View clinical trials related to Dexmedetomidine.
Filter by:An open-label, randomized, active control inpatient trial to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of sublingual dexmedetomidine for the treatment of agitation in inpatients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder as measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale - Excited Component (PANSS-EC) and Agitation-Calmness Evaluation Scale (ACES). Lorazepam will serve as the active control.
The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of airway topical anesthesia with nebulization to the spray-as-you-go technique using dexmedetomidine and lidocaine mixture to achieve upper airway anesthesia in TMJ ankylosis patients.
Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) refers to pain that occurs or increases after surgery and lasts longer than 3 months. Severe acute postoperative pain is one of the major risk factors of CPSP. Spinal correction surgery is associated with severe pain due to large trauma and long duration. Ketamine and esketamine are N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists; they have antihyperalgesic effects and may reduce CPSP. Dexmedetomidine is an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist with sedative, anxiolytic, and analgesic effect; it is frequently used as an adjuvant to postoperative analgesia. In a previous trial of 200 patients after scoliosis correction surgery, mini-dose esketamine-dexmedetomidine in combination with opioids significantly improved analgesia and sleep quality but did not reduce CPSP. The authors speculate that increasing esketamine dose in the combination may further improve analgesia and, therefore, reduce the occurrence of CPSP.
Ambulatory surgery is increasingly used in anesthesia. In case of general anesthesia, it is recommended to use anesthesia molecules with a short half-life and low doses of opiates to ensure a rapid awakening and to prevent nausea and vomiting by systematic administration of anti-emetics during the operation. Opiates (including sufentanil) have recently been called into question because of the nausea and vomiting and the delay in waking up induced by these molecules. To combat these side effects, the authors have proposed either to reduce the doses or to substitute them with dexmedetomidine, a sedative antihypertensive drug. Recent studies have demonstrated that opiates used in general anesthesia can be replaced by dexmedetomidine. However, literature data are controversial concerning the hemodynamic impact. No study has compared the hemodynamic profile of opioid-free anesthesia with dexmedetomidine versus conventional anesthesia with opioids. The ambulatory context lends itself to the use of dexmedetomidine because it is aimed at a population without strong cardiac pathology, concerns non-major interventions, with the need to optimize pain and side effects. The study authors therefore wish to compare the effects of induction of general anesthesia with low-dose Dexmedetomidine versus sufentanil, on post-induction hemodynamic stability in scheduled outpatient surgeries. The investigators hypothesize that hemodynamic stability at induction of general anesthesia with low-dose dexmedetomidine is not inferior to that obtained with sufentanil in scheduled ambulatory surgeries.
compare intranasal dexmedetomidine versus intravenous dexmedetomidine for improving quality of the operative field in Functional endoscopic sinus surgery
This study aims to compare the effect of dexmedetomidine infusion and oral melatonin on preventing delirium in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.
Background: Preterm infants undergo serial eye examinations during their hospital stay to monitor for the development of a specific disease termed "retinopathy of prematurity". While those examinations are known to cause significant pain and stress, the current standard of care (sucrose and local anesthesia) is not adequate in terms of alleviation of pain. Purpose: The goal of this clinical trial is to test the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine for pain management in preterm infants undergoing routine eye examinations. The main questions it aims to answer are: - Does dexmedetomidine reduce the pain scores of preterm infants during and shortly after eye assessments in comparison to placebo (saline 0.9%). - Does dexmedetomidine cause more adverse effects than placebo. In this crossover study participants will receive either dexmedetomidine or saline 0.9% intranasally 30 minutes before the examination, on top of the current standard of care. The participants will be monitored closely for 5 hours to note differences in adverse effects. The researchers will use video monitoring to assess the pain scores using a standardized and validated scoring system.
Scoliosis correction surgery is associated with severe pain. Patients after scoliosis correction surgery usually require high dose opioids and long duration analgesia, which may increase side effects and drug tolerance. In a recent trial, mini-dose esketamine and dexmedetomidine combination as a supplement to sufentanil significantly improved analgesia and subjective sleep quality after spinal correction surgery without increasing adverse events; however, the proportion of patients with moderate-to-severe pain remained high. The authors speculate that increasing esketamine dose in the combination may further improve analgesic effects.
This study aims to compare the efficacy of dexmedetomidine versus fentanyl during general anesthesia for patients with morbid obesity undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.
Along with aging population, cancer incidence and mortality are increasing. However, despite advances in oncology and surgery, long-term survival of cancer patients is far from optimal. Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective alpha 2 adrenergic receptor agonist with sedative, analgesic, and anxiolytic effects. Studies showed that perioperative use of dexmedetomidine reduces delirium and some non-delirium complications after surgery. In long-term follow-up studies of older patients who, for other reasons, were randomized to receive either dexmedetomidine or placebo during intra- or postoperative period, dexmedetomidine use was associated with improved long-term survival. This multicenter randomized trial aims to investigate the effect of perioperative dexmedetomidine on long-term outcomes in older patients undergoing cancer surgery.