View clinical trials related to Respiratory Aspiration.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to determine the pharmacokinetics and safety of inhaled vancomycin in patients with cystic fibrosis.
Proprioceptive weighting changes may explain differences in postural control performance. In addition, the respiratory movement has a disturbing effect on postural balance. Postural balance seems to be impaired in individuals with respiratory disorders. Besides the essential role of respiration, the diaphragm may also play an important role in the control of the trunk and postural balance. Deficits in proprioception are found in a subgroup of patients with low back pain. In addition, disorders of respiration have been identified as strongly related to low back pain. The aim of the study is to clarify whether inspiratory muscle training has a positive effect on proprioceptive postural control in individuals with recurrent low back pain.
Obstructive sleep apnea affects approximately 2-4% of middle-aged adults in the general population and is associated with several medical conditions including hypertension and coronary artery. Research over the last decade has shown that obstructive sleep apnea may also increase the propensity for insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Positive airway pressure (PAP) is the first line therapy for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. While PAP therapy has several favorable effects such as improvements in daytime sleepiness and quality of life, it is not clear whether using PAP therapy can alter metabolic risk. The overall objective of this study is to examine whether treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with positive airway pressure therapy improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. The primary hypothesis of this study is that PAP therapy of obstructive sleep apnea will improve in insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism.
Objective target of the registry is to investigate the prevalence of SDB as well as the clinical characteristics of patients with and without SDB as well as the predominant type of sdb. For this purpose data from patients suffering from chronic, symptomatic heart failure with impaired left ventricular ejection fraction will be collected prospectively.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether different types of breathing therapies in patients with COPD III-IV decrease dyspnea and increase activity.
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) occurs in 2% to 4% of the non-disabled adult population and is characterized by periods of complete breathing cessation (apnea) or marked reductions in airflow (hypopnea) during sleep. By contrast, the diagnosis of SDB affects as many as 83% of persons with tetraplegia within one year of their injury. While some consider daytime somnolescence from poor sleep quality a 'tolerable annoyance', SDB can decrease near-term physical performance and mental alertness, decay memory and intellectual processing, invoke mood disturbances, decrease healthrelated quality of life(HRQoL), and cause vehicular or occupational injury. Recurrent sleep arousal is now strongly associated with cardiometabolic (CM) component risks including insulin resistance, obesity, inflammatory stress, and endothelial dysfunction. Despite considerable advancements in understanding and treating SDB - including favored use of positive airway pressure (PAP) - an evidence base sufficient to warrant routine evaluation and treatment of SDB and related sleep disorders remains elusive for those with spinal cord injury (SCI). To address these knowledge and treatment shortcomings the investigators will conduct a hypothesis-driven study with specific aims that will: 1) describe by stakeholder survey the clinically-relevant determinants of sleep quality in persons with chronic tetraplegia, 2) assess clinical features and co-morbid risks associated with SDB in persons with tetraplegia, and 3) determine in persons with tetraplegia having SDB whether treatment using PAP reduces health risks and improves HRQoL. Hypothesis 1 will be tested using data derived from a website survey.
Weaning of mechanical ventilation (MV) is an essential part in management of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) when critically ill. The best strategy to be used has not been established. Objective: To compare the Spontaneous Breathing Trial (SBT) in Pressure Support Ventilation with SBT through "T" tube in weaning of MV in patients with COPD. Design: Randomized Clinical Trial. Methods: This study will include patients with COPD, admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, undergoing MV for at least 48 hours. When considered by the care team ready for SBT, they will be randomized to one of the following strategies: SBT in Pressure Support or SBT through "T" Tube. The primary endpoint of this study will be the reduction in the days spent on MV. Other outcomes measured will be mortality, extubation and success rate, time to weaning of MV, length of ICU stay and incidence of tracheostomy.
Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome characterized by myocardial dysfunction and an impaired regulatory function of multiple organ systems which were resulted from impaired cardiac output and consequently impaired perfusion of target organ. In cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), the investigators found there is periodic oscillation in minute ventilation of some patient. With periodic breathing (PB), clear oscillations in oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide output, tidal volume and left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) were also noted. Exertional hyper-ventilation that is caused by HF may further induce vasoconstriction during exercise and lead to further dysfunction of end-organ and muscle. Reduced end-organ perfusion/oxygenation may critically limit exercise performance. Hypoxic change during nadir phase of PB may deteriorate the exercise limitation. Physical training can have beneficial effects which can effectively counteract the progression of deleterious compensatory mechanisms of HF. Whether exercise yields the same beneficial effect on ventilation oscillation and inefficacy is not clear. The investigators will observe the real-time cardiac and hemodynamic change respond to exercise with periodic breathing change. The investigators expect that these results obtained from this study can aid in determining appropriate exercise intervention to improve aerobic fitness as well as simultaneously improve hemodynamic control in patients with HF. A quasi-experimental design will be used in this investigation. 60 HF patients will be recruited from Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Keelung Branch after they have provided informed consent. These subjects will be divided into PB (n=30) and non-PB groups (n=30) by their expression of CPET. Patients from each groups received the same therapy and trace course for 2years including CV clinics, CPET and polysomnography. The investigators will measure subjects' physical fitness, oxygen transport and utilization of exercising skeletal muscles, cardiovascular functions and hemodynamics, blood cell parameters, RBC deformity and aggregation, plasma biomarkers of myocardial damage, oxygen stress and quality of life at pre-training stage and following the 6th , 12th, 18th, 24th months of the tracing program. Experimental results were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA. The investigators study the above parameter to realize the physiological response to exercise of these patients and discover the appropriate exercise intensity for prescription for EPB.
The purpose of this study is whether an inspiratory muscle training protocol would be associated with an improvement in of the diaphragm mobility, an increase in pulmonary function values , gain strength and endurance of respiratory muscles and improving quality of life.
The purpose of this study is to study the differential short-term effect of nocturnal oxygen, acetazolamide tablets and nocturnal non-invasive positive pressure ventilation on symptoms, exercise capacity and nocturnal breathing disturbances in subjects with pulmonary hypertension and sleep related breathing disorders - Trial with medicinal product