View clinical trials related to Substance-Related Disorders.
Filter by:To develop and test the effect of a patient-centered HIV prevention decision aid on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake among women with substance use disorders (SUD) in treatment.
Nonmedical prescription stimulant use (NPS) is commonly reported among college students for cognitive enhancement purposes, though it is associated with numerous negative psychological and physical consequences. Despite increasingly high prevalence rates and widespread acknowledgement of the need for efficacious interventions, little is known regarding how to prevent or treat this behavior. An intervention that targets cognitive enhancement motives and expectancy effects related to NPS may be particularly effective in light of recent research purporting limited evidence for meaningful NPS-related cognitive improvements among individuals without legitimate attention deficits. The primary objective of this proposal is to examine the efficacy of an intervention that successfully prevents NPS among college students by modifying expectations for NPS-related effects, while at the same time providing alternative means of enhancing cognition and arousal. Participants will be 126 stimulant-naïve college students who report a combination of risk factors for NPS. They will be randomized to one of three treatment conditions: a placebo-based expectancy challenge intervention that solely aims to modify expectancies related to NPS, a caffeine-based expectancy challenge intervention that includes expectancy modification combined with a safer alternative for cognitive enhancement, or a control group. Multilevel mixed modeling and survival analyses will be used to 1) examine changes in NPS-related expectancy effects across a 6-month follow-up period, and 2) assess incidence of NPS over the follow-up period, respectively, across the three groups. It is hypothesized that both expectancy challenge interventions will successfully modify expectancies compared to the control group and that they will be maintained over the follow-up period. It is also expected that the caffeine-based intervention will most successfully prevent NPS through a combination of expectancy modification and encouraging safe use of caffeine rather than prescription stimulants to achieve desired outcomes. Mediational analyses will also be employed to assess whether changes in expectancy effects via the interventions are responsible for differences in initiation rates between groups. The results of this project will facilitate the development of larger-scale prevention efforts to target the high rate of NPS on college campuses.
In recent years ketamine abuse becomes prevalent in youth in some Asian countries. Chronic ketamine abuse may lead to uropathology and cognitive impairments. No pharmacological interventions have been identified as effective for treating ketamine abuse or helpful in achieving or maintaining abstinence from ketamine. Cognitive-behavioral treatment is currently an important psychosocial intervention for addictive problems. This study aimed to test whether a brief cognitive-behavioral training program has a positive influence on stage transitions among ketamine abusers.
Twenty individuals diagnosed with opioid use disorder (OUD) will be recruited to participate in a beta test to demonstrate feasibility of using an online tool to help them better self-manage their recovery.
We will conduct a two-arm individually randomized controlled trial in six Government-run secondary schools in New Delhi. The targeted sample is 240 adolescents in grades 9-12 with persistent, elevated mental health difficulties and associated impact. Participants will receive either a brief problem-solving intervention delivered by lay counsellors (intervention), or enhanced usual care comprised of problem-solving booklets (control). Self-reported adolescent mental health difficulties and idiographic problems will be assessed at 6 weeks (co-primary outcomes) and again at 12 weeks post-randomization. In addition, adolescent-reported impact of mental health difficulties, perceived stress, mental wellbeing and clinical remission, as well as parent-reported adolescent mental health difficulties and impact scores, will be assessed at 6 and 12 weeks post-randomization. Parallel process evaluation, including estimations of the costs of delivering the interventions, will be conducted.
Currently, 1 in 8 adolescents continue to receive prescription opioids a year or more after injury. By longitudinally surveying patients, we can identify risk factors and pathways to nonmedical opioid use. Furthermore, by assessing whether pain management and mental health treatment after injury moderates sustained opioid use and prescription opioid misuse, we can create targeted interventions to reduce future nonmedical opioid use in adolescents.
Opioid use disorder is a major public health problem. Although there are effective treatments for this disorder, many people still relapse and thus there is a need for new treatments to improve outcomes. People who have a strong emotional and physical response to stress are at a higher risk of relapse. The goal of this project is to test the effect of strategies to reduce response to stress in people diagnosed with opioid use disorder. Men and women diagnosed with opioid use disorder will be recruited for a one-session study. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three brief instructional conditions followed by a brief laboratory stress test. Investigators hypothesize that, compared to education about stress, brief strategies to help people cope with negative emotions will reduce responses to stress and increase tolerance of stress. If this hypothesis is supported, it will inform the development of new treatments to improve outcome in opioid use disorder.
This study will assess the effects of acute low-dose opioid administration on functional neuroimaging measures in healthy individuals
Adolescents with substance use disorders (ASUD) in residential treatment have the most serious substance use disorders and the highest rates of psychological, motivational, behavioral, legal, environmental, and vocational problems. ASUD in residential treatment are also at high risk of relapse, with follow-up studies suggesting that 60% of ASUD will relapse within 90 days of discharge. Parenting practices have been established as a key influence on adolescents' initiation and maintenance of substance use, as well as their substance use outcomes and likelihood of relapse. However, therapists who treat ASUD have reported a myriad of systemic barriers to engaging parents in treatment. Findings such as these deem ASUD in residential treatment a high priority population and argue for the value of easily accessible parenting interventions during this critical time. The proposed study evaluates a low cost, low intensity model for delivering parenting skills to parents preparing for their adolescent's discharge from residential substance use (SU) treatment. Specifically, this project involves adapting the delivery of a computerized parenting intervention (Parenting Wisely; PW) that has preliminary evidence of efficacy in improving parenting skills and reducing youth behavior problems. This study adapts the delivery of PW for a new population (parents of ASUD) and new setting (residential treatment), and obtains initial data on its feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness. As a first step, an open trial with 10 parents was conducted to develop and pilot an adapted version of PW that included moderate engagement strategies: in-person coaching sessions, daily text messages containing reminders of parenting skills and links to video vignettes, and an online parent forum containing two networking boards (Ask an Expert and Connect with Parents). In the current phase, a pilot randomized trial with 60 parents will compare an adapted PW plus treatment as usual (TAU) condition (PW+) versus TAU only in a residential treatment center. Both treatment conditions will be delivered by Bachelor's or Master's-level community clinicians. This small trial will provide some initial evidence regarding the utility of a low-cost, low-intensity intervention and whether a larger, fully powered trial is indicated in the future.
The purpose of the study is to develop and implement an addiction recovery support program for cardiac surgery patients admitted with a diagnosis of infective endocarditis secondary to IV drug addiction. This is a single center/single unit (7-3600) exploratory study to examine the efficacy of three interventions on a subject's SOCRATES 8D score at time of discharge, at three months, and at six months. A convenience sample of all patients admitted to 7-3600 who meet the inclusion criteria for this study will be approached and provided information related to this study. Once entered into the study, the subjects will continue in the study through their hospitalizations and up to 60 days post hospitalization. This is a quality improvement study designed specifically for the cardiac surgery population. The unit is the primary unit that subjects who are admitted with IE are located. The study's objectives include: By date of discharge, subjects enrolled in the Peer Recovery Support Program will: 1. Actively engage in the program as defined by meeting with a Peer Support Volunteer at least two times prior to discharge, and or use of resilience journal, and or review of NA book. 2. Demonstrate negative drug screens done randomly during their hospitalization. 3. Actively contact at least one outpatient recovery program that they might enroll in prior to discharge (information about recovery programs to be provided by unit SW). 4. Demonstrate appropriate changes in their SOCRATES 8D survey scores from admission to program to post discharge. 5. Participate in follow up phone call with completion of SOCRATES 8D survey at 30 and 60 days post discharge.