View clinical trials related to Carcinoma.
Filter by:In our previous study (title: Expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules class II- HLA-DR in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. ID 2222)the Authors verified that the epithelial cells of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck acquire the ability to express HLA-DR. Although the role of the expression of these molecules on neoplastic cells still remains controversial, a positive association between HLA-DR expression and clinical outcome was observed by us in analogy to what was reported by several studies on various types of tumors : in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, colorectal cancer , stomach cancer and others. In these tumors the expression of HLA-DR correlates with the presence of immune cells such as CD16+/CD11c macrophage myeloid cells, associated with a good prognosis and T cells which, recalled in the damaged tissue, they determine the formation of an immunogenic microenvironment that could support an anti-tumor immune response. Oncology studies are in fact focusing on the role of the tumor microenvironment which is characterized by different cell populations, among which the most abundant population is represented by tumor-associated fibroblasts (CAF). CAFs are fibroblasts which, in a tumor context, assume a phenotype similar to that of myo-fibroblasts and are distinguishable from normal fibroblasts by a greater expression of α-sma, FAP and FSP-1, which represent their specific markers, as well as a greater expression of vimentin, fibronectin, and type XI collagen. Numerous evidences in different types of tumors have reported both the immunosuppressive role, as these cells are capable in vitro of inhibiting the proliferation of T lymphocytes, to favor their apoptosis or to induce the phenotype of regulatory T lymphocytes; and the pro-tumor role, as they are capable of promoting tumor proliferation and invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis, thus contributing to the worsening of the prognosis. Many studies are directing their research on which factors secreted by CAFs are responsible for their function. In particular, among the many factors secreted by CAFs, there are the interleukins IL-17 and IL-33 which, as it has been demonstrated, can induce the activation of HLA-DR molecules on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells . It therefore seems interesting to investigate the role of HLA-DR in relation to the presence of the tumor microenvironment represented by CAFs.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of cancer among the Caucasian population. Equivocal BCC lesions are usually diagnosed by means of a punch biopsy, but since the last few decades, non-invasive imaging techniques for the diagnosis of BCC gained popularity within the field of dermatology. Conventional optical coherence tomography (cOCT) is an example of a non-invasive imaging technique. Recent studies revealed that OCT assessors may achieve high diagnostic certainty and accuracy for diagnosing BCC. However, cOCT has a limited axial and lateral resolution and can therefore only visualize the gross architecture of the skin. It has been proposed that the diagnostic certainty and accuracy of cOCT could be optimized by improving the resolution. Line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) is a new non-invasive imaging technique that provides tridimensional images of the skin with a cellular resolution. Although the resolution of LC-OCT is superior to cOCT, the penetration depth of LC-OCT (500µm) is limited compared to that of cOCT (1.0-1.5mm). In the proposed study, we aim to assess whether LC-OCT is superior to cOCT in terms of diagnostic accuracy for diagnosing BCC in equivocal BCC lesions.
According to the most recent guideline of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), desmoplasia is considered to be a very high risk factor for recurrence, metastasis and death in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). The presence of desmoplasia is assessed by dermatopathologists during histological examination of cSCCs. However, the inter-observer agreement is between dermatopathologists in the assessment of desmoplasia is unclear. Studies on inter-observer variability in the assessment of differentiation grade in cSCCs showed that there is only a weak to moderate agreement among dermatopathologists in the assessment of differentiation grade (2-4). This study aims to investigate the interobserver agreement of desmoplasia between dermatopathologists. In this prospective study, 50 cSCCs will be assessed for desmoplasia by at least eight dermatopathologists using a predefined definition.
This is a randomized, open-label study to compare how well LBL-007 works in combination with tislelizumab and chemotherapy versus tislelizumab and chemotherapy when given as the first-line treatment in participants with inoperable locally advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
This phase II trial tests how well cabozantinib in combination with atezolizumab works in treating patients with adrenocortical cancer that has spread to nearby tissue or lymph nodes (locally advanced), that has spread from where it first started (primary site) to other places in the body (metastatic), or that cannot be removed by surgery (unresectable). Cabozantinib inhibits receptor tyrosine kinases, which are receptors commonly over-expressed by tumor cells. This may result in an inhibition of both tumor growth and blood vessel formation, eventually leading to a decrease in tumor size or extent in the body. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as atezolizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Adding cabozantinib to atezolizumab may be more effective at treating patients with adrenal cortical cancer than giving these drugs alone.
This study examines tumor- en surgical characteristics of stage T3 cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas on the scalp, diagnosed between 2010 and 2018. Histological data and patient- and tumor characteristics were collected.
Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (GSRCC) possesses unique epidemiology and pathogenesis in the field of cancer, but its incidence is low. Unfortunately, there is currently a lack of systematic research focusing on the prognostic proteomic features of GSRCC. Given this knowledge gap, this study aims to comprehensively characterize the proteomic landscape of GSRCC using a reliable and reproducible DIA-PCT method. This study objectives include characterizing the heterogeneity of GSRCC, performing molecular typing, identifying potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, and providing a resource for stratified analysis of GSRCC. To achieve these goals, the investigators selected a cohort of 112 GSRCC patients from a pool of over 10,000 gastric cancer patients and conducted a proteomic analysis using the DIA-PCT method. This meticulous approach revealed four novel proteomic subtypes of GSRCC, each exhibiting unique molecular characteristics. Additionally, the investigators discovered that PRDX2 and DDX27 can serve as predictive biomarkers for GSRCC, which were further validated in an independent cohort of 75 GSRCC patients. Furthermore, the investigators paid particular attention to the MLT-GSRCC subgroup and identified three distinct proteomic clusters among MLT-GSRCC patients. Subtype 2 within this subgroup demonstrated the poorest prognosis. Through a rigorous screening process, the investigators determined potential targets for the treatment of GSRCC. In conclusion, these findings contribute to the investigators understanding of the heterogeneity of GSRCC and provide valuable resources for future clinical stratification and targeted treatment strategies.
Cadonilimab is a first-in-class bispecific, humanized IgG1 antibody targeting PD-1 and CTLA-4, which has the potential to boost immune surveillance in tumors. The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluated the efficacy and safety of cadonilimab combined with TACE in patients with intermediate-stage unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.
The goal of this observational longitudinal study is to learn about circulating tumor Human Papilloma Virus-DNA (ctHPV-DNA) as a biomarker for HPV positive oropharyngeal cancer and cancer of unknown primary of the head and neck. The main questions it aims to answer are: - Can ctHPV-DNA be used for treatment evaluation in HPV positive oropharyngeal cancer and cancer of unknown primary of the head and neck? - Can circulating HPV-DNA be used as a biomarker for recurrent disease during surveillance? Participants will be asked to leave plasma samples at diagnose, at the end of treatment and at every clinical follow-up. The patients are there own controls.
The goal of this China extension study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab plus belzutifan plus lenvatinib or pembrolizumab/quavonlimab plus lenvatinib versus pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib as first-line treatment in Chinese participants with advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The primary hypotheses are (1) pembrolizumab plus belzutifan plus lenvatinib is superior to pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib with respect to progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), in advanced ccRCC participants; and (2) pembrolizumab/quavonlimab plus lenvatinib is superior to pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib with respect to PFS and OS, in advanced ccRCC participants.