There are about 197 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Kazakhstan. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of an increased restrictive factor of one gastric anastomosis (OAGB) using a "FundoRing" fundoplication on metabolic outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The randomized controlled trial compared two interventional procedures: one group - using the original fundoplication procedure to enhance the restrictive effect and another group without fundoplication in the standard version of the OAGB.
The goal of this behavioral intervention clinical trial is to assess acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of a 4-session intervention to increase consistent HIV testing and linkage to care and prevention among HIV uninfected (assessed via on-site testing) female sex workers who use drugs in Kazakhstan. The main question it aims to answer are: 1. is the intervention acceptable and feasible 2. do participants randomized to the intervention arm report: 1) past 3-month testing; 2) frequent testing (2+ test over 6 mos.); 3) linkage to HIV care and ART initiation, if positive, or intention to uptake PrEP, if negative, as compared with control arm participants. Secondary outcomes include incident, biologically-confirmed STIs and stigma-related factors. Follow-up period is six months. All participants will be HIV-negative upon study enrollment as assessed via rapid HIV test. Participants randomized to the intervention arm will be engaged in a 4-session intervention that offers training and education in HIV self-testing, peer education on HIV self-testing, internalized stigma coping and resistance via basic cognitive restructuring, and provision of HIV self-test kits and reminders every three months. Researchers will compare participants randomized to the intervention arm to participants randomized to the time- and attention-control arm to evaluate impact of the intervention on the outcomes described above.
Comparison of efficacy and safety of low-dose oral Misoprostol versus folley catheter for preinduction in women with an immature cervix at term.
Researchers are looking for a better way to treat women with, or at high risk for developing hormone-receptor positive breast cancer, who have vasomotor symptoms (VMS), a condition of having hot flashes caused by anti-cancer therapy. VMS, also called hot flashes, are very common medical problems in women with hormone-receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer, who are receiving anti-cancer therapy. HR-positive breast cancer is a type of breast cancer, which has hormone-receptors (proteins) for female sex hormones estrogen and/or progesterone. These hormone-receptors may attach to hormones like estrogen and progesterone and thereby help cancer cells to grow and to spread. Treatments that stop these hormones from attaching to these receptors are currently used to slow or stop the growth of HR-positive breast cancer. It is already known that women with HR-positive breast cancer benefit from this treatment. However, hot flashes are common medical problems related to this therapy. They negatively affect quality of life of many women and may lead to discontinuation (stopping) of this therapy. The study treatment, elinzanetant is being developed to treat hot flushes. It works by blocking a substance called neurokinin from sending signals to other parts of the body, which is thought to play a role in starting hot flashes. The main purpose of this study is to learn more about how well elinzanetant helps to treat hot flashes caused by anti-cancer therapy in women with or at high risk for developing HR-positive breast cancer compared to placebo. A placebo is a treatment that looks like a medicine but does not have any medicine in it. To answer this, the doctors will ask the participants to record information about their hot flashes before treatment start and at certain time points during the treatment in an electronic diary. The researchers will then assess possible average changes in number and severity of hot flashes after 4 and 12 weeks of treatment. To see how safe elinzanetant is compared to placebo. The study will collect information about the number of participants who have medical problems after taking treatment. The study participants will be randomly (by chance) assigned to 2 treatment groups, A and B. The participants from treatment group A will take elinzanetant. The participants from treatment group B will start with placebo and then switch to elinzanetant. All participants will continue taking the anti-cancer therapy they have been using when entering the study. Dependent on the treatment group, the participants will either take elinzanetant or placebo as capsules by mouth once a day. After 12 weeks, the participants who have initially received placebo will switch to take elinzanetant for the remaining 40 weeks. Each participant will be in the study for approximately 62 weeks. The treatment duration in the study will be 52 weeks. There will be up to 12 visits to the study site and 6 phone calls in between. Participants who completed the 52 weeks treatment phase, will be offered to continue treatment for another 2 years. Visit frequency: every 24 weeks until week 152. During the study, the participants will: - record information about their hot flashes - answer questions about their quality of life and other symptoms. The doctors and their study team will: - check the participants health and vital signs - take blood and urine samples - examine heart health using electrocardiogram (ECG) - examine pelvic organs like womb or ovaries using a trans vaginal ultrasound scan to see images of these organs - make images of the breast using x-ray (mammogram), a type of radiation that passes through the body to make images of the inside and/or by using ultrasound (if applicable) - check the health of the participant's cervix (neck of the womb) by taking a small sample of cells (smear test) for an analysis called cervical cytology (if applicable) - take an endometrial biopsy, a small piece of tissue from the lining of the womb (called the endometrium) for analysis. - ask the participants questions about what medicines they are taking and if they are having adverse events. An adverse event is any medical problem that a participant has during a study. Doctors keep track of all adverse events that happen in studies, even if they do not think the adverse events might be related to the study treatments. About 4 weeks after the participants take their last treatment, the study doctors and their team will check the participants' health.
Despite modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of acute bowel obstruction (ABO), postoperative mortality ranges from 5 to 32%, and complications occur up 23% of cases. One of the formidable infectious and inflammatory complications of ABO is sepsis. The main component of the development of sepsis in ABO is bacterial translocation (BT). BT is the migration of intestinal bacteria or their products through the intestinal mucosa into the mesenteric lymph nodes and further into normally sterile tissues and organs. Today there are several methods for detecting BT: 1. direct method - the detection of 16s rRNA (ribosomal ribonucleic acid) in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN); 2. indirect method - the detection of serum lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and presepsin (Soluble CD14 subtype or sCD14-ST). The aim of this study is to determine the diagnostic and prognostic significance of bacterial translocation as a predictor of the complications development in patients with malignant and benign acute bowel obstruction by assessing the relationship of biomarkers in the systemic circulation (LBP, sCD14-ST) with the detection of microorganism genes (16s rRNA) in mesenteric lymph nodes.
This is an observational study in which data from the participants who will be taking different vitamin supplementation regimes before and during pregnancy. Vitamin deficiency is a condition where there is not enough vitamins in the body. During pregnancy, a woman's body may require more vitamins than usual. When the body does not get enough vitamins, people can take vitamin supplements to help increase the amount of vitamins in the body. It is already known, that polyvitamins can decrease risks of anemia (low level of red cells in the blood), neural tube defects (severe congenital anomaly of neural system) or other malformations, but also on several pregnancy complications. Nevertheless, a significant amount of evidence on the use of vitamins during pregnancy has been obtained in countries with low and middle level of living standards. Countries with higher living standards may have different prevalence of vitamin insufficiency, thereby it is not clearly known how vitamin supplementation may help to reduce pregnancy complications in these population. So, researchers think it is important to do more studies. Elevit contains many different vitamins and minerals. These vitamins and minerals are important to help women before and during pregnancy. In this study, the researchers want to collect more data about how well pregnancies progress and the outcomes of the pregnancies in women who are taking different vitamin treatment or supplements, including elevit. To do this, the researchers will review information collected from the participants to: - calculate how many women give birth without any complications between weeks 37 and 42 of their pregnancies - calculate how many women have low levels of red blood cells in the blood during the third trimester of their pregnancies - calculate how many women have a serious condition called preeclampsia during their pregnancy, a condition in which pregnant women have a sudden rise in blood pressure and swelling in the hands, feet and face - calculate how many women give birth to babies who weigh less than expected at the time of their birth - give the women a questionnaire to complete during each trimester to see how they are feeling The participants will have decided with their doctor to start their vitamin treatment or supplements before getting pregnant or during their pregnancy. During the study, the researchers will collect the women's information from their medical records taken during their regular medical appointments. The study will include women who are pregnant and who are planning to get pregnant. The study will include both women who have vitamin deficiency and women who do not have vitamin deficiency. Each participant will be in this study for up to 18 months., The whole study will last about 2 years and 10 months. During this time, the participants will visit their doctor 5 times as part of their usual care. The study is planned to collect data from October 2021 until June 2024.
Background and study aims: Currently, one anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) is a common bariatric procedure. Obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are steadily increasing world weight and antireflux surgery must be performed simultaneously with bariatric surgery in obese patients. In these cases, most often for GERD patients OAGB procedures only with hiatus cruroraphy is performed. The goal of this randomized controlled clinical trial is to compare bariatric and antireflux results after OAGB plus suture cruroplasty with FundoRing (n=50) versus Nissen fundoplication (n=50) and versus without total fundoplication (n=50) for patients with morbid obesity and GERD. The main questions it aims to answer are: - What is the impact of wrapping the fundus of the excluded part of the stomach use FundoRing method in the experimental group against developing reflux esophagitis compare impact standard Nissen in OAGB? - What is the impact of excluded stomach fundoplication on weight loss in FundoRing group versus standard Nissen group in OAGB? Methods: Adult participants (n=150) are randomly allocated to one of three groups: Experimental surgical bariatric procedure in the first (A) group: patients (n=50) undergo the laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass with excluded stomach fundoplication: FundoRingOAGB and suture cruroplasty (OAGB + SCP + FundoRing); Active comparator surgical bariatric procedure in the second (B) group: patients (n=50) undergo the laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass with excluded stomach Nissen fundoplication and suture cruroplasty (OAGB + SCP +NF). Active comparator surgical bariatric procedure in the second (C) group: patients (n=50) undergo laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass without excluded stomach fundoplication and only suture cruroplasty (OAGB + SCP). All patients are then followed up 12, 24, and 36 months after surgery where the changing body mass index and change of GERD symptoms (GERD-HRQL).
The aim of this study is to assess the epidemiological and clinical features of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Kazakhstan at the onset of the pandemic.
The proteinuria is widely recognized as a marker of kidney disease severity, as well as the predictor of renal function decline, cardiovascular outcomes, and all-cause mortality. However, the severity of kidney disease progression and these outcomes differs among patients with various amount of proteinuria. The potential mechanism underlining this disparity may be relevant to the quality and quantity of filtered proteins, especially their mechano-chemical properties such as physical viscosity and stiffness, amino-acid sequence, and molecular weight (low, middle and high molecular weight proteins). The goal of the current project is to develop and validate combined Brillouin & Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Spectroscopy technique for simultaneous non-contact assessment of visco-elastic and chemical properties of urine proteins as biomarkers of kidney disease. Systematic studies of these properties of proteins in urine samples to be taken from diseased and healthy subjects will be cross-validated by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LCMS). The project ultimately aims for the development of an optical spectroscopic sensor for rapid, non-contact monitoring of urine samples from patients in clinical settings.
endTB-Q Clinical Trial is a Phase III, randomized, controlled, open-label, non-inferiority, multi-country trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of two new, all-oral, shortened regimens for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) with fluoroquinolone resistance.