View clinical trials related to Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
Filter by:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in older adults and has recently been implicated in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Research has shown that sleep disruptions have caused memory impairment. Sleep apnea is a form of sleep disruption. We would like to examine how obstructive sleep apnea may contribute to the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
Our research team has established a polysomnography (PSG) quantified population-based paediatric sleep cohort in 2003 for a childhood OSA prevalence study. Subjects were recruited from 13 randomly selected primary schools. All subjects from this original cohort will be invited to join this 18-year follow-up study to repeat the following data collection: questionnaires, anthropometric measurement, sleep study, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) measurement, echocardiography and neurocognitive assessment.
Millions of Americans suffer from high blood pressure, diabetes, strokes and motor vehicle accidents due to ineffective treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Our preliminary data suggest that physiological causes of OSA such as easy arousability (low arousal threshold) or unstable breathing control (high loop gain) may influence effectiveness of OSA's most common treatment, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). The NICE-PAP study will examine how the physiologic traits that cause OSA in each individual impact CPAP effectiveness and can lead to personalized OSA treatments that improve patient lives.
Although most patients have essential (unexplained) hypertension, some patients have a treatable underlying condition. One such condition is phaeochromocytoma, a tumour that produces excessive stress hormones. Left undiagnosed, patients may develop a hypertensive crisis that can be fatal. Measurements of stress hormones (both 24-hour urine collection and morning blood tests) are highly sensitive for detecting these tumours. However, these stress hormones may also be elevated in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) which affects 1 in 5 adults. The investigators hypothesize that in patients with OSA, blood tests will be better than 24-hr urine tests at ruling out a tumour. If this is confirmed, then OSA patients with suspected phaeochromocytoma could be investigated with a morning blood test instead of a traditional urine test, reducing unnecessary additional tests and patient anxiety. In this single site study, the investigators plan to recruit 70 patients undergoing polysomnography. 24hr urine and bloods will be measured. Patients with elevated hormone levels will undergo imaging to rule out a tumour. The primary outcome will be the accuracy of each test in ruling out a tumour. The secondary outcomes will be the relationship between stress hormone level and severity of OSA, which may help to explain the increased cardiovascular risk in patients with OSA, and the change in stress hormone level with treatment for OSA
Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) represents an opportunity to evaluate the upper airway in sleep-like conditions. In its current clinical form, however, DISE does not routinely determine the functional impact of anatomic and neuromuscular factors on airflow obstruction. The investigators will apply nasal pressure (CPAP) during DISE to generate pressure-flow and pressure-area relationships, deriving functional determinants of upper airway obstruction during sleep. In addition, they will use objective anatomic measurements from computerized tomography (CT) and submental ultrasound. The findings will allow the investigators to streamline the upper airway exam during DISE, and will further the goal of developing personalized solutions that address specific pathogenic mechanisms of pharyngeal collapse and airflow obstruction during sleep. The investigators will use the physiologic and anatomic features derived from DISE and imaging to determine which are predictive of success to standard-of-care surgical interventions (e.g. skeletal, soft tissue, neurostimulation) .
The aim of the study is to determine whether selenoprotein activity and blood renalase level correlate with subclinical hypertensive heart disease and obstructive sleep apnea. The correlation will be assessed using selected electrocardiographic, ultrasound and laboratory indicators.
Simultaneous operations on the thyroid gland and hyoid suspension in patients with combined thyroid pathology and moderate to severe OSA.
The ROCK (Rho-associated coiled-coil containing kinases) play a critical role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and left ventricle hypertrophy (LVH). ROCK activity can be used as a clinical biomarker for the diagnosis and monitoring of cardiovascular disorders. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) increase cardiovascular disease and LVH. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the standard therapy for OSA. This study investigate the effect of CPAP on ROCK activity and left ventricle mass.
This is a prospective interventional study to better understand i) the prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF), ii) its hemodynamic correlates, and iii) the impact of intervention with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) on quality of life.
To create a validated computational tool to predict surgical outcomes for pediatric patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The first line of treatment for children with OSA is to remove their tonsils and adenoids; however, these surgeries do not always cure the patient. Another treatment, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is only tolerated by 50% of children. Therefore, many children undergo surgical interventions aimed at soft tissue structures surrounding the airway, such as tonsils, tongue, and soft palate, and/or the bony structures of the face. However, the success rates of these surgeries is surprisingly low. Therefore, there a need for a tool to improve the efficacy and predict which surgical option is going to benefit each individual patient most effectively. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of respiratory airflow in the upper airways can provide this predictive tool, allowing the effects of various surgical options to be compared virtually and the option most likely to improve the patient's condition to be chosen. Previous CFD simulations have been unable to provide information about OSA as they were based on rigid geometries, or did not include neuromuscular motion, a key component in OSA. This project uses real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to provide the anatomy and motion of the airway to the CFD simulation, meaning that the exact in vivo motion is modeled for the first time. Furthermore, since the modeling is based on MRI, a modality which does not use ionizing radiation, it is suitable for longitudinal assessment of patients before and after surgical procedures. In vivo validation of these models will be achieved for the first time through comparison of CFD-based airflow velocity fields with those generated by phase-contrast MRI of inhaled hyperpolarized 129Xe gas. This research is based on data obtained from sleep MRIs achieved with the subject under sedation. While sedating the patient post-operatively is slightly more than minimal risk, the potential benefits to each patient outweigh this risk. As 58% of patients have persistent OSA postsurgery and the average trajectory of OSA severity is an increase over time, post-operative imaging and modeling can benefit the patient by identifying the changes to the airway made during surgery and which anatomy should be targeted in future treatments.