Atherosclerosis in Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial Fibrillation Clinical Trial

Official title:

Study of Atherosclerotic Risk Factors and Oxidative Stress in Atrial Fibrillation. Relation to Cardiovascular Events

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT01882114
• Other study ID #: MetS1306/2007
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• First received: May 24, 2013
• Last updated: February 20, 2018
• Start date: November 2007
• Est. completion date: December 2020

Study information

• Verified date: February 2018
• Source: University of Roma La Sapienza
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients suffering from non valvular atrial fibrillation is derived from studies regarding recurrences of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation. Prospective studies in european countries are lacking. Furthermore, the impact of metabolic syndrome on cardiovascular events in patients with non valvular atrial fibrillation is still unknown.

Description:

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia that is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular events and increased morbidity and mortality. Cardiovascular events are prevalently localized in the cerebral circulation in which AF is responsible for ischemic stroke. Clinical characteristics of ischemic stroke from AF are almost severe and thromboembolism is considered the most important cause. Thus, ischemic stroke is deemed to origin from thrombus formation generated in the left atrium with ensuing embolism in the cerebral circulation.

Patients with AF are typically associated with different risk factors of atherothrombosis including, overall, hypertension which may be detected in about 70-80% of the population; other risk factors are diabetes and dyslipidemia. This accounts for instrumental evidence of systemic atherosclerosis associated to AF. Thus, signs of atherosclerosis have been detected in the thoracic aorta, as represented by aortic plaque assessed by trans-esophageal echocardiography; patients with complex aortic plaque had fourfold increased rate of stroke compared to plaque-free patients.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of atherosclerotic risk factors including, according to the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII), hypertension, low HDL, impaired glycaemic control, hypertriglyceridemia and central obesity as assessed by waist circumference; the presence of MetS is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiac and cerebral ischemic events.

An higher risk to develop atrial fibrillation (AF) has been well recognized in patients with MetS. In a prospective, community-based, observational cohort study with annual health check-up 28449 subjects without AF the age-adjusted rates of AF were higher in subjects with compared to those without metabolic syndrome during a mean follow-up of 4.5 years.

Few studies reported on the prevalence of MetS in AF population are still lacking. Some data can be inferred from studies regarding recurrence of AF after catheter ablation reporting a prevalence ranging from 18.8% to 49.4% . The only population study so far published included 741 chinese patients and reported a prevalence of the MetS in AF of 46.3%. Taking into account the thresholds of waist circumference recommended by international societies for different ethnic groups, it is unclear if such prevalence can be extrapolated to population of western countries.

Furthermore the impact of MetS on the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients with non valvular AF (NVAF) taking oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT) has never been investigated.

Therefore, our aim was to investigate the prevalence of MetS in a population of NVAF patients under oral coagulation treatment and its impact on cardiovascular events during a prospective study.

The study has been modified and approved by local ethical board of Sapienza University of Rome to include patients treated with non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (dabigatran, apixaban, edoxaban, rivaroxaban) on April 11, 2014 (Prot. 417/14).

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 3000
• Est. completion date: December 2020
• Est. primary completion date: December 2020
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• non valvular atrial fibrillation

• age >18 years

• any antithrombotic treatment

Exclusion Criteria:

• prosthetic heart valves, or the presence of any severe valvulopathies, severe cognitive impairment, chronic infectious (HIV, hepatitis C, HBV) or autoimmune systemic disease. Furthermore, subjects were excluded from the study if they had active neoplastic diseases or liver insufficiency (eg, cirrhosis).

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Atherosclerosis
• Atrial Fibrillation
• Blood Coagulation Disorders
• Disorders, Blood Coagulation
• Hemostatic Disorders
• Metabolic Syndrome
• Metabolic Syndrome X
• Oxidative Stress

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Italy	Umberto I Policlinico di Roma, Sapienza Università di Roma	Rome

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
University of Roma La Sapienza

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Italy, 

References & Publications (17)

Carnevale R, Pignatelli P, Frati G, Nocella C, Stanzione R, Pastori D, Marchitti S, Valenti V, Santulli M, Barbato E, Strisciuglio T, Schirone L, Vecchione C, Violi F, Volpe M, Rubattu S, Sciarretta S. C2238 ANP gene variant promotes increased platelet ag — View Citation

Pastori D, Carnevale R, Bartimoccia S, Nocella C, Tanzilli G, Cangemi R, Vicario T, Catena M, Violi F, Pignatelli P. Does Mediterranean Diet Reduce Cardiovascular Events and Oxidative Stress in Atrial Fibrillation? Antioxid Redox Signal. 2015 Sep 10;23(8) — View Citation

Pastori D, Carnevale R, Menichelli D, Nocella C, Bartimoccia S, Novo M, Leo I, Violi F, Pignatelli P. Is There an Interplay Between Adherence to Mediterranean Diet, Antioxidant Status, and Vascular Disease in Atrial Fibrillation Patients? Antioxid Redox S — View Citation

Pastori D, Carnevale R, Nocella C, Novo M, Santulli M, Cammisotto V, Menichelli D, Pignatelli P, Violi F. Gut-Derived Serum Lipopolysaccharide is Associated With Enhanced Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Atrial Fibrillation: Effect of Adhere — View Citation

Pastori D, Farcomeni A, Bucci T, Cangemi R, Ciacci P, Vicario T, Violi F, Pignatelli P. Digoxin treatment is associated with increased total and cardiovascular mortality in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol. 2015 Feb 1;180:1- — View Citation

Pastori D, Farcomeni A, Poli D, Antonucci E, Angelico F, Del Ben M, Cangemi R, Tanzilli G, Lip GY, Pignatelli P, Violi F. Cardiovascular risk stratification in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: the 2MACE score. Intern Emerg Med. 2016 Mar;11( — View Citation

Pastori D, Nocella C, Farcomeni A, Bartimoccia S, Santulli M, Vasaturo F, Carnevale R, Menichelli D, Violi F, Pignatelli P; ATHERO-AF Study Group. Relationship of PCSK9 and Urinary Thromboxane Excretion to Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Atrial Fib — View Citation

Pastori D, Pignatelli P, Angelico F, Farcomeni A, Del Ben M, Vicario T, Bucci T, Raparelli V, Cangemi R, Tanzilli G, Lip GYH, Violi F. Incidence of myocardial infarction and vascular death in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation taking anticoagulants — View Citation

Pastori D, Pignatelli P, Farcomeni A, Cangemi R, Hiatt WR, Bartimoccia S, Nocella C, Vicario T, Bucci T, Carnevale R, Lip GY, Violi F. Urinary 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 is associated with cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with atrial fibrill — View Citation

Pastori D, Pignatelli P, Farcomeni A, Menichelli D, Nocella C, Carnevale R, Violi F. Aging-Related Decline of Glutathione Peroxidase 3 and Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Sep 8;5(9). pii: e003682. — View Citation

Pastori D, Pignatelli P, Farcomeni A, Nocella C, Bartimoccia S, Carnevale R, Violi F. Age-related increase of thromboxane B2 and risk of cardiovascular disease in atrial fibrillation. Oncotarget. 2016 Jun 28;7(26):39143-39147. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.982 — View Citation

Pastori D, Pignatelli P, Perticone F, Sciacqua A, Carnevale R, Farcomeni A, Basili S, Corazza GR, Davì G, Lip GY, Violi F; ARAPACIS (Atrial Fibrillation Registry for Ankle-Brachial Index Prevalence Assessment-Collaborative Italian Study) study group. Aspi — View Citation

Pastori D, Pignatelli P, Saliola M, Carnevale R, Vicario T, Del Ben M, Cangemi R, Barillà F, Lip GY, Violi F. Inadequate anticoagulation by Vitamin K Antagonists is associated with Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in patients with atrial fibrillation. — View Citation

Pastori D, Pignatelli P, Sciacqua A, Perticone M, Violi F, Lip GYH. Relationship of peripheral and coronary artery disease to cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol. 2018 Mar 15;255:69-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.12.0 — View Citation

Pignatelli P, Pastori D, Carnevale R, Farcomeni A, Cangemi R, Nocella C, Bartimoccia S, Vicario T, Saliola M, Lip GY, Violi F. Serum NOX2 and urinary isoprostanes predict vascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation. Thromb Haemost. 2015 Mar;113(3 — View Citation

Pignatelli P, Pastori D, Farcomeni A, Nocella C, Bartimoccia S, Vicario T, Bucci T, Carnevale R, Violi F. Mediterranean diet reduces thromboxane A2 production in atrial fibrillation patients. Clin Nutr. 2015 Oct;34(5):899-903. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.09. — View Citation

Pignatelli P, Pastori D, Vicario T, Bucci T, Del Ben M, Russo R, Tanzilli A, Nardoni ML, Bartimoccia S, Nocella C, Ferro D, Saliola M, Cangemi R, Lip GY, Violi F. Relationship between Mediterranean diet and time in therapeutic range in atrial fibrillation — View Citation

* Note: There are 17 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Other	Mediterranean diet adherence in non valvular atrial fibrillation	To assess the adherence to the mediterranean diet in patients receiving oral anticoagulants	At baseline
Primary	Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in anticoagulated nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients	To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in a population of patients suffering from nonvalvular atrial fibrillation receiving oral anticoagulants. The relationship between metabolic syndrome and vascular events will be described. Vascular events included a composite outcome of fatal and non fatal acute myocardial infarction, acute fatal and non fatal ischemic stroke, cardiac revascularization (stent/cabg), cardiovascular death.	At baseline
Secondary	Progression of atherosclerosis in non valvular atrial fibrillation patients receiving oral anticoagulant therapy.	To assess the progression of atherosclerosis in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients defined by some surrogate markers. In particular ankle brachial index, intima media thickness, flow mediated dilation and transthoracic echocardiogram will be performed to all enrolled patients.	One year
Secondary	Analysis of oxidative stress markers in atrial fibrillation	Oxidative stress markers such as plasmatic and urinary isoprostanes, thromboxane, platelet recruitment, reactive species of oxygen, nadph oxidase(nox2)will be measured. Differences of these markers among patients experiencing or not a vascular outcome will be described	At baseline
Secondary	Changing in glomerular filtration rate of anticoagulated patients with non valvular atrial fibrillation	To assess changes in renal function after one year of follow up in patients with non valvular atrial fibrillation receiving oral anticoagulants	One year
Secondary	Determinants of Time in Therapeutic Range	To assess the determinants of time in therapeutic range (TTR) in patients receiving oral anticoagulants	Patients will be followed for an expected mean time of 25 months
Secondary	Use of digoxin in atrial fibrillation	Use of digoxin will be assessed at baseline. The relationship with vascular outcomes will be described	At baseline
Secondary	Echocardiographic characteristics in patients with paroxysmal or persistent/permanent atrial fibrillation	Transthoracic echocardiography will be performed at baseline. Morphologic and functional measures will be registered. The relationship with vascular outcome will be described	At baseline