View clinical trials related to Dexmedetomidine.
Filter by:A retrospective study showed that intraoperative dexmedetomidine administration was associated with decreased risk of 1-year mortality after cardiac surgery. In a previous randomized controlled trial, 285 elderly patients undergoing cardiac surgery were randomized to receive either perioperative dexmedetomidine or placebo (normal saline) administration. The purpose of this 6-year follow-up study is to investigate whether perioperative dexmedetomidine can improve long-term outcomes in those recruited elderly patients after cardiac surgery.
Delirium occurs commonly in elderly patients. Its incidence after orthopedic surgery has been reported to be 5-61%. Delirium is classified into three sub-types: Hypoactive, hyperactive, and mixed. Although hyperactive delirium is not as common as hypoactive delirium, the abnormal behavior pattern of hyperactive delirium, such as agitation, confusion, or aggressiveness, is considered to be harmful to patients and medical personnel. Thus, it is important to promptly manage such behaviors associated with hyperactive delirium. Intraoperative sedation plays an important role in relieving anxiety or stress response of patients. Propofol-a common sedative agent-was reported to cause delirium more frequently, compared with dexmedetomidine, in post-cardiac surgery patients or mechanically-ventilated patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). In addition to the benefits of reducing opioid consumption and postoperative nausea/vomiting, dexmedetomidine is most often used for ICU sedation or procedural sedation. However, there has not been any prospective randomized study investigating how intraoperative dexmedetomidine sedation during regional anesthesia affects postoperative consciousness, perception, memory, behavior, emotion, and so on. In this study, based on the hypothesis that intraoperative dexmedetomidine sedation may reduce the incidence of abnormal psycho-motor behavior compared with propofol sedation, investigators prospectively will investigate the incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients who undergo orthopedic surgery with regional anesthesia.
Neuroapoptosis is induced by the administration of anesthetic agents to the young brain. Recent studies showed that the a2-adrenoceptor agonist, dexmedetomidine plays a trophic role during development and is neuroprotective in several settings of neuronal injury in animals. We hypothesized that neuroprotective effect of dexmedetomidine would be associated with evidence of brain injury detected by elevation of plasma concentration of glial fibrillary acid protein in children undergoing general anesthesia.
Specific Aim 1: To describe the adequacy of sedation associated with different regimens of IN DEX in children undergoing non-painful procedures. This aim will test the working hypothesis that IN DEX regimens are effective for producing sedation adequate for completion of non-painful procedures in children. Specific Aim 2: To describe the temporal characteristics associated with varied regimens of IN DEX in children undergoing non-painful procedures, such as time to onset of adequate sedation; time to procedure start; and time from procedure end to meeting discharge criteria. This aim will test the working hypothesis that IN DEX regimens have temporal characteristics that are favourable for sedating children for non-painful procedures. Specific Aim 3: To describe the adverse events associated with varied regimens of IN DEX in children undergoing non-painful procedures. This aim will test the working hypothesis that IN DEX regimens have a low incidence of adverse events.
Sleep disturbances frequently occur in elderly patients after major surgery; and their occurrence are associated with worse outcomes including increased incidence of delirium. Previous studies showed that, for elderly patients admitted to the ICU after non-cardiac surgery, low-dose dexmedetomidine infusion improved to some degree the quality of sleep and reduced the incidence of delirium. The investigators hypothesize that, for elderly patients after major non-cardiac surgery, dexmedetomidine supplemented analgesia can also improve the sleep quality. The purpose of this randomized controlled pilot study is to investigate the impact of dexmedetomidine supplemented analgesia on the sleep quality in elderly patients after major non-cardiac surgery.
The aim of this study is to compare the effect of dexmedetomidine on resting energy expenditure in relation to the midazolam in critically ill patients using indirect calorimetry
Delirium is a frequently occurred cerebral complication in elderly patients after surgery, and its occurrence is associated with worse outcomes. Sleep disturbances is considered to be one of the most important risk factors of postoperative delirium. Previous studies showed that, for elderly patients admitted to the ICU after surgery, low-dose dexmedetomidine infusion improved the quality of sleep and decreased the incidence of delirium. The investigators hypothesize that, for elderly patients after cancer surgery, dexmedetomidine supplemented analgesia can also decrease the incidence of delirium, possibly by improving sleep quality. The purpose of this multicenter, randomized controlled trial is to investigate the impact of dexmedetomidine supplemented analgesia on the incidence of delirium in elderly patients after cancer surgery.
The objective of this trial is to determine whether an opioid-free general anesthetic (OFA) technique utilizing ketamine, dexmedetomidine, lidocaine, and gabapentin can help reduce postoperative respiratory depression in the post-anesthesia care unit and ward in children with sleep-disordered breathing undergoing tonsillectomy when compared with traditional opioid-containing techniques. It is expected that this OFA regimen will have a measurable reduction on postoperative respiratory depression in children with sleep-disordered breathing.
Delirium is a frequent postoperative complication. Its occurrence is associated with worse long-term outcomes. In a previous randomized controlled trial, prophylactic low-dose dexmedetomidine infusion during the early postoperative period decreased the incidence of delirium in elderly patients after surgery. The purpose of this 3-year follow-up study is to evaluate whether prophylactic low-dose dexmedetomidine infusion can improve the 3-year outcome in elderly patients recruited in the previous randomized controlled trial.
The goal of this study is to determine the effects of dexmedetomidine on memory and recall of children who are receiving dexmedetomidine sedation administered for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. Dexmedetomidine is currently the standard drug for sedation for diagnostic (MRI, computerized tomography (CT) and Nuclear Medicine) radiological studies at Boston Children's Hospital (BCH). The effect of dexmedetomidine on memory and recall in children has not been studied.