View clinical trials related to Respiratory Tract Diseases.
Filter by:Exercise testing has become clinically important in the management and ongoing evaluation of patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) with higher rates of exercise tolerance and participation previously linked to lower mortality risk (1). Lower exercise capacity generally correlates with more severe lung disease (2,3) and landmark studies suggest that low exercise capacity as measured by peak oxygen capacity (VO2peak) and rate of decline in lung function (FEV1) are strong predictors of mortality (1,4). However not all studies have found pulmonary function tests (PFTs) to be reliable predictors of maximal exercise capacity (5), especially in relatively well preserved lung function (6,7). The wide distribution in physical capacity between fit individuals and end stage disease adds to complexity of assessment. Independent factors of age, genetics, habitual exercise, nutritional status and musculoskeletal conditions are all known to influence physical capacity in patients with CF (8,9). Maximal exercise testing places additional stress on cardiovascular, respiratory and peripheral systems providing more information around multiple influences on disease progression including degree of limitation in these major systems (10,11) and is useful for assessment of exercise desaturation, more common (but not always present) in advanced lung disease (5,12). With prediction of exercise performance and functional capacity from PFTs unreliable and the understanding that health status correlates better with exercise tolerance there has been an increase in maximal exercise testing for patient management (13). Many international centers now regard exercise testing as highly important with many assessing maximal exercise capacity annually to monitor disease progression, identify physical status and drive changes in medical, physiotherapy or nutritional management (14,15). The main vision is to develop a standardized incremental step test protocol suitable for adults with Cystic Fibrosis (CF), all ages, levels of fitness and disease state that is in line with current exercise testing recommendations (15). To develop a more useful field test to assess exercise tolerance and a more "user friendly" test than the currently available laboratory exercise test to allow for early detection of decline in physical function in the day-to-day clinical setting. To date no studies have been published in adults with CF where an incremental exercise step test has been investigated to assess exercise tolerance or determine maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max).
Asthma is an important chronic disease that causes a significant public health problem and the commonest medical conditions treated in health clinics giving rise to considerable morbidity and mortality. Several studies suggested that improvement of patient knowledge has become a key component of asthma management. In the study setting the education material for Asthma patient is available however the proper cannel to deliver it to patient remains a puzzle to the researcher, therefore this study is trying to close the gap between Asthma education material and patient.The aim of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of an Asthma Education Program (AEP) result in improvement of patient's knowledge, medication adherence and inhaler technique.This is an experimental study a clinical trials. Data will be gathered utilising three an adapted instrument to assess patient knowledge of their disease, medication adherence and inhaler technique. Patients who are came to Asthma Bay in Emergency Department, Respiratory Clinic for routine follow up and admitted to ward will be recruited as study subjects. Subject who are agree to enrol in the study will be randomized into intervention and control group. Subjects in intervention group will be undergone one session of an AEP, however there are no intervention for control group but continue routinely follow up in Respiratory Clinic. To obtain the study result descriptive and inferential statistical analysis will be performed. To analyse the statistical significant of the change in patients' health outcome the pre and post of AEP independent t-test or chi-square test will be used.The expected finding of this study is to determine the effectiveness of AEP result in of patients' knowledge regarding asthma disease, medication adherence and inhaler technique, pre and post of AEP. Keywords: asthma, asthma education program.
Bronchoscopy is a method of diagnosis and treatment of common respiratory diseases and lung recognized for many years. Since the action takes place in the airways and in light of the use of sedation, when performing, the procedure requires caution to keep potent airway and breathing sufficient enough. Most of the bronchoscopy done without the aid of equipment for advanced airway protection. During the operation done monitoring hemodynamics: such as blood pressure, pulse and respiratory such as percutaneous oxygen saturation and carbon dioxide. Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) - is a tool that has been shown to be effective in securing of airway respiratory activity during positive-pressure ventilation. Several studies have shown that the use of LMA is a convenient and safe while performing bronchoscopy for airways and lungs. However, most of the studies were for certain patient groups such as children, immuno-compromised patients. Or benefits and safety LMA in front of intubation during bronchoscopy. Our aim to assess the safety and efficacy LMA in not mechanically ventilated patients undergoing flexible elective bronchoscopy . Another objective, to examine whether there is a special group of patients enjoy the LMA more than others. Patients will be divided randomly into two groups alternately by order, one patient study group and the next one to control. Study group : LMA is inserted under sedation and used during the procedure. Control group - performing bronchoscopy under sedation without LMA. About 50 people are needed each group.
Introduction: Smoking is a major avoidable cause of ill-health and premature death. Treatments that help patients successfully quit smoking have an important effect on health and life expectancy. Varenicline is a medication that can help smokers successfully quit smoking. However, there are concerns that it may cause adverse effects, such as increase in the occurrence of depression, self-harm and suicide and cardiovascular disease. In this study the investigators aim to examine the effects of varenicline versus other smoking cessation pharmacotherapies on smoking cessation, health service use, all-cause and cause-specific mortality and physical and mental health conditions. Methods: In this project the investigators will investigate the effects of varenicline compared to nicotine replacement therapies on: (1) long-term smoking cessation and whether these effects differ by area level deprivation; and (2) the following clinically-important outcomes: rate of general practice and hospital attendance; all-cause mortality and death due to diseases of the respiratory system and cardiovascular disease; and a primary care diagnosis of respiratory illness, myocardial infarction or depression and anxiety. The study is based on a cohort of patients prescribed these smoking cessation medications from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). The investigators will use three methods to overcome confounding: multivariable adjusted Cox regression, propensity score matched Cox regression, and instrumental variable regression. The total expected sample size for analysis will be at least 180 000. Follow-up will end with the earliest of either an 'event' or censoring due to the end of registration or death. Ethics and dissemination: Ethics approval was not required for this study. This project has been approved by the CPRD's Independent Scientific Advisory Committee (ISAC). The investigators will disseminate the findings via publications in international peer-reviewed journals and presentations at international conferences.
This study is conducted to determine whether the test product (GW483100 10 mg containing montelukast sodium equivalent to 10 mg of montelukast) is bioequivalent to the reference montelukast sodium 10 mg tablets (innovator product) in healthy adult volunteers under fasting conditions. This is an open-label, balanced, randomized, single dose, two-way crossover study, enrolling 32 healthy human subjects to ensure at least 28 subjects complete the study. Each subject enrolled will participate in two treatment periods separated by a washout period of at least 7 days and no more than 14 days between dosing occasions. Total duration in the study for each subject will be approximately 7 weeks from screening to the subject's last visit.
The purpose of this study is to assess the safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the investigational GSK Biologicals' GSK3277511A vaccine in adults
Background: Scoliosis is a curving of the spine. It usually happens in girls when they are children and teens. Doctors often use x-rays to diagnose it. The x-rays give low radiation. This may increase the risk that those young women get cancer later in life. Researchers want to learn more about this risk. They will look data that has already been collected. Objectives: To study cancer risks of repeated low radiation from x-rays for scoliosis. Also, to study death risks related to certain scoliosis patient characteristics. These include causes, kinds of curvature, and kinds of treatment. Eligibility: Medical records of women from past scoliosis studies. Design: This U.S. Scoliosis Cohort includes more than 5,000 women who were diagnosed between 1912 and 1965. Data were collected on these women in the 1980s and 1990s. These came from medical records, radiology log books, and x-ray films. Researchers found out where participants were, including if they were dead. Some women were given a follow-up questionnaire. Researchers want to find out where participants are today. They want to identify new deaths of participants. They want to find out their causes of death. This data will be added to other databases.
This observation will look at patient care decisions of the primary healthcare provider utilizing the results of the DNA testing of patients' metabolic pathways using 2C19, 2C9, 2D6, 3A4, Factor II, Factor V and MTHFR and VKORC1. Findings of the data collection will be published to optimize the benefits of pharmacogenomics testing and publish health outcomes.
Epidemiological studies have shown obesity to be a risk factor of asthma. Research evidence of obesity and atopic(ie. allergic)-related respiratory diseases, has been less clear. The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the relationship between obesity and atopic-related respiratory disease in premenopausal women is mediated by a dietary imbalance of omega 6 and 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
World Health Organization (WHO) considers chronic respiratory disease (CRD) as one of its four priorities. These diseases include asthma and rhinitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), occupational lung diseases, sleep apnoea syndromes, pulmonary hypertension, bronchiectasis and interstitial lung diseases. They constitute a serious public health problem in all countries throughout the world, in particular in low and middle income countries and in deprived populations. Hundreds of millions of people of all ages, in all countries of the world, are affected by chronic respiratory diseases. More than 50% of them live in low and middle income countries. Over 90% of deaths and the complete inability, due to CRDs occur in countries with low or middle incomes. The main causes of CRD are: tobacco smoke, occupational factors, indoor air pollution and outdoor air pollution, allergens, sequelae of respiratory infections such as tuberculosis. More than 30% of the population of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) could develop a CRD. In fact, 15% of children and 7% of adults could become asthma and 6% of the population could become COPD due to smoking. Children exposed to fumes from biomass burning, early in their life, seem to have a higher risk to develop COPD. The high level of air pollution in HCMC could aggravate asthma / COPD. Populations combining the rural risk (exposure to smoke from biomass) and the urban risk (smoking, pollution) may develop COPD much earlier (before age 40). Among the 9 million people in HCMC, 50% of the population is rural origin. Within this population, parasites could play a protective role against the risk of allergic asthma and consequently, the better control of helminthiasis among urban population, may result in allergic diseases such as asthma and anaphylaxis. Finally, the sequelae of tuberculosis (incidence is 200/100000) could participate to the morbidity of COPD / CRD. Study granted by the ARES-CUD ("Comission universitaire au développement")