View clinical trials related to Mental Disorders.
Filter by:Purpose Psychotic disorders (including schizophrenia) are complex neurobehaviour disorders influenced by genetic, neurodevelopmental, neurochemical, as well as psychosocial factors. Despite significant progresses in pharmacotherapy, the disorder often results in long-term disability (ranked globally amongst the top ten leading causes of disability-adjusted life years, DALYS), often associated with extensive cost, burden, morbidity and mortality. Objective / hypothesis The study aims to (1) measure the prevalence of psychotic symptoms in the Hong Kong population; (2) explore associated risk and protective factors for the expression of psychotic symptoms; (3) characterize the functional disability in people with psychotic symptoms; and (4) study the determinant of clinical presentation or non-presentation in people with psychotic symptoms. Design, subjects and study instrument The survey will be conducted with a two-phase design. The first phase interviews will include approximately 5,000 subjects with structured assessments serving diagnostic criteria for CMD, screening instruments for psychotic disorder, substance misuse and suicidal behaviours, functioning, service use and demographics. The second phase comprises of clinician interviews for psychotic disorder and "at risk mental state" and other variables including neurocognitive, help seeking, stigma and well-being. Analysis Prevalence estimates will be weighted, expressed as rates and confidence intervals. Comorbidity will be estimated using Latent Class Analysis (LCA) Logistic regression will be used to identify significant factors associated with mental disorders.
Agitation is associated with a number of acute psychiatric conditions, and frequent in acute psychiatric admissions. It is associated with violence towards others, and strongly associated with in-patient suicides. The main aims of the study are to assess different clinical presentations of agitation at admittance, and to assess the consequences of these different clinical presentations during the first three days of the stay.
This randomized clinical trial among SMI smokers assessed whether the EDSS with carbon monoxide monitor and health-checklist feedback lead to higher rates of initiation of smoking cessation treatment, days of smoking abstinence and Fagerstrom Dependence scores, compared to use of the EDSS with checklist feedback alone.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate an integrative therapeutic concept for schizophrenic patients with comorbid substance use disorder.
This project tests a model for improving illness self-management among persons who have both serious mental illness and diabetes and will be performed within a primary care setting at a safety net hospital system. The information gained from the randomized trial will be supplemented with reports from participants about their experiences of trying to improve illness self-management. Improvements in self-management should result in a reduction of psychiatric symptoms and improvements in functioning and physical health.
The project is a 15-year follow-up of 240 young adults whose families participated in an experimental evaluation of the New Beginnings Program (NBP), a preventive intervention for divorced families. The NBP was provided in late childhood; the follow-up occurred in young adulthood. Families were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: mother program (MP), dual-component mother and child program (MPCP), or literature-control (LC) condition. Programs were designed to change several putative mediators of children's post-divorce mental health problems using empirically-supported change strategies. The investigators expected that the NBP would have either main or risk by program interactive effects on mental health and substance use problems and disorders, developmental tasks, parent-young adult relationships, physical health problems, and competencies, such that YAs who participated in NBP will have better functioning than YAs in the control condition. The investigators expected that the NBP will have either main or risk by program interactive effects on mothers' mental health; those in the NBP are expected to have fewer mental health problems than those in the control condition.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether the use of the drug ramelteon decreases the symptoms of REM Sleep Behavior Disorder.
The investigators propose to recruit patients who have experienced a recent first episode of psychosis who have a chart diagnosis of Schizophrenia, Schizophrenifom, Schizoaffective Disorder, Psychosis NOS, or Bipolar I Disorder with psychotic features and self identify themselves as a current cigarette smoker. Aiding this population with smoking cessation is crucial as the majority of people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (50-90%) smoke, which is leading to early mortality. While these individuals can benefit from standard evidence-based treatment, these treatments are underutilized. Web based programs, such as the EDSS and thetruth.com, can provide education and motivational tools to help people with a recent onset of psychosis use evidence-based smoking cessation treatments. This study aims to test these two web-based programs among young people with a recent episode of psychosis for usability and likeability and to explore whether use of these two programs will motivate users to seek smoking cessation treatment or to engage in other quitting behaviors in the month following use of the programs. Information gathered from this proposal will be used to help the researchers decide whether either of these two programs will be reasonable to include in a larger study of a comprehensive treatment for individuals with first episode psychosis.
BBB dysfunction has been indicated in some groups of schizophrenia patients by measuring increased albumin and immunoglobulin (IgG) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels. Most of the authors described a raised protein level in 5-20% of the schizophrenic patients (Muller & Ackenheil, 1995). Increased S100B levels were demonstrated in the serum of patients suffering from schizophrenia as well as depression, and this may reflect increased BBB permeability. Furthermore, this increase remains in those patients who develop a residual state with relevant negative symptoms, whereas S100B levels normalize in recovering patients (Shalev, Serlin & Friedman, 2009). CSF albumin and CSF IgG values correlate significantly with some of the SANS (Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms) subscales and the SANS total score, this shows the correlation between BBB permeability and behavioral changes. It is important to say that although negative symptoms are often signs of chronicity of the disease, the abnormal CSF findings in Muller's experiment (1995) are not related to the duration of the disease, because the patients were quite young and the duration of the disease was less than 3 years. The investigators hypothesize that a primary vascular pathology, which leads to BBB breakdown, will result a leakage of serum-derived vascular components in to the brain tissue and may cause brain dysfunction such as disturbed thinking processes, mood and behavior, as we can see in psychiatric patients.
This reported observational clinical study aims at identifying epigenetic markers in a sample of patients undergoing high dose inpatient psychotherapy suffering from a variety of psychiatric/psychosomatic diseases such as somatoform disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety disorders and eating disorders. The exact epigenetic markers that will be traced are yet to define. The investigators believe that 1. Epigenetic patterns found in the group of psychiatric patients show differences from healthy controls 2. Different diagnosis show differences in epigenetic patterns as well 3. Epigenetic patterns correlate to the severity of the psychosocial disorder as measured in interviews or psychometric ratings 4. Epigenetic patterns can change under inpatient high dose psychotherapy 5. Changes correlate to clinical psychometric variables.