View clinical trials related to Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2.
Filter by:Obesity and diabetes share a common insulin resistance pathway and contribute to chronic hyperglycemia. Both high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and focused ultrasound (FUS) have been explored in the context of managing insulin resistance in diabetic individuals with abdominal obesity, though they operate through different mechanisms and have different implications.
Nitric Oxide (NO) is an important molecule that is produced naturally in the body and that helps maintain healthy blood flow. Low availability of NO contributes to many diseases while administration of NO is therapeutic. In addition to being made naturally in the body, NO can be obtained through the diet via the Nitrate-Nitrite-NO cycle. Nitrate, which is abundant in green leafy vegetables and beetroot juice, is partially converted to nitrite by oral bacteria. The nitrate and nitrite are taken up into the blood and nitrite is converted into NO. Remaining nitrate in the blood is taken back up into the mouth by salivary glands and the cycle continues. Emerging studies suggest that the Nitrate-Nitrite-NO cycle may contribute to cardiovascular health. In addition, there have been many studies where dietary nitrate is given to increase NO and treat various conditions. The current study rests on the premise that the quality of the oral microbiome plays a major role in the Nitrate-Nitrite-NO cycle and hence cardiovascular health and the efficacy of dietary nitrate interventions. Investigators have begun to identify oral bacterial species that are effective nitrite producers as well as though that are nitrite depleters (those that interfere with nitrite production from nitrate). In laboratory experiments, certain bacterial species have been shown to block nitrate to nitrite conversion by other oral bacteria. These nitrite depleting species are found in a commercially available oral probiotic designed to improve oral health. The purpose of this study is to examine if use of the probiotic negatively affects the Nitrate-Nitrite-NO cycle. Nitrate to Nitrite conversion will be assessed by measuring plasma levels of nitrite before and after consumption of nitrate-rich beetroot juice. Dietary nitrate to plasma nitrite conversion will assessed at baseline and after one week of consumption of the probiotic or a placebo (follow-up). The primary hypothesis of this study is that participants that consume the probiotic will have lower nitrate to nitrite conversion at follow-up compared to baseline and that there will be no significant change in nitrate to nitrite conversion between baseline and follow-up for participants who consume the placebo. While this study does not aim to treat any specific disease, it is intended to elucidate a basic physiological function that may be relevant to cardiovascular health and certain NO-based therapeutics.
This is a clinical trial that includes a run-in period, a 90 day micro-randomized trial, and a 90-day observational period. The goal of this study is to evaluate whether providing paired real time glycemic and health behavior data in a smartphone app leads to better glycemic control among adolescents and young adults with T2D. Glycemic control will be monitored using Continuous Glucose Monitors (CGM), and health behavior data will be collected via a Fitbit activity tracker and a research app (Healthmine). Participants will be prompted to view and reflect on glycemic trends and health behavior data (Fitbit data, logging of diet and medication adherence) during the 90-day micro-randomized trial period, then observed for ongoing use of the Healthmine app and engagement with CGM in the following 90-day observation period.
This phase II trial studies how well lower dose radiotherapy after chemotherapy works in treating children with central nervous system (CNS) germinomas. Radiation therapy uses high energy x-rays, particles, or radioactive seeds to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Carboplatin is in a class of medications known as platinum-containing compounds. It works in a way similar to the anticancer drug cisplatin, but may be better tolerated than cisplatin. Carboplatin works by killing, stopping or slowing the growth of tumor cells. Etoposide is in a class of medications known as podophyllotoxin derivatives. It blocks a certain enzyme needed for cell division and DNA repair and may kill cancer cells. Researchers want to see if lowering the dose of standard radiotherapy (RT) after chemotherapy can help get rid of CNS germinomas with fewer long-term side effects.
Diabetes during pregnancy increases maternal and fetal complications, necessitating optimal glycemic control. The standard care diet (SCD, ≥175g/day carbohydrate) lacks robust evidence, particularly for pregnancies requiring intensive insulin treatment (IIT). This RCT investigates whether a moderate carbohydrate diet (MCD, ≤120g/day) versus SCD improves glycemic control and alters metabolomic profiles in pregnant individuals on IIT. Aims: To compare the efficacy and safety of a SCD versus MCD on glycemic control, metabolomic signatures, and pregnancy outcomes in pregnant individuals on IIT.
The goal of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 6-month supplementation study in individuals with type 2 diabetes is to investigate whether taking daily dietary supplements of vitamin D3 (1600 IU) or prebiotics (inulin, 10 gram) has beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease risk factors.
This study aims to evaluate the effects of animated films and story books on the fear and anxiety levels of children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes.
This project aims to implement an adapted self-affirmation intervention among a population of individuals with diabetes to reduce the negative psychosocial impacts of stigma. In a self-affirmation, participants are guiding through a writing exercise writing designed to reinforce sources of self-worth before they encounter or engage in stressful or stigmatizing events. Participants in this study will be asked to complete self-affirmation exercises before their 3-month wellness appointments with their endocrinologists over the course of a year. The main questions the investigators are asking are: - Will self-affirmation reduce feelings of stigmatization? - Will self-affirmation increase self-efficacy and motivation to engage in condition management behaviors. - Will self-affirmation improve blood glucose control. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the intervention condition or a waitlist control condition. Participants in the waitlist control condition will also complete writing exercises but they will be abbreviated (this in the psychological literature is referred to as a "low affirmation condition"). At the end of the study, waitlist control participants will have access to the full exercise should they like to receive it. After each appointment and self-affirmation, participants will complete surveys assessing feelings of stigma and motivation to engage in condition management. All participants will already be using continuous glucose monitors. The investigators will compare both survey responses and continuous glucose data between our conditions to assess the efficacy of the self-affirmation intervention.
The goal of this observational study is to compare fetal liver ultrasound radiomics between pregnancies complicated by type 1 diabetes and healthy controls. The main questions it aims to answer are: - Are fetal liver ultrasound radiomic features reproducible? - Does fetal liver ultrasound radiomics differ between pregnancies complicated by type 1 diabetes and healthy controls? Participants will undergo ultrasound examination to collect ultrasound data for the analyses.
A randomized controlled clinical trial that will test how progressive resistance training will impact outcomes of sarcopenia in older patients with type 2 diabetes who have been diagnosed as sarcopenia. The intervention will be 12 weeks in duration with approximately 24 sessions of resistance exercises. Outcome measures will be collected at baseline, 4, 8 weeks and 12 weeks.