View clinical trials related to Apnea.
Filter by:Breathing is a crucial function for everyone. Breathing impairment in children could lead to behavioral and cognitive problems at least. But what if orthodontic treatment could help those patients to breathe better, with less effort? This research proposal aims to find out if the increase in the upper airway volume seen in some research results can be related to a decrease in respiratory effort and an improvement in the breathing capacity of those patients. In other words, if a tube shape is changed or if a tube is enlarged, would the airflow passing inside the tube change in velocity? Or would there be more air? Therefore, investigating the pressure/airflow, volume/lumen relation and its possible changes after mandibular repositioning and maxillary expansion in children will lead to a better understanding of how orthodontics could potentially affect the upper airway. Previous studies have reported a link between mandibular advancement appliances and maxillary appliances to an increase in the upper airway volume. However, more studies are needed to evaluate the relationship between the changes in the upper airway volume and actual airflow and respiratory capability. The airway volume measurement is important to, preliminary, state if there is an increase in the upper airway after orthodontic treatment. However a change in shape, even with the same volume, can affect the pressure and airflow. In this sense, the pressure drop analysis will allow an answer to those questions
Sleep-disordered breathing including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an extremely common medical disorder associated with important morbidity. The purpose of this study is to understand the clinical features and course of patients with sleep apnea in Korea. Participants who are suspected of sleep apnea due to symptoms such as snoring, witnessed apneas, waking up with a choking sensation, excessive sleepiness, non-restorative sleep, difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, fatigue or tiredness, and morning headache will be prospectively recruited at the outpatient clinic of Seoul National University Hospital. After polysomnography (PSG) or respiratory polygraphy, patients with sleep apnea including OSA and central sleep apnea (CSA) will be followed regularly. Participants not having sleep apnea (apnea-hypopnea index < 5/hour) will only have a baseline visit. For only participants with the informed consent of donating blood, their blood samples will be collected and stored in the Seoul National University Hospital-Human Biobank (SNUH-HUB).
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are highly prevalent chronic respiratory diseases in the Veteran population. OSA co-occurring with COPD, known as Overlap Syndrome (OVS), is a complex chronic medical condition associated with grave consequences. OVS is highly prevalent in Veterans. Veterans with OVS may be at increased risk for cognitive deficits, poor sleep quality as well as a reduced quality of life (QoL). The overall objective is to study the effects of positive airway pressure therapy on clinical outcomes in patients with OVS.
It has been shown to date that obesity is associated with increased mortality and that weight loss significantly improves cardiovascular risk factors. Among patients receiving bariatric surgery, 30-90% have moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome. Given the strong associations between OSA and cardiometabolic comorbidities, this project is based on the hypothesis of a lower improvement of cardiovascular risk factors and a higher number of post-surgical complications in OSAS patients.
Determine the efficacy of family-informed intervention (INT) vs standard clinical care over a period of twelve months in children with obstructive sleep apnea and Down Syndrome.
The aim of this trial is to compare two different ways of CPAP titration: CAP titration with fixed pressure vs. auto-titrating CPAP.
The investigators seek to advance the understanding of obstructive sleep apnea as it relates to different ethnic origins as well as sex differences. The investigators will compare Somali patients with known obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) to individuals without OSA, and to individuals of other ethnic/racial origins to determine the risk factors (genetic and/or physiologic) associated with developing cardiovascular diseases. This will help the investigators to understand the unique sleep pathology of individuals of African descent.
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) is a sleep-related breathing disorder that is characterized by the repeated collapse of the upper airway during sleep, resulting in sleep deprivation. Mandibular Advancement Appliances (MAA) or Oral Appliances (OA) is prescribed for the patients with OSA and they have been shown to be effective. However, they rely entirely on the patient's acceptance and use. The aim of this study is to assess whether interventions- additional support approaches, will help patients use their MAA more as compared to those who receive routine care. The investigators also will try and identify factors that help us to understand why some patients choose to wear the MAA more than others. Adults (≥40 years) with a confirmed diagnosis of OSA (apnoea-hypopnoea index >5) and referred for MAA therapy will be included in this study. It is a multicentre study comprised of recruiting patients from secondary care. Patients will be provided with information in relation to the study and written informed consent obtained at their subsequent appointment for placement of MAA. Patients will be randomly assigned to Intervention Care (IC) and Standardised care (SC). Patients will also be provided with a sleep diary to subjectively record their hours of sleep and usage of MAA and an objective adherence record from the micro-sensor included in their MAA design. Data indicating adherence will be collected and evaluated, both subjectively at 3- (T2) and 6-months (T3) and objectively by downloading the data stored within a micro-sensor placed in the MAA device. At the end of the follow-up, the investigators also plan to undertake a qualitative one-to-one interview with patients compliant (users) and non-compliant (non-users) to identify their views of what helps and/or prevents their adherence.
Shared decision-making helps patients to establish a treatment plan with clinicians together. Our goal was to determine if the tools we developed could reduced decisional conflict for patients with obstructive sleep apnea.
Patients suffering from pathology of posterior eye chamber such as diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment, traumatic eye injury, retained lens fragments, macular hole, pucker, dislocated intraocular lens after cataract surgery or vitreomacular traction are often subjected to pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). PPV is minimally invasive endo-microscopic operation usually performed in topical anesthesia combined with sub-Tenon or retrobulbar block done by surgeon, supplemented by intravenous analgo-sedation given by anesthesiologist. Continuous infusion and dose adjustment of intravenous anesthetics applied should procure moderate sedation and preservation of patients' spontaneous ventilation. However, despite carefully applied anesthetics and standard low-flow nasal oxygenation (LFNO) (5 L/min O2 via nasal catheter), inadequate spontaneous breathing can occur leading to low blood oxygen level (hypoxia). Obese patients are susceptible to hypoxia and hypercapnia (high CO2 blood level) during analgo-sedation. Respiratory instability of obese patients is often associated to their subsequent circulatory instability (heart rate and blood pressure disorders). On the other hand, high-flow nasal oxygenation (HFNO) is usually used during anesthesia induction when difficult maintenance of airway patency is expected, in intensive care units during weaning patients from mechanical respirator and in postanesthesia care units during awakening from anesthesia. It can deliver 20 to 70 L/min, up to 100% inspiratory fraction of O2 (FiO2) to patient. High oxygen/air flow produces 3-7 cmH2O of continuous pressure in patients' upper airways therefore providing better oxygenation. Oxygen/air mixture delivered by HFNO is humidified and heated, thus more comfortable to patient than dry and cold LFNO. Aim of this study is to compare effect of HFNO to LFNO during intravenously applied standardized analgo-sedation given for PPV in obese adult patients. Investigators hypothesize that obese patients, whose breathing pattern is preserved, receiving HFNO vs. LFNO during standardized analgo-sedation for PPV will be more respiratory and circulatory stable, preserving normal blood O2 and CO2 level, breathing pattern, heart rate and blood pressure.