interaction. J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2001 Jul-Sep;15(3):218-23. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Diagnosis of an AIDS-defining illness
Primary	18-month mortality

External Links

•   Click here for more information about didanosine
•   Click here for more information about efavirenz
•   Click here for more information about lamivudine
•   Haga clic aquí para ver información sobre este ensayo clínico en español.