Propofol vs Sevo for Paediatric Tumor Surgery

Cancer Clinical Trial

Official title:

The Effects of Propofol Based Intravenous vs Sevoflurane Inhalation Anaesthesia on Inflammation and Circulating Tumor Cells in Paediatric Tumor Surgery - a Pilot Study

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT04475705
• Other study ID #: HKCH-REC-2020-013
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: Phase 4
• Start date: January 11, 2021
• Est. completion date: July 2028

Study information

• Verified date: March 2022
• Source: Hong Kong Children's Hospital
• Contact: Sau Man Lee, MBBS
• Phone: +85257413327
• Email: lsm335[@]gmail.com
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Background:

Retrospective studies and meta-analyses have shown a reduction in 5-year survival following inhalational based compared to propofol based total intravenous (TIVA) anaesthesia for cancer surgery. To date there have been no prospective trials published which evaluate the effect of anaesthetic technique on circulating tumour cells (CTC), oxidative stress, and recurrence rate following cancer surgery. Children with cancer often require surgery for tumour excision as well as for other diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. To date there has been no prospective randomized controlled trial evaluating the optimal anaesthetic technique for surgery on children with cancer.

Aim:

This is a pilot study in paediatric patients who require surgery for tumour excision. The aim is to investigate the effect of sevoflurane inhalational versus propofol intravenous anaesthesia on expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), circulating tumour cells, DNA damage and biomarkers of immunity and inflammation in patients before and after tumour surgery. The patients will be followed up for up to 5 years for tumour recurrence after surgery.

Method:

This will be a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. One hundred children undergoing tumour excision surgery at the Hong Kong Children's Hospital will be recruited and randomized to receive TIVA or inhalational anaesthesia. Baseline, intraoperative and postoperative blood will be taken for tests of immunity and inflammatory markers, DNA damage and circulating tumour cells. Patients would be followed up to 3 years for tumour recurrence and survival.

Description:

Surgical resection is the main modality of treatment for many solid tumors. Despite successful tumor resection, some patients develop local recurrence or metastasis, causing morbidities and mortality. In recent years, there is growing interest in the pathophysiology of recurrence or metastasis. It is believed that the recurrence is caused by the liberation of circulating tumor cells during surgical manipulation of the tumors and the vascular invasive properties of the tumor cells. Perioperative events, such as surgical stress and anaesthesia may have immunomodulating effects, causing growth or inhibition of circulating tumor cells, which affect disease relapse. There is growing evidence that propofol is anti-inflammatory while sevoflurane is pro-inflammatory and their potential roles in cancer recurrence attract researchers' attention. In adults, there is increasing number of researches showing that propofol may improve patient outcomes in terms of disease survival, when compared to sevoflurane. However, such evidence in paediatric population is lacking. This study aims to compare the effects of propofol based intravenous anaesthesia with inhalation anaesthesia with sevoflurane on perioperative biomarkers of inflammation, circulating tumor cells and disease free survival in 3 years.

100 patients will be recruited for this single blinded randomised controlled trial. They will receive general anaesthesia in Hong Kong Children's Hospital for their primary tumor excision surgery. 50 patients will be randomised to sevoflurane group and 50 patients will be randomised to propofol group. They will receive standardised anaesthetic management in terms of death or anaesthesia, pain management, fluid or thermoregulation management. Sevoflurane group subjects will receive inhalational sevoflurane as main anaesthetic, while propofol group subjects will receive intravenous propofol. These patients will have 4 blood tests collected for analysis for biomarkers of inflammation, DNA damage, oxidative stress and circulating tumor cells.

• baseline: once patients have intravenous access established

• intraoperative: when the tumor is deemed resected by surgeons

• immediately postop: after wound closure

• 24 hours postop Early postoperative period follow up will look for wound recovery, sepsis, and time to start chemotherapy and need for second look operation for wound complication.

Patients will also followed up for 3 years for tumor recurrence and disease survival.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 100
• Est. completion date: July 2028
• Est. primary completion date: July 2028
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 6 Months to 18 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• patients coming for elective primary solid tumor resection for curative intent in Hong Kong Children's Hospital

• AND patients > 5kg

• AND patients within age limit

Exclusion Criteria:

• Autoimmune / Chronic inflammatory diseases e.g. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) etc.

• Current Steroid therapy

• Surgery for tumour removal in the past year

• Allergy to Propofol

• intraoperative use of nitrous oxide

• Patient susceptible to Malignant Hyperthermia

• Patients / parents / legal guardians showing preference in anaesthetic techniques during recruitment process

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Cancer
• Carcinoma
• Malignancy
• Neoplasms
• Neoplastic Cells, Circulating
• Solid Tumor

Intervention

Drug:
• propofol
intravenous propofol using Target Controlled Infusion 'Paedfusor' model 2-5 as the main anaesthetic to achieve Bispectral Index 40-60
• sevoflurane
sevoflurane at Minimal Alveolar Concentration 0.7-1.3 as the main anaesthetic to achieve Bispectral Index 40-60.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Hong Kong	Hong Kong Children's Hospital	Hong Kong

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Hong Kong Children's Hospital	The University of Hong Kong

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Hong Kong, 

References & Publications (9)

Benzonana LL, Perry NJ, Watts HR, Yang B, Perry IA, Coombes C, Takata M, Ma D. Isoflurane, a commonly used volatile anesthetic, enhances renal cancer growth and malignant potential via the hypoxia-inducible factor cellular signaling pathway in vitro. Anesthesiology. 2013 Sep;119(3):593-605. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31829e47fd. — View Citation

Demicheli R, Retsky MW, Hrushesky WJ, Baum M, Gukas ID. The effects of surgery on tumor growth: a century of investigations. Ann Oncol. 2008 Nov;19(11):1821-8. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdn386. Epub 2008 Jun 10. Review. — View Citation

Divatia JV, Ambulkar R. Anesthesia and cancer recurrence: What is the evidence? J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2014 Apr;30(2):147-50. doi: 10.4103/0970-9185.129990. — View Citation

Heaney A, Buggy DJ. Can anaesthetic and analgesic techniques affect cancer recurrence or metastasis? Br J Anaesth. 2012 Dec;109 Suppl 1:i17-i28. doi: 10.1093/bja/aes421. Review. — View Citation

Huitink JM, Heimerikxs M, Nieuwland M, Loer SA, Brugman W, Velds A, Sie D, Kerkhoven RM. Volatile anesthetics modulate gene expression in breast and brain tumor cells. Anesth Analg. 2010 Dec;111(6):1411-5. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181fa3533. Epub 2010 Oct 1. — View Citation

Kushida A, Inada T, Shingu K. Enhancement of antitumor immunity after propofol treatment in mice. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2007;29(3-4):477-86. — View Citation

Tavare AN, Perry NJ, Benzonana LL, Takata M, Ma D. Cancer recurrence after surgery: direct and indirect effects of anesthetic agents. Int J Cancer. 2012 Mar 15;130(6):1237-50. doi: 10.1002/ijc.26448. Epub 2011 Nov 9. Review. — View Citation

Vinay DS, Ryan EP, Pawelec G, Talib WH, Stagg J, Elkord E, Lichtor T, Decker WK, Whelan RL, Kumara HMCS, Signori E, Honoki K, Georgakilas AG, Amin A, Helferich WG, Boosani CS, Guha G, Ciriolo MR, Chen S, Mohammed SI, Azmi AS, Keith WN, Bilsland A, Bhakta D, Halicka D, Fujii H, Aquilano K, Ashraf SS, Nowsheen S, Yang X, Choi BK, Kwon BS. Immune evasion in cancer: Mechanistic basis and therapeutic strategies. Semin Cancer Biol. 2015 Dec;35 Suppl:S185-S198. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.004. Epub 2015 Mar 25. Review. — View Citation

Wigmore TJ, Mohammed K, Jhanji S. Long-term Survival for Patients Undergoing Volatile versus IV Anesthesia for Cancer Surgery: A Retrospective Analysis. Anesthesiology. 2016 Jan;124(1):69-79. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000936. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	difference in Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 gene expression	pg/mL	intraoperative to postoperative 24 hours
Secondary	difference in levels of Interleukin-6	pg/mL	intraoperative to postoperative 24 hours
Secondary	difference in levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha	pg/mL	intraoperative to postoperative 24 hours
Secondary	difference in levels of high sensitivity C reaction protein	mg/L	intraoperative to postoperative 24 hours
Secondary	difference in levels of DNA damage (Comet Assay)	%T (percent tail)	intraoperative to postoperative 24 hours
Secondary	difference in levels of Glutathione Peroxidase	µg/mL	intraoperative to postoperative 24 hours
Secondary	difference in levels of Superoxide dismutase	units/ml	intraoperative to postoperative 24 hours
Secondary	difference in levels of urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG)	ng/mL	intraoperative to postoperative 24 hours
Secondary	difference in levels of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoGuo)	ng/mL	intraoperative to postoperative 24 hours
Secondary	difference in the quantity of circulating tumor cells (CTC)	cells/100 µL	intraoperative to postoperative 24 hours
Secondary	cancer free survival at 1 and 3 years	percent	intraoperative to postoperative 24 hours