View clinical trials related to Apnea.
Filter by:Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a severe condition of sleep respiratory disorders. It is characterized by partial (hypopnea) or total (apnea) obstruction of the upper airways, negatively affecting the general and oral health of children and adolescents. The Dentistry plays a fundamental role in OSA diagnosis and early intervention, minimizing health damage and progression of the disease into adulthood. Current scientific evidence related to OSA and associated factors, as well as the prevalence and severity of the disease in children and adolescents is still scarce and presents divergences in these age groups. A retrospective cross-sectional study will be conducted to investigate the prevalence, severity and correlation between sociodemographic, behavioral, clinical and sleep quality related factors and OSA in children and adolescents diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG), using the criteria recommended by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM). The sample will consist of individuals who answered the questionnaires, performed the PSG at the Pelotas Sleep Institute and met the study inclusion criteria.
Sleep apnea is one of the most common chronic condition among US military Veterans, causing sleepiness, reduced psychomotor vigilance and depression, which undermine daytime functioning and quality of life. Persistent daytime symptoms of sleepiness in individuals with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) who are using Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) are associated with adverse long term medical and functional outcomes. Residual daytime sleepiness (RDS) is associated with reduced occupational and family functioning and overall lower quality of life. Napping is a common behavior among individuals with OSA and RDS and has been linked to both benefits to and decline in health and functioning. Longer nap times may maintain, as opposed to decrease, sleepiness by promoting sleep inertia and can contribute to maintaining subclinical circadian alterations that result in higher night-tonight variability in sleep patterns. Preliminary studies in humans and animal models have shown persisting alterations of circadian rhythms in OSA patients, that fail to normalize with CPAP treatment. CPAP treatment, while effective at correcting respiratory events and night time blood oxygen saturation levels, does not necessarily re-align the circadian system. Current treatment options are limited to stimulants and modafinil, whose long-term safety profile, effectiveness and impact on functional recovery is largely unknown. Supplementary exposure to bright light has beneficial effects on sleep quality and daytime vigilance in healthy individuals and it has been increasingly applied in a variety of sleep and neuropsychiatric conditions. However, no study to date has tested the application of BLT to treat daytime symptoms associated with sleep apnea. The investigators' study will be the first to explore the role of Bright Light Therapy (BLT), a well-established non-pharmacological intervention for circadian disturbances, for the treatment of residual daytime symptoms of OSA which do not respond to CPAP.
Obesity is the main risk factor for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Nasal CPAP is the standard treatment for OSA, but since weight-loss programs are not usually offered to OSA patients, the root causes of their illness and its comorbidities are not treated. There is some evidence regarding improvements in OSA after weight reduction but whether weight reduction programs are cost-efficient has not as yet been addressed. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether an intensive weight-loss program, carried out in a project combining hospital and primary care levels, is cost-effective in the medium and long term for the treatment of obese patients with severe OSA undergoing CPAP treatment. More concretely, our objective is to demonstrate whether this program achieves sufficient improvement in OSA to allow a reduction <30/h in the apnea-hypopnea index in at least 25%, improving their metabolic profile and central obesity. METHOD: A prospective, randomized, controlled study. Control group: standard dietary recommendations. Intervention group: 0-3 months very low calorie diet, 15 days substituting three meals for low calorie shakes, from 15 to 120 days substituting 1 meal and from 120 days to 12 months on a low calorie diet while starting a progressive exercise program. Recommendations for good sleep habits will be given. The program will be carried out through group and individual sessions with the hospital dietician. After 3 months: group sessions with a nurse in the basic area. Group sessions led by hospital dietician. From 3 to 12 months: group sessions led by primary care nurse. MEASUREMENTS: At the beginning, at 3 and at 12 months: two-night home respiratory polygraph, actigraphy, anthropometric and blood analysis data including metabolic syndrome and inflammatory markers, and health related quality of life questionnaires. Direct and indirect costs of treatments, outpatient's consultations, incomes, emergency visits and patients' travel costs to medical centers.
The aim of this feasibility study is to compare different settings of a custom-made automated bed with respect to their ability to induce a change in the sleeping position of the user. In particular, it is of interest whether the bed mechanism is able to change the position of a user from supine to lateral position. At the same time, the investigators want to know whether the intervention provided by the bed results in an arousal in sleeping users. In addition, feasibility of detecting the position of the user using the un-obtrusive pressure sensors, which are integrated in the bed, will be assessed. Within the experiment, the investigators will identify participants that are sleeping mainly in supine position by doing an acti-watch based screening measurement in their home setting. Those participants who are sleeping in supine position for more than 12.5% of the home recording with the acti-watch will be invited to come to the lab for one night measurement. The experimenter will trigger interventions of the bed manually when the participant is lying in supine position. The investigators will evaluate the position change using infrared cameras and the built in sensors of the bed. Furthermore, a commercially available home-measurement device to record polysomnography will be used to evaluate whether the intervention caused arousals.
Sleep Apnea Syndrome (SAS) is a serious health issue that should be managed in order to limit its adverse health consequences. SAS is known to induce cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and depression. The prevalence of SAS is still growing with social and economic repercussion. Today, polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard reference method for SAS diagnosis. However, it is a constraining and expensive technology. In order to improve patients' life quality, many new technologies have been developed for the SAS diagnosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the Sunrise®, a new medical integrated solution for SAS diagnosis, in comparison with PSG. This solution consists in a chin sensor recording mandibular movements and measuring the respiratory event index (ERI) through an artificial intelligence algorithm analysis.
Prospective open-label, non-randomized, monocentric, cohort study, to assess the prevalence and severity of sleep apnea syndrome in patients treated for cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract. The patient follows a usual course of care including, at the end of the treatment of his cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract, screening for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome at 3 months and 6 months (Epworth score and ventilatory polygraphy)
The general objective is to evaluate the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment in patients with masked hypertension. The secondary objectives are: i) To evaluate the prevalence of different circadian patterns of BP in ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) (dipper / non-dipper); ii) To assess in these patients the relationship between compliance with CPAP treatment and the response to nocturnal BP; iii) To identify variables of the ABPM, and biomarkers that are related to the unfavourable pattern of nocturnal BP response in these patients treated with CPAP; iv) To evaluate the change in the profile of biomarkers with the treatment. Methodology: Open, parallel, prospective, randomized and controlled study in which an ABPM will be performed in individuals with masked hypertension referred to the sleep unit and diagnosed of OSA (AHI≥ 30) without sleepiness (Epworth≤18). A total of 64 subjects with OSA and masked hypertension will be recruited. It will be collected blood for the determination of biomarkers. Subsequently, they will be randomized to receive treatment with CPAP (32) or conservative treatment (32). After 3 months of initiation, ABPM and biological determinations will be repeated.
The researchers in this study want to learn how drug BAY2586116 works in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). OSA is a sleep disorder marked by breathing pauses during sleep due to repetitive obstructions of the upper airway. BAY2586116 is a new drug under development for the treatment of OSA. It blocks protein channels expressed on the surface of the upper airways in small mechanoreceptors (a type of molecule that sense and pass stimulus outside a cell on to the inside of the cell through mechanical gate on the surface of the cell). Thus, the negative pressure reflex alerting the brain of inspiration is triggered more easily leading to a stronger activation of throat muscles. This prevents narrowing or collapse of the upper airways during sleep which is one of the pathological key factors in OSA. Researchers will study the effects of different routes of administration (drops into the nose, spray into the nose or throat or spray into the throat by endoscopy). Endoscopy allows the doctor to look at areas in the throat that cannot be seen with a mirror: a thin tube-like instrument is inserted through the nose to check and give the medication. Different doses of the test drug will be given. They also want to find out if participants experience any medical problems during the study. Patients participating in this study will undergo three study parts. After completing Part A and Part B, participants will be asked to join Part C. In Part A, participants will receive both the test drug and placebo (a placebo looks like the test drug but does not have any medicine in it); in Part B, participants will receive the test drug twice via different routes of administration (drops in nose and spray in nose or throat) and in Part C, the participants would receive the test drug once via spray in throat by endoscopy. The sleep of the participants will be monitored by medical equipment. Participants will be asked to visit the clinic 7 times in 14 weeks in total.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome is associated with increased vascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Especially, it has been shown that OSA associated intermittent hypoxia represents a pro inflammatory stimulus resulting in macrophage polarization. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a negative regulator of insulin signaling pathways involved in atherosclerosis. It has been shown that myeloid PTP1B deficiency protects against atherosclerosis. As hypoxia has also been shown to increase PTP1B expression and activity, this study will evaluate the myeloid PTP1B expression and activity in patients with OSA as compared to controls and will investigate myeloid PTP1B involvement in the vascular pro inflammatory precess described in OSA.
Referral of infants to the respiratory sleep disorders breathing team with apnoeas [pauses in their breathing] and apparent life-threatening episodes are frequent. While the majority of such episodes do not have a significant underlying problem a potentially life threatening condition accounts for a significant proportion of cases. In order to fully assess an infant, a full-scale overnight polysomnography study would be required. Unfortunately due to the complexity of such studies and because the equipment is generally fully booked for many weeks ahead it is extremely difficult to arrange timely assessment. Hence, currently, we are largely reliant on simple screening with pulse oximetry (measuring oxygen levels in the blood with a simple probe). This is able to identify potentially significant problems, but it is does not help to determine whether this is because the baby simply stops breathing for a period due to disturbance of its control of breathing, or whether it is experiencing obstructive episodes, for which there are a number of causes. This new equipment to be assessed would potentially provide a simple, robust means of undertaking definitive studies simply and effectively on the medical wards with assessment of chest and abdominal wall movement being linked to pulse oximetry. This is likely to provide a substantial and significant improvement on our current practice. The benefits will be that, for those with no significant underlying problems, we will be able to provide much greater reassurance for the parents, which is clearly very valuable, while in those with a problem we will be able to distinguish those with central or obstructive apnoea with a degree of certainty that will greatly streamline further assessments and treatment.