There are about 1098 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Pakistan. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
The Lichtenstein technique for hernia repair is safe and simple, but the underlying mesh prosthesis has its setbacks, as it acts as a mechanical barrier5. The mesh does not provide mobile and the physiologically dynamic posterior wall. The most dangerous complication associated with the mesh prosthesis is its migration from the abdominal cavity's primary implantation site. The relatively knew technique developed by Dr. Desarda does not utilize the synthetic mesh rather it uses a strip of external oblique aponeurosis to strengthen the posterior wall. Our study has compared the two methods regarding various aspects.
The aim of the present study is to translate the Dizziness Handicap Inventory Scale into Urdu, Pashto, Punjabi, Sindhi and Balochi languages. Along with validation of the translated versions by evaluating their validity and reliability in the people of Pakistan, speaking respective languages and suffering from vertigo and dizziness. No such study has been previously conducted in the Pakistan region which translates the scale and follows the proper cross-culture adaptation.
This study was a Randomized Controlled Trial conducted at Ojha Institute of Chest Diseases, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, among pulmonary tuberculosis patients
The aim of the present study is to translate the Stroke Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire into local languages of Pakistan along with validation of the translated versions by evaluating their validity and reliability in the people of Pakistan, speaking respective languages and suffering from a stroke. No such study has been previously conducted in the Pakistan region which translates the specific questionnaire and follows the proper cross-culture adaptation protocol.
The aim of the study is to translate the neck disability index (NDI) questionnaire into Pushto, Punjabi, Sindhi and Balochi versions and o test the validity & reliability of translated versions of NDI among neck pain patients in Pakistan.
The main aim of the current study is to investigate the effects of Low-level Laser Therapy on exercise-induced muscle damage of wrist flexors in untrained young adults. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted at Sargodha Medical College, University of Sargodha. The sample size calculated is 16. The participants will be divided into two equal group; 1) Interventional group (Low level laser therapy), 2) Control group (conventional) each having 8 participants. The study duration will be six months after approval from Research board. Blocked randomization sampling technique will be used. The subjects will be randomly assigned to any of the interventional or control group. Interventional group will further be allocated to prophylactic or therapeutic group. Only Un-trained young Adults, Aged 19-25 (under-graduate/college and university students) without gender discrimination will be included in the study. Tools used in the study will be TALAG Scale (Soreness assessment), Goniometer (ROM), Algometer (Pressure¬-pain Threshold), Electronic digital hand Dynamometer (Grip Strength) and PRS (Perceived Recovery Status Scale). Data will be collected at baseline, 1hr, 24hr, 72hr, 96hr, 120hr, 148hr, 168hr and 192 hrs after the induction protocol.
The purpose of the study is to compare the effects of active release technique and post isometric relaxation in patients with piriformis syndrome on pain, hip internal rotation range of motion and functional disability. A randomized clinical trial was conducted at Shifa Intl. Hospital, Islamabad. The sample size was 26 calculated through open-epi tool but were recruited 30. The participants were divided into two interventional groups each having 15 participants. The study duration was six months. Sampling technique applied was purposive sampling for recruitment and group randomization using sealed envelope method. Only 35 to 55 years participants with diagnosed piriformis syndrome were included in this study. Tools used in this study are Goniometer, Visual Analogue Scale and lower extremity functional scale. Data was collected at baseline, 3 weeks after sessions and after one month follow up. Data was analyzed through SPSS version 20.
Hypertension is an increasingly important medical and public health issue. The prevalence of hypertension increases with advancing age to the point where more than half of people 60-69 years of age and approximately three-fourths of those 70 years of age and older are affected. The age related rise in SBP is primarily responsible for an increase in both incidence and prevalence of hypertension with increasing age. At present, it is estimated that about 1 billion people worldwide have hypertension (>140/90 mmHg), and this number is expected to increase to 1.56 billion by 2025. Because of the new data on lifetime risk of hypertension and the impressive increase in the risk of cardiovascular complications associated with levels of BP previously considered to be normal, the JNC 7 report has introduced a new classification that includes the term "prehypertension" for those with BPs ranging from 120-139 mmHg systolic and/or 80-89 mmHg diastolic. This new designation is intended to identify those individuals in whom early intervention by adoption of healthy lifestyles could reduce BP, decrease the rate of progression of BP to hypertensive levels with age, or prevent hypertension entirely. Prehypertension is not a disease category. Rather, it is a designation chosen to identify individuals at high risk of developing hypertension, so that both patients and clinicians are alerted to this risk and encouraged to intervene and prevent or delay the disease from developing. Individuals who are pre hypertensive are not candidates for drug therapy based on their level of BP and should be firmly and unambiguously advised to practice lifestyle modification in order to reduce their risk of developing hypertension in the future. The goal for individuals with prehypertension and no compelling indications is to lower BP to normal levels with lifestyle changes, and prevent the progressive rise in BP using the recommended lifestyle modifications.
Infections due to protozoa of the genus Leishmania are a major worldwide skin problem, with high endemicity in developing countries including Pakistan. As far as concern for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), there is no single therapeutic agent that has proved a satisfactory efficacy and safety. Therefore, the objective of this research study was to develop an alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of CL. In the current research protocol, two herbal topical formulations (Gyburene and Thuscare) were prepared containing to contain 5% Casuarina equisetifolia L. and Thespesia populnea L. plant extract and evaluate their leishmanicidal potential in pre-clinical and randomized clinical trials studies. Preclinical studies were performed on BALB/c mice after the development of a lesion on the dermis caused by the Leishmania (L.) major parasite. Six weeks randomized, single single-blind placebo controlled study was also conducted on seventy eight L. major infected patients divided into three groups i.e. treated, reference and placebo with the 1:1 ratios.
The insertion of central venous catheters (CVCs) has become an integral part of management of a critically ill patient. Access to the central vein may be required for the administration of hyper osmotic or vasoactive compounds, parenteral nutrition, and rapid infusion of large volumes of fluid or for the continuous or intermittent monitoring of biochemical or physiological parameters. Central venous catheter insertion is also indicated when the insertion of a peripheral line is not possible. Traditionally, CVC insertions have been performed using the landmark technique. Considering the number of CVCs being inserted every day, this can amount to a large number of complications. Efforts to minimize and prevent the occurrence of complications should be a routine component of quality improvement programs. There is an increasing body of evidence supporting the use of ultrasound guidance for CVC placement. This makes the strong rationale to conduct this research thus the aim of this study is to evaluate the real benefits i.e outcome of Long versus Short Axis ultrasound guided approach for internal jugular vein cannulation in the patient for elective cardiac surgery as central venous cannulation (CVC).